甲模板原位回植治疗甲床裂伤

目的探讨自行制作的甲模板原位回植治疗甲床裂伤的可行性及疗效。方法使用5 ml注射器针筒或原甲板制作甲模板。对30例末节外伤伴甲床裂伤患者(34指)彻底清创后,原位复位甲床裂伤,将自制甲模板用交叉“8”字缝合固定于甲床,观察指甲生长情况。结果患者均获得随访,时间3~10个月。甲床裂伤均一期愈合。末次随访时,根据李宝山等指甲再生疗效评估标准评定:优25指,良6指,可2指,差1指,优良率91.18%(31/34)。结论使用5 ml注射器针筒制作的甲模板取材方便,甲模板回植治疗甲床裂伤方法简单,预防术后指甲畸形疗效显著。

指骨下筋膜瓣联合甲模板修复甲床中远端缺损

目的研究应用指骨下筋膜瓣联合甲模板修复甲床缺损的方法可行性及临床疗效。方法自2019年6月至2022年12月我科急诊收治15例甲床缺损患者,均伴有指骨骨质外露,甲床缺损为原面积的1/4~2/3,彻底清创后采用患指远端指骨下筋膜瓣覆盖骨外露创面,使用5-0可吸收缝线缝合筋膜瓣和残留甲床创缘,使用莫非氏管修剪制作甲模板覆盖于甲床和筋膜瓣之上,缝线稍加压固定甲模板,待自然脱落甲模板。术后随访观察创面愈合情况和指甲生长情况,按照李宝山等指甲评价标准评价患处恢复情况。结果本组15例15指筋膜瓣全部存活良好,创口Ⅰ期愈合,供区无坏死。术后随访2~12个月,平均5.6个月。指甲生长良好,平整光滑,指甲和筋膜瓣贴合完好,指腹供区无瘢痕,指腹饱满,手指活动正常,无压痛。按照指甲评定标准:优12例,良2例,差1例。其中1例差因为随访时间短指甲未能生长良好。结论应用指骨下筋膜瓣联合甲模板修复指骨骨质外露、甲床缺损,具有操作简便、损伤较小且指甲外形恢复良好等优点,是急诊处理甲床缺损的较好选择。

甲弧影以远弧形切口联合甲模板回植在治疗甲下血管球瘤中的应用

目的:探讨采用甲弧影以远弧形切口联合甲模板回植治疗甲下血管球瘤的可行性及疗效。方法:回顾性分析2019年3月至2021年6月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院骨科治疗的甲下血管球瘤患者的临床资料。所有患者在拔除指甲后,采用甲弧影以远弧形切口入路切开甲床,暴露瘤体后完整切除,切开的甲床瓣原位复位,不予缝合,选择使用5 ml注射器针筒或原甲板制作甲模板,戳引流孔,回植覆盖于甲床表面,三点缝合加压固定,常规换药,3周后拆除甲模板。记录患者术前及术后1个月疼痛视觉模拟法(VAS)评分,并随访观察甲床愈合、疼痛改善、指甲生长及肿瘤复发等情况。手术前后VAS评分以M(Q1,Q3)表示,采用Mann-Whitney U检验进行分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:共纳入37例患者,男5例,女32例;年龄18~67岁,平均39岁。术后病理均确诊为甲下血管球瘤,所有患者均获得随访,随访时间6~36个月,平均22个月,术后换药均无明显痛感,拆除甲模板后见甲床平整干燥,无明显瘢痕形成,术后切口均一期愈合,新生指甲平整光滑、外观满意,疼痛症状均消失,随访期间无复发。术前VAS评分为5.0(4.5,6.0)分,术后1个月VAS评分为0.0(0.0,0.0)分,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-7.57,P<0.001)。结论:甲弧影以远弧形切口治疗甲下血管球瘤,能有效保护甲床生发基质,瘤体暴露充分,可彻底切除,复发率低,同时结合甲模板回植可显著减轻甲床瘢痕形成,有效预防术后指甲畸形,方法简单,易于操作,临床疗效显著。

注射器针头联合甲模板治疗末节指骨开放性骨折

目的报告治疗末节指骨开放性骨折伴甲床损伤方法的可行性及疗效。方法自2016年6月至2018年8月对我院急诊收治的28例34指末节指骨开放性骨折伴甲床损伤的患者,彻底清创后使用1~2枚7号注射器针头自末节指端甲床下方或侧方旋入,直视下髓内固定骨折端。裂伤甲床原位复位后不缝合,使用5 ml注射器针筒制作甲模板(若原甲板完好可修剪后备回植使用)覆盖于甲床表面,并缝线固定,术后3周拆除甲模板,术后4~6周拔除注射器针头,观察骨折愈合和指甲生长情况。结果术后随访3~18个月,所有创面均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染和骨不连发生;指甲再生结果评定:优25指,良6指,可2指,差1指;优良率91.2%。手指屈伸功能结果:优26指,良4指,可3指,差1指;优良率88.2%。结论注射器针头固定末节指骨骨折方法可靠,注射器针筒制作的甲模板覆盖裂伤的甲床对预防术后指甲畸形方法简单、效果显著。

Preparation and improved photocatalytic activity of ordered mesoporous TiO_2 by evaporation induced self-assembly technique using liquid crystal as template

Ordered mesoporous TiO2 （OMPT） was prepared by an evaporation induced self-assembly technique using liquid crystal as template. The key factors affecting the methylene blue （MB） oxidation efficiency were investigated, including the initial concentration of MB, pH value and catalyst concentration. The results show that the obtained OMPT has high thermal stability and shows a 2D hexagonal mesostructure with the small particle size and high surface area, which lead to higher degradation efficiency than commercial P25 or nanoparticle TiO2 （NPT） fabricated by sol-gel process. The optimal conditions are 5 mg/L MB, pH 6 and 1.5 g/L OMPT for the fastest rate of MB degradation. Total organic carbon （TOC） analysis indicates complete mineralization of MB in 240 min by OMPT, with rate constant higher than NPT or P25.

Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Fe, La Co-doped Nanometer Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts

A series of photocatalysts of un-doped, single-doped and co-doped nanometer titanium diox- ide （TiO2） have been successfully prepared by template method using Fe（NO3）3.9H2O, La（NO3）3.6H2O, and tetrabutyl titanate as precursors and glucan as template. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement were employed to characterize the morphology, crystal structure and surface structure of the samples. The photo-absorbance of the obtained catalysts was measured by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and the photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples under UV and visible light were estimated by measuring the degradation rate of methyl orange in an aqueous solution. The characterizations indicated that the prepared photocatalysts consisted of anatase phase and possessed high surface area of ca. 163-176 m2/g. It was shown that the Fe and La co-doped nano-TiO2 could be activated by visible light and could thus be used as an effective catalyst in photo-oxidation reactions. The synergistic effect of Fe and La co-doping played an important role in improving the photocatalytic activity. In addition, the possibility of cyclic usage of co-doped nano-TiO2 was also confirmed, the photocatalytic activity of codoped nano-TiO2 remained above 89.6% of the fresh sample after being used four times.

Synthesis and Solid Phase Extraction Performance Study of NNAL-specific Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Using Dummy Templates

Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers （DMIPs） for 4-（methylnitrosamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）-1-butanol （NNAL） were produced using three structural analogues as dummy template molecules. The chosen analogues were 4-（acetymethylamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）-butanol, 4- （methylamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）-1-butanol, and 1-（3-pyridyl）-1,4,-butanediol. The molecular recognition characteristics of the produced polymers were evaluated by X-ray photoelec- tron spectroscopy （XPS） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）. Interactions between NNAL and methacrylic acid should be cooperative hydrogen bonds while the ni- trogen atom of the pyridine ring and the oxygen atom of the nitroso group in NNAL are two of the hydrogen-bond acceptors. It was further demonstrated that DMIP synthesized by 4-（acetymethylamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）-butanol had the best binding performance by XPS and FT-IR. Then dummy molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction （DMISPE） was developed for the determination of the analyte using the hit polymer as the sorbing material. Under optimal conditions, the recovery of NNAL dissolved in standard solution reached 93%. And the investigated polymer exhibited much higher binding of NNAL when nicotine was acted as the competitive molecule. Also the proposed method was applied to the measurement of NNAL spiked in blank urine samples with recoveries ranging from 87.2% to 101.2%.

Detection of thiopurine s-methyltransferase mutations by template directed determinator in incorporation with fluorescence polarization (TDI-FP)

Objective: To develop a new method for the detection of TPMT gene mutations and determine the frequencies of four TPMT alleles, TPMT *1, *3A , *3B and *3C in a healthy Chinese population. Methods: A TDI-FP assay system was set up in out lab. To evaluate this system, 220 healthy individuals were analyzed for the polymorphic sites at positions 460(G→A)and 719(A→G)of the TPMP gene using our new TDI–FP method. Results: Three TPMP*3C(G 460→G 719) heterozygotes were identified, TPMP *3A and TPMP *3B were not found. All mutations were confirmed by conventional DNA sequencing analysis. Conclusion: TDI-FP method has proven to be very efficient as a rapid and accurate approach for TPMP genotyping. TPMP *3C was the only polymorphism identified in this clinical samples we have registered.

Determining the approach speed envelope of carrier aircraft

Many factors,such as deck motion and air wave,influence the determination of the approach speed which has an important effect on landing safety. Until recently,there are no design criteria about approach speed of carrier aircraft in the current standards and available publications. Therefore,the requirements of stall margin, longitudinal acceleration ability,altitude correction and field-of-view on approach speed were researched. Based on the flight dynamics model,the flight simulations were conducted to study the effect of the response time of engine,wave off requirements,elevator efficiency and deflection rate on the approach speed. The results presented that the approach longitudinal acceleration and altitude correction ability had crucial influence on the approach speed envelope of the aircraft. The limitations of the control requirements,field- of- view requirements and gear were also given through the simulation and analysis. Based on the above results,the approach speed envelope were determined.

Organic‐free synthesis of MOR nanoassemblies with excellent DME carbonylation performance

Seed‐assisted low alkalinity gel system was developed to explore the organic‐free synthesis of MORzeolite.MOR nanoassemblies with Si/Al ratio(SAR)up to 9.4 and high solid yield(84–94%)weresuccessfully obtained under controlled low alkalinity conditions.Characterization results demonstratethat the acid strength increases in parallel with the SAR,while the total acid amount and theproton distribution in the main channels and the side pockets are similar for the samples.The protondistribution in the H‐MOR is not straightforwardly related to the Na+distribution in theas‐synthesized MOR,implying the transfer of the protons among the oxygen sites of framework Tatom.Relative to low‐silica samples I‐5.3 and I‐7.4,sample I‐9.4 displays the best mass transferperformance and accessibility of the acid sites by pyridine due to its relatively low Al density andmild dealumination degree.Correspondingly,sample I‐9.4(pyridine‐modified catalyst)shows thebest activity with ca.100%selectivity of methyl acetate(MAc)in the DME carbonylation reaction.The high steady MAc yield(6.8 mmol/g/h)over sample I‐9.4 suggests the promising application ofMOR nanoassemblies synthesized by this economical organic‐free strategy.

Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic performance of hierarchical ZSM-11 zeolite synthesized via dual-template route

Hierarchical zeolite materials were prepared via one‐pot synthesis of ZSM‐11zeolites with different molar ratios(R)of a mesoporogen,i.e.,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide template(CTAB),to a microporogen,i.e.,tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide(TBABr).The structures,morphologies,and textural properties of the resultant materials were investigated.Initially,with increasing R,the crystal size of the synthesized product decreased,the number of intercrystalline mesopores increased,and a pure ZSM‐11zeolite phase was present.Then an MCM‐41‐like phase was produced and embedded in the ZSM‐11zeolite phase.Finally,an MCM‐41‐like phase was obtained.The alkalinity had important effects on the physicochemical and textural properties of the prepared samples.A possible mechanism of formation of the hierarchical ZSM‐11zeolite was proposed on the basis of a combination of various characterization results.The role of CTAB varied depending on the R value,and it showed a capping effect,micellar effect,and template effect.These effects of CTAB were synergetic in ZSM‐11synthesis,but they were competitive with the structure‐directing effect of TBABr.In addition,the impact of the acidic properties and porosities of the hierarchical ZSM‐11catalysts on their performances in the alkylation of benzene with dimethyl ether was investigated.?2018,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

经甲半月以远弧形切口入路治疗指甲根部甲下血管球瘤

目的探讨应用经甲半月以远弧形切口治疗指甲根部甲下血管球瘤的可行性及疗效。方法2017年3月—2019年10月收治16例(16指)指甲根部甲下血管球瘤患者。其中男2例,女14例;年龄21~67岁,平均35.3岁。病程5个月~17年,中位病程15个月。拇指6例,示指3例,中指2例,环指4例,小指1例。均表现为典型"三联征";术前冷敏感试验和Love试验均为阳性。患者均行全甲板拔除,经甲半月以远弧形切开甲床暴露瘤体,完整切除瘤体后,原位复位甲床不予以缝合,制作甲模板并原位回植,缝合加压固定。术后随访观察甲床愈合、疼痛、指甲生长等情况。结果术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,术后病理检查均提示为甲下血管球瘤。所有患者均获随访,随访时间3~26个月,平均15个月。患指疼痛症状均消失,冷敏感试验和Love试验均为阴性;换药期间无明显疼痛。新生指甲平整光滑、外观满意,无明显纵嵴畸形等并发症发生;随访期间无1例复发。结论应用甲半月以远弧形切口治疗指甲根部甲下血管球瘤,操作简便、肿瘤切除彻底,术后复发率低,可有效保护甲床,预防术后指甲畸形,是一种有效手术方法。

Positive and negative shear lag behaviors of composite twin-girder decks with varying cross-section

In steel-concrete composite twin-girder decks, wide concrete slab would undergo significant shear lag warping effect, including positive and negative. Some researchers have investigated the positive shear lag of composite decks by means of one-dimensional line model, while the studies on the negative shear lag have not yet been reported until now. In this study, a new one-dimensional analytical model of composite twin-girder decks is first proposed based on the model proposed by Dezi et al. Besides slab shear lag effect and partial connection at slab-girder interface which have been included in the model of Dezi et al., the particularity of the proposed model relies on its ability to account for variation characteristic of cross-section. Verification of the analytical model is later conducted through comparison of results from the analytical analysis and elaborate FE analysis for a simply supported composite deck with increasing depth and a two-span continuous one with decreasing depth. Finally, three kinds of structural forms of composite twin-girder decks, including cantilever, simply supported and continuous decks, are selected to carry out the analysis of positive and negative shear lag behaviors by means of the analytical model. The influences of cross-sectional variation characteristic and load type on positive and negative shear lag behaviors are mainly investigated. Additionally, a new definition on effective width for considering simultaneously positive and negative shear lag behaviors is proposed. The results from the proposed analytical model and EC4 specification are compared to provide suggestions for designers and checkers. In this study, the proposed analytical model can provide a powerful numerical tool for researchers to conduct the further investigation, and the analysis on shear lag and effective width can assist in design analysis of composite twin-girder decks.

A versatile cooperative template-directed coating method to synthesize hollow and yolk-shell mesoporous zirconium titanium oxide nanospheres as catalytic reactors

The design of hollow mesoporous nanostructures for cascade catalytic reactions can inject new vitality into the development of nanostructures. In this study, we report a versatile cooperative template-directed coating method for the synthesis of hollow and yolk-shell mesoporous zirconium titanium oxide nanospheres with varying compositions （ZrO2 content from 0 to 100%）, high surface areas （465 m2·g-1） and uniform mesopores. In particular, the hexadecylamine （HDA） used in the coating procedure serves as a soft template for silica@mesostructured metal oxide core-shell nanosphere formation. By a facile solvothermal treatment route with an ammonia solution and calcination in air, the silica@mesostructured zirconium titanium oxide spheres can be converted into highly uniform hollow zirconium titanium oxide spheres. By simply replacing hard template silica nanospheres with core-shell silica nanocomposites, the synthesis approach can be further used to prepare yolk-shell mesoporous structures through the coating and etching process. The approach is similar to the preparation of mesoporous silica nanocomposites from the self-assembly of the core, the soft template cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） and a silica precursor and can be extended as a general method to coat mesoporous zirconium titanium oxide on other commonly used hard templates （e.g., mesoporous silica spheres, mesoporous organosilica ellipsoids, polymer spheres, and carbon nanospheres）. The presence of highly permeable mesoporous channels in the zirconium titanium oxide shells has been demonstrated by the reduction of 4-nitrophenol with yolk-shell Au@mesoporous zirconium titanium oxide as the catalyst. Moreover, a cascade catalytic reaction including an acid catalyzed step and a catalytic hydrogenation to afford benzimidazole derivatives can be carried out very effectively by using the accessible acidity of the yolk-shell structured mesoporous zirconium titanium oxide spheres containing a Pd core as a bifunctional catalyst, which makes the hollow zirconium titanium oxide spheres a practicable candidate for advanced catalytic systems.

Sensitive detection of DNA methyltransferase activity based on supercharged fluorescent protein and template-free DNA polymerization

DNA methylation, catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases(MTases), is a key component of genetic regulation, and DNA MTases have been regarded as potential targets in anticancer therapy. Herein, based on our previously developed DNA-mediated supercharged green fluorescent protein(Sc GFP)/graphene oxide(GO) interaction, coupled with methylation-initiated template-free DNA polymerization, we propose a novel fluorescence assay strategy for sensitive detection of DNA MTase activity. A hairpin DNA with a methylation-sensitive site and an amino-modified 3′-terminal(DNA-1) was designed and worked as a starting molecule. In the presence of DNA MTase, methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(Td T), DNA-1 can be sequentially methylated, cleaved, and further elongated. The resulting long DNA fragments quickly bind with Sc GFP and form the Sc GFP/DNA nanocomplex. Such nanocomplex can effectively protect Sc GFP from being adsorbed and quenched by GO. Without the methylation-initiated DNA polymerization, the fluorescence of Sc GFP will be quenched by GO. Thus, the DNA MTase activity, which is proportional to the amount of DNA polymerization products, can be measured by reading the fluorescence of Sc GFP/GO. The method was successfully used to detect the activity of DNA adenine methylation(Dam) MTase with a wide linear range(0.1–100 U/m L) and a low detection limit of 0.1 U/m L. In addition, the method showed high selectivity and the potential to be applied in a complex sample. Furthermore, this study was successfully extended to evaluate the inhibition effect of 5-fluorouracil on Dam MTase activity and detect Td T activity.