田同生：用登山的角度看待跑步

里程碑，逐个攻破：也要设置底线，知道什么时候必须要放弃或一定要坚持。

Microaerobic iron oxidation and carbon assimilation and associated microbial community in paddy soil

Iron oxidation is a prevalent and important biogeochemical process in paddy soil,but little is known about whether and how microbially mediated iron oxidation is coupled with carbon assimilation,particularly under microaerobic conditions.Here,we investigated kinetics of CO_2 assimilation and Fe(Ⅱ)oxidation in an incubation experiment with paddy soil under suboxic conditions,and profiled the associated microbial community using DNA-stable isotope probing and 16S r RNA gene-based sequencing.The results showed that CO_2 assimilation and Fe(II)oxidation in the gradient tubes were predominantly mediated by the microbes enriched in the paddy soil,primarily Azospirillum and Magnetospirillum,as their relative abundances were higher in the^( 13)C heavy fractions compared to^( 12)C heavy fractions.This study provided direct evidence of chemoautotrophic microaerophiles linking iron oxidation and carbon assimilation at the oxic–anoxic interface in the paddy soil ecosystem.

跑哪儿:网红“田老师”

从IP到体育旅游，从C端到B端的跑步生意。

Research on Ecological Protection and Restoration Measures in Altay Region based on the Coupling Perspective of the Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands System

The adoption of both Nature-based Solutions(NbS)and a system perspective is a hot issue and an area in which there is much room for improvement in ecological protection and restoration.The study takes Altay region as an example,an area located in Xinjiang,China,which is an important ecological corridor of the national key functional area and the core area of the Belt and Road but has a fragile ecological environment and needs much enhancement in ecological protection and restoration.Guided by the concept of"mountains-rivers-forestsfarmlands-lakes-grasslands(MRFFLG)system is a life community",the coupling relationship of the various MRFFLG elements,the main ecological environmental problems and the integrated countermeasures for protection and restoration in Altay region have been analyzed in this study.The study shows that Altay region has a typical meta-ecosystem of mountain,oasis,and desert,and the connections by rivers and lakes make the ecosystem links within the region much closer.The interweaving of resource-environmental-ecological issues of the aquatic ecosystem,degradation of the quality of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests,grasslands and farmlands,the increased ecosystem fragmentation and ecological risks are the major ecological environmental issues in this region.This study takes the improvement of the ecosystem health and function in Altay region as the core goal of regional ecological protection and restoration.First,we establish a zoning governance pattern from the perspective of ecosystem integrity;second,we design governance strategies for different zones with the goal of synergistic improvements in the ecosystem functions;and finally,we clarify the key engineering tasks in different zones from the perspective of ecosystem services.Ecological conservation and restoration of the MRFFLG system is a prime example of the application and development of NbS in China.This paper constructs an analytical framework for identifying regional life communities,diagnosing ecological protection and restoration of zoning problems,and proposing classified solutions for ecological protection tasks for the protection of the MRFFLG system.This research will enrich the theory and technology for the protection and restoration of MRFFLG systems,and provide guidance for the practice of ecological protection and restoration in Altay region.

Carbon isotope fractionation during CH_4 transport in paddy fields

In this study,to further promote the application of the stable carbon isotope natural abundance(SCINA)method to the study of CH4in paddy fields in China,field experiments were carried out to investigate carbon isotope fractionation during CH4transport in both rice-and non-rice-growing seasons.More importantly,two new methods for the measurement of the CH4transport fractionation factor(εtransport)in paddy fields were introduced.The results indicated that the closed chamber+syringe method was much better for the determination ofεtransport during the non-rice-growing season.Presently,εtransport was calculated using theδ13C value of the CH4emitted from a rice field minus that of the CH4in the floodwater(–6.7‰to–3.0‰).In addition,there were three methods available for estimatingεtransport during the rice-growing season:deduction of theδ13C value of the CH4in the floodwater from that of the CH4emitted from the field(–16.6‰to–15.2‰);deduction of theδ13C value of the CH4in the soil pore water from that of the CH4emitted from the field(–13.2‰to–1.1‰);and deduction of theδ13C value of the CH4in the aerenchyma of plants from that of the CH4emitted from plants(–16.3‰to–10.9‰).Unfortunately,the first two methods showed relatively large uncertainties.Only the last one,the dividing+cutting method,was not only scientific and reliable but also provided accurate measurements.