[Objective] The paper was to study the growth and development of Onychostoma sima in postembryonic development stage. [Method] The oosperm was obtained by artificial spawning and artificial insemination method, and ha...[Objective] The paper was to study the growth and development of Onychostoma sima in postembryonic development stage. [Method] The oosperm was obtained by artificial spawning and artificial insemination method, and hatched under laboratory condition. The indexes such as body weight, body length, length in front of anus and body height were measured to establish larvae growth model. [Result] When the water temperature was （20±1.5） ℃, the body length and body weight of newly hatched larvae were （10.28±0.05） mm and （7.79±0.08） mg, respectively. O. sima larvae begin to feed on the 4 th day after hatching, the initial feeding rate was 48%, the highest feeding rate was 100% on the 6 th d. The-point-of-no-return （PNR） was 13.5 d. In addition, it was also observed that the appearance time of PNR point of O. sima larvae was close to death time of completely starved group, being only 2 d, indicating that once O. sima larvae reached the PNR point, they would face death threats within short time. Therefore, various growth conditions for O. sima larvae should be satisfied to ensure full development of all organs, thereby reducing death and growth stagnation caused by adverse environment in early postembryonic stage. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for solving the problems in artificial breeding.展开更多
Objective:To explore the protective mechanisms of nerve growth factor (NGF) on spinal cord injury (SCI) and provide theoretical basis for its clinical application. Methods: The SCI of Wistar rats was done by Allens w...Objective:To explore the protective mechanisms of nerve growth factor (NGF) on spinal cord injury (SCI) and provide theoretical basis for its clinical application. Methods: The SCI of Wistar rats was done by Allens weight dropping way by a 10 g×2.5 cm impact on the posterior of spinal cord T 8. NGF (3 g/L, 20 μl) or normal saline was injected through catheter into subarachnoid space 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after SCI. The expression of N-methyl-D-asparate receptor 1 (NMDAR 1) and neuronal constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ncNOS) mRNA in rat spinal cord was detected by in situ hybridization. Results: Abnormal expression of NMDAR 1 and ncNOS mRNA appeared in spinal ventral horn motorneuron in injured rats, as compared with that in control group. The expression of NMDAR 1 and ncNOS mRNA in NGF group was significantly lower than that in saline group (P<0.01). Conclusion: NGF can protect spinal cord against injury in vivo. One of the mechanisms is that NGF can prohibit NMDAR 1 and nitric oxide (NO) production after spinal cord injury.展开更多
Abstract Melatonin （N-acetyi-5-methoxytryptamine） is a well-known animal hormone, which is synthesized and secreted by pineal gland and takes part in the regulation of circadian rhythm in animals. At present it has ...Abstract Melatonin （N-acetyi-5-methoxytryptamine） is a well-known animal hormone, which is synthesized and secreted by pineal gland and takes part in the regulation of circadian rhythm in animals. At present it has been observed that melatonin is widely existed in higher plants while there have no enough studies on functions of melatonin in plants. Researches have already indicated that the possible functions of melatonin in plants include regulating photoperiod, participating in growth regulation, clearing active oxygen, and promoting activity of antioxidase. General reviews upon functions of melatonin in plants are made upon experiments in recent years. We fo-cus on the demonstrated and predicted biological functions of melatonin in plants to bring researchers up to date on this field. The weakness in present studies and the main research directions are also pointed out.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effects of lentivirus vector mediated short hairpin RNA interference targeting methionine adenosyltransferase 2β gene (LV-shMAT2B) on hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS: We construct...AIM: To investigate the effects of lentivirus vector mediated short hairpin RNA interference targeting methionine adenosyltransferase 2β gene (LV-shMAT2B) on hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS: We constructed four plasmids of RNA interference targeting the MAT2B gene. After LV-shMAT2B was transfected with L-02 cells and two kinds of HCC cells, cell viability and proliferation were measured with MTT and [3H]thymidine assays respectively. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis. The level of S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) in HepG2 cells was evaluated. The expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, bcl-xL and bcl-xS were detected with western blot. RESULTS: We constructed LV-shMAT2B successfully. LV-shMAT2B was safe for human normal liver cells. LV-shMAT2B caused dramatic reduction in proliferation compared with controls in HCC cells Bel-7402 (P = 0.054) and HepG2 (P = 0.031). Flow cytometry analysis showed that cell apoptosis caused by LV-shMAT2B was greater in HCC cells Bel-7402 and HepG2 than in control induced by scrambled siRNA (P = 0.047), but apoptosis rates in L-02 induced by LV-shMAT2B and scrambled siRNA respectively had no significant difference. Moreover, LV-shMAT2B significantly suppressed expression of MAT2B leading to growth-inhibition effect on HCC cells by down-regulating cyclin D1. Apoptosis induced by LV-shMAT2B was involved indown-regulating bcl-xL and up-regulating bcl-xS. CONCLUSION: LV-shMAT2B can induce cell apoptosis and growth-inhibition in HCC cells. MAT2B may be a therapy target in HCC in the future.展开更多
Peptides are known to on act to discourage the growth of insects. In this perspective, authors studied the biological and physiological effects of LeucokininlI on the growth of Red Palm Weevil through adult insect fee...Peptides are known to on act to discourage the growth of insects. In this perspective, authors studied the biological and physiological effects of LeucokininlI on the growth of Red Palm Weevil through adult insect feeding of the sugar cane treated with different concentrations （0.05%, 0. I%, 0.25%, 0.4%） and biological effects on the number of eggs, the percentage of hatching, the length of the generation and the proportion of deformation, Results showed that there is a significant reduction in the number of eggs laid by the insects as the average number of eggs/female 75.7, 63.5, 59.4, 55.1 egg for each of the concentrations, respectively, compared with the average 140.2 egg in the control group, and reduction of percentages of hatching in all treatment as 71.4%, 64.6%, 70% and 71.5% respectively, compared with 79.3% of the control group. The percentage of deformations in egg densities included 44.4%, 15.4%, 22.6%, 27.8% compared to the control group. The results showed that there are a number of large deformations in the resulting larvae for different treatments. The conclusion is drawn that this study using LeucokininlI confirmed inhibition growth and caused an imbalance in the development stages of different insects due to its effect on the hormones that control molting of insects. This conclusion is furthermore apparent in the larval stage, as it appeared that Leucokininll prevents the insect from completing its life cycle. Test results using LeucokininlI are encouraging, and its future potential use in reducing Red Palm Weevil deserves broader studies. If the spread of currently known that this LeucokininlI is without prejudice to the work of the hormonal system.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Funds for Breeding Research of Sichuan Provincial Department of Finance(2006YZGG08-002)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to study the growth and development of Onychostoma sima in postembryonic development stage. [Method] The oosperm was obtained by artificial spawning and artificial insemination method, and hatched under laboratory condition. The indexes such as body weight, body length, length in front of anus and body height were measured to establish larvae growth model. [Result] When the water temperature was （20±1.5） ℃, the body length and body weight of newly hatched larvae were （10.28±0.05） mm and （7.79±0.08） mg, respectively. O. sima larvae begin to feed on the 4 th day after hatching, the initial feeding rate was 48%, the highest feeding rate was 100% on the 6 th d. The-point-of-no-return （PNR） was 13.5 d. In addition, it was also observed that the appearance time of PNR point of O. sima larvae was close to death time of completely starved group, being only 2 d, indicating that once O. sima larvae reached the PNR point, they would face death threats within short time. Therefore, various growth conditions for O. sima larvae should be satisfied to ensure full development of all organs, thereby reducing death and growth stagnation caused by adverse environment in early postembryonic stage. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for solving the problems in artificial breeding.
文摘Objective:To explore the protective mechanisms of nerve growth factor (NGF) on spinal cord injury (SCI) and provide theoretical basis for its clinical application. Methods: The SCI of Wistar rats was done by Allens weight dropping way by a 10 g×2.5 cm impact on the posterior of spinal cord T 8. NGF (3 g/L, 20 μl) or normal saline was injected through catheter into subarachnoid space 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after SCI. The expression of N-methyl-D-asparate receptor 1 (NMDAR 1) and neuronal constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ncNOS) mRNA in rat spinal cord was detected by in situ hybridization. Results: Abnormal expression of NMDAR 1 and ncNOS mRNA appeared in spinal ventral horn motorneuron in injured rats, as compared with that in control group. The expression of NMDAR 1 and ncNOS mRNA in NGF group was significantly lower than that in saline group (P<0.01). Conclusion: NGF can protect spinal cord against injury in vivo. One of the mechanisms is that NGF can prohibit NMDAR 1 and nitric oxide (NO) production after spinal cord injury.
基金Supported by National 863 Project of China(2012AA101801)"Twelfth Five-Year"Plan for Science&Technology Project(2011BAD17B01)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2009-2-06)~~
文摘Abstract Melatonin （N-acetyi-5-methoxytryptamine） is a well-known animal hormone, which is synthesized and secreted by pineal gland and takes part in the regulation of circadian rhythm in animals. At present it has been observed that melatonin is widely existed in higher plants while there have no enough studies on functions of melatonin in plants. Researches have already indicated that the possible functions of melatonin in plants include regulating photoperiod, participating in growth regulation, clearing active oxygen, and promoting activity of antioxidase. General reviews upon functions of melatonin in plants are made upon experiments in recent years. We fo-cus on the demonstrated and predicted biological functions of melatonin in plants to bring researchers up to date on this field. The weakness in present studies and the main research directions are also pointed out.
文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of lentivirus vector mediated short hairpin RNA interference targeting methionine adenosyltransferase 2β gene (LV-shMAT2B) on hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS: We constructed four plasmids of RNA interference targeting the MAT2B gene. After LV-shMAT2B was transfected with L-02 cells and two kinds of HCC cells, cell viability and proliferation were measured with MTT and [3H]thymidine assays respectively. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis. The level of S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) in HepG2 cells was evaluated. The expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, bcl-xL and bcl-xS were detected with western blot. RESULTS: We constructed LV-shMAT2B successfully. LV-shMAT2B was safe for human normal liver cells. LV-shMAT2B caused dramatic reduction in proliferation compared with controls in HCC cells Bel-7402 (P = 0.054) and HepG2 (P = 0.031). Flow cytometry analysis showed that cell apoptosis caused by LV-shMAT2B was greater in HCC cells Bel-7402 and HepG2 than in control induced by scrambled siRNA (P = 0.047), but apoptosis rates in L-02 induced by LV-shMAT2B and scrambled siRNA respectively had no significant difference. Moreover, LV-shMAT2B significantly suppressed expression of MAT2B leading to growth-inhibition effect on HCC cells by down-regulating cyclin D1. Apoptosis induced by LV-shMAT2B was involved indown-regulating bcl-xL and up-regulating bcl-xS. CONCLUSION: LV-shMAT2B can induce cell apoptosis and growth-inhibition in HCC cells. MAT2B may be a therapy target in HCC in the future.
文摘Peptides are known to on act to discourage the growth of insects. In this perspective, authors studied the biological and physiological effects of LeucokininlI on the growth of Red Palm Weevil through adult insect feeding of the sugar cane treated with different concentrations （0.05%, 0. I%, 0.25%, 0.4%） and biological effects on the number of eggs, the percentage of hatching, the length of the generation and the proportion of deformation, Results showed that there is a significant reduction in the number of eggs laid by the insects as the average number of eggs/female 75.7, 63.5, 59.4, 55.1 egg for each of the concentrations, respectively, compared with the average 140.2 egg in the control group, and reduction of percentages of hatching in all treatment as 71.4%, 64.6%, 70% and 71.5% respectively, compared with 79.3% of the control group. The percentage of deformations in egg densities included 44.4%, 15.4%, 22.6%, 27.8% compared to the control group. The results showed that there are a number of large deformations in the resulting larvae for different treatments. The conclusion is drawn that this study using LeucokininlI confirmed inhibition growth and caused an imbalance in the development stages of different insects due to its effect on the hormones that control molting of insects. This conclusion is furthermore apparent in the larval stage, as it appeared that Leucokininll prevents the insect from completing its life cycle. Test results using LeucokininlI are encouraging, and its future potential use in reducing Red Palm Weevil deserves broader studies. If the spread of currently known that this LeucokininlI is without prejudice to the work of the hormonal system.
