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滴灌棉花ABA不同氮肥处理下与土层20cm田间持水率之间的响应特征 被引量:1
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作者 张建新 杨秀春 何江勇 《干旱区地理》 CSCD 北大核心 2015年第5期968-975,共8页
利用滴灌盆栽试验,研究蕾期和花铃期不同施N水平的条件下,滴灌棉花ABA浓度与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的响应特征,结果表明:在蕾期不同处理纯N分别为N2、N4、N6 g/盆的条件下,滴灌棉花ABA含量与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的相关性系数(r)... 利用滴灌盆栽试验,研究蕾期和花铃期不同施N水平的条件下,滴灌棉花ABA浓度与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的响应特征,结果表明:在蕾期不同处理纯N分别为N2、N4、N6 g/盆的条件下,滴灌棉花ABA含量与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的相关性系数(r)的分别为-0.946、-0.917、-0.966,T检验显著水平P为0.015、0.029、0.007;模型拟合决定系数(R2)分别为0.977、0.852、0.934;花铃期,滴灌棉花ABA含量与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的相关性系数(r)的分别为-0.788、-0.959、-0.861;模型拟合决定系数(R2)分别为0.737、0.937、0.872;因而,蕾期盆栽滴灌棉花在纯N分别为N2、N4、N6 g/盆的条件下,滴灌棉花ABA含量与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的相关性为负相关,N6 g/盆的相关性达到显著水平,N6 g/盆处理拟合决定系数(R2)达到极显著水平,其模型为对数。花铃期滴灌棉花ABA含量与土层20 cm田间持水率之间的相关性为负相关,N4 g/盆的相关性达到极显著水平,模型拟合决定系数(R2)N4 g/盆达到极显著水平其模型为指数函数。本文研究的回归模型很好地描述了滴灌棉花腾发量及需水特性,为内陆干旱区绿洲农业滴灌棉花耗水量的估算提供了新计算方法和科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 滴灌 盆栽 棉花 ABA 田间持水
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类芦根系对不同强度干旱胁迫的形态学响应 被引量:33
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作者 蔡丽平 吴鹏飞 +3 位作者 侯晓龙 马祥庆 郑珊珊 郑锦文 《中国农学通报》 CSCD 2012年第28期44-48,共5页
为了探讨类芦根系对干旱胁迫逆境的响应规律,为其在水土流失区推广和应用提供科学理论依据,以水土保持先锋植物类芦为研究对象,通过4个不同干旱强度胁迫的盆栽试验,测定不同干旱处理对类芦根系生物量和根系形态指标。结果表明:不同干旱... 为了探讨类芦根系对干旱胁迫逆境的响应规律,为其在水土流失区推广和应用提供科学理论依据,以水土保持先锋植物类芦为研究对象,通过4个不同干旱强度胁迫的盆栽试验,测定不同干旱处理对类芦根系生物量和根系形态指标。结果表明:不同干旱强度胁迫处理,类芦根系总长度、表面积、平均直径、根系生物量的差异明显,而根体积差异较小。在不同程度干旱胁迫下,根体积、根平均直径随着干旱胁迫程度增加逐渐减小,且均比充足供水的小;而类芦根系总长度、根表面积、根系生物量、根冠比均比充足供水的大,中度干旱胁迫条件下(田间持水量40%±5%),类芦的根系长度、根表面积、根系生物量、地上部生物量、根冠比均为最大。类芦具有庞大的根系,抗旱和耐旱能力强;类芦根系增强延伸能力、扩大与土壤接触面积是对干旱逆境的形态学响应机制之一。 展开更多
关键词 干旱胁迫 类芦 根系形态 生物量 田间持水
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Research on Modification of Non-limiting Water Range of Soil
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作者 迟春明 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第11期1620-1623,1628,共5页
[Objective] The paper was to study and modify non-limiting water range (NLWR) of soil. [Method] The water content when total soil water potential was -0.3 MPa or soil mechanical resistance was 0.85 MPa was selected ... [Objective] The paper was to study and modify non-limiting water range (NLWR) of soil. [Method] The water content when total soil water potential was -0.3 MPa or soil mechanical resistance was 0.85 MPa was selected as the lower limit of NLWR to replace the original water content of permanent wilting point or the water content under soil mechanical resistance of 2.0 MPa. NLWR could be calculated us-ing the minimum value of upper limit minus the maximum value of lower limit. [Re-sult] Compared with original NLWR or least limiting water range (LLWR), the modi-fied NLWR had more practical significance. When Db〉Db-thr, soil physical properties hindered the growth of crops, so the soil should be improved; when Db〉Db-thr, soil physical properties hindered the growth of crops, so-the soil should be improved; wtlen Db〈Db-thr, as long as the soil water content is within NLWR, soil physical properties had no effect on crop growth. NLWR at this time could be used as the basis for irrigation man- agement in farmland. [Conclusion] The study provides theoretical support and scientific basis for relevant researches about evolution rule and regulatory mechanisms of soil physical quality, relationship between soil physical quality and crop growth and yield, water-fertilizer-salt management of soil. 展开更多
关键词 Field water capacity Critical point of aeration Critical point of waterpotential Critical point of mechanical resistance
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Field Capacity in Black Soil Region, Northeast China 被引量:9
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作者 DUAN Xingwu XIE Yun +2 位作者 LIU Gang GAO Xiaofei LU Hongmei 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2010年第5期406-413,共8页
In this work, 23 black soil profiles were surveyed and 113 soil samples were collected to determine the field capacity (FC) of the black soil in Northeast China. The effectiveness of three methods measuring FC, the Wi... In this work, 23 black soil profiles were surveyed and 113 soil samples were collected to determine the field capacity (FC) of the black soil in Northeast China. The effectiveness of three methods measuring FC, the Wilcox method (WM), the undisturbed soil pressure plate method (PUM) and the air-dried sieved soil pressure plate method (PDM) were compared to select a suitable laboratory measurement method. Results show that the FC values measured by PDM are greater than those measured by PUM, and the values measured by PUM are greater than those measured by WM. PUM is more suitable for the determination of FC in the study area. One regression equation between PUM and PDM has been established through which undisturbed soil can be replaced by air-dried sieved soil, which is easier to get, to measure FC. FCs vary from 23.50% to 37.00%, with an average of 31.65%, which differ greatly among the 23 black soil profiles. FC is found to be significantly positively correlated with the silt content, clay content and bulk density of the soil, but significantly negatively correlated with the sand content. An empirical pedotransfer function is established to estimate the FC using available soil physical and chemical properties. 展开更多
关键词 Wilcox method plate method pedotransfer function field capacity black soil
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Morpho-Anatomical Changes in Roots of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Drought Stress Condition 被引量:1
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作者 Nayab Saeed Nazimah Maqbool +1 位作者 Muhammad Haseeb Rumana Sadiq 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2016年第1期1-9,共9页
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a crop cultivated in semi-arid and rainfed areas of Pakistan and it experiences terminal drought stress. In this paper, the morpho-anatomical study regarding roots of chickpea was ca... Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a crop cultivated in semi-arid and rainfed areas of Pakistan and it experiences terminal drought stress. In this paper, the morpho-anatomical study regarding roots of chickpea was carried out to investigate the drought adaptation strategies. Twelve cultivars of chickpea were grown in pots under drought stress of 70% and 35% field capacity in addition to control (100%). Root segments of mature chickpea plants were sectioned in 2 cm from root-shoot junction and used for making transverse sections. The development of sleeve and stele tissues and their proportion were markedly influenced by moisture availability to the root system. Roots length, flesh and dry weight, and number of secondary roots were decreased under field capacity of 70% and 35% as compared to control in 12 cultivars of chickpea. Root epidermis and cortex of CH47/04 consisted of cells with thickened walls and with 2-3 cell layers of sclerenchymatous cells below the epidermis. Increased number of medullary rays and high vascular region was observed in cultivars CH120/04, CH47/04, CH587/05 and CH87/02. Anatomical studies showed that CH47/04 was highly tolerant among 12 cultivars of chickpea, while CH587/05 and CH87/02 behaved moderately under both levels of drought stress (70% and 35% field capacity). 展开更多
关键词 CHICKPEA field capacity SLEEVE vascular region cultivars.
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Effect of Deficit Irrigation at Different Growth Stages on Wheat Growth and Yield 被引量:1
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作者 Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini Mohsen Edalat 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2011年第1期35-38,共4页
In order to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation at various growth stages on wheat growth and yield, a field experiment was conducted in the 2008-2009 growing season based on the completely randomized block with ... In order to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation at various growth stages on wheat growth and yield, a field experiment was conducted in the 2008-2009 growing season based on the completely randomized block with four replications at the experimental farm of the College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, located at Badjgah. Treatments involved 13 irrigation regimes which applied in stem elongation, heading and grain filling growth stages. The highest seed yield (4,333 kg-ha-1) and the lowest ones (1,377 kg'hal) were obtained from T1 (100% field capacity (FC) in all growth stages) and T13 (50% FC in all growth stages), respectively. With limitation in water amount seed yield was diminished, but this trend was not significant at T4 (100%, 100% and 50% FC) and TI 1 (100%, 100% and 75~/0 FC). Stepwise regression results revealed that, seed number per spike had the largest contribution (partial R2 = 0.72) in seed yield variation. Also at TI, T4, and TI 1 treatments (well water treatments) as well as TI3 (sever stress) head number m2 contribute most in seed yield determination (partial R2 = 0.96). It can be concluded that water shortage during the grain filling period and its allocation to the other consecutive crop, can increase crop production in southern regions of Iran. 展开更多
关键词 Deficit irrigation yield components WHEAT stepwise regression.
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Analysis of Soil Water Dynamics in a Tropical Rain Forest Soil (Arinic lixisol), Abeokuta, Nigeria
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作者 Sobowale Adeyinka Adewumi Johnson Kayode +1 位作者 Ogunniranye Gabriel Bayo Sajo Opeyemi Samuel 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2014年第6期494-503,共10页
Soil water dynamics in the dominant lwo soil series (Arinic lixisol) were evaluated at the Federal University of Agriculture, Alabata, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Field capacity, infiltration and water retention characterist... Soil water dynamics in the dominant lwo soil series (Arinic lixisol) were evaluated at the Federal University of Agriculture, Alabata, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Field capacity, infiltration and water retention characteristics were evaluated in situ for a period of 161 d in the dry season for two root zone depths. Results show that the Iwo soil series has a field capacity ranging from 2.6%-5.5% at 0-45 cm and 45-90 cm root zone depths, respectively. The soil is quick draining with high infiltration rate and very poor water retention capacity confirming that the soil will require a short irrigation interval of about 2-3 d since available water for plant growth in predominantly sandy soils ranges between 2%-8%. Based on the foregoing, sprinkler irrigation is best suited for the lwo soil series, it should, however, be noted that the water application rate must be less than the infiltration rate of the soil in order to prevent surface ponding and runoff. A multivariate model relating soil moisture content with soil moisture tension and soil temperature calibrated within the study had very low model accuracy of 56% and 45% for the two root zone depths, respectively, implying the need for further studies. 展开更多
关键词 Soil water INFILTRATION water retention soil tension IRRIGATION root zone depth.
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Drought and N Addition in the Greenhouse Experiment: Blue Grama and Western Wheatgrass
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作者 Zhen Wang Michael Peter Schellenberg 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2012年第1期29-37,共9页
Understanding how the growth of two key native grass species of the Northern Great Plains (Western wheatgrass and blue grama) may be affected under drought and nitrogen deficiency is essential for future management ... Understanding how the growth of two key native grass species of the Northern Great Plains (Western wheatgrass and blue grama) may be affected under drought and nitrogen deficiency is essential for future management of these grasslands. The random complete block experimental design greenhouse study examined the effects of water and N addition on above-ground and below-ground harvested biomass of C3 (Western wheatgrass, WWG) and C4 (blue grama, BG) grass species for the purpose of gaining better understanding of drought responses for these two species. Compared with well-watered treatment (field capacity), two water limited treatments (70% and 85% field capacity) decreased plant above- and below-ground biomass (WWG and BG). For two N treatments (no N added, addition of 100 mg N kg^-1soil), addition of N significantly improved plant above- and below-ground biomass of WWG and BG under water field capacity. Both above- and below-ground biomass of the two grass species increased linearly with increasing water supplied, but above- and below-ground biomass of WWG was always lower than BG for the same treatments (water or N addition). The results demonstrated that BG seedlings had better adaptation than WWG to deal with the imposed drought or N deficient conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Water treatment N addition above- and below-ground biomass GRASS GREENHOUSE
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