甲醇钙催化菜籽油酯交换反应制备生物柴油的研究

研究了甲醇钙固体碱催化剂催化菜籽油和甲醇酯交换反应制备生物柴油的反应性能,分析了甲醇钙的比表面积、总孔体积、平均孔径和热稳定性,并研究了反应温度、催化剂用量和醇油摩尔比对生物柴油产率的影响。结果表明,甲醇钙热稳定性好,碱性强;在催化剂用量为菜籽油质量的2.0%、反应温度为65℃、醇油摩尔比为22∶1、反应时间2.5h的条件下,生物柴油产率达到了95%。

Synthesis and characterization of an unusual snowflake-shaped ZSM-5 zeolite with high catalytic performance in the methanol to olefin reaction

The ZSM-5 zeolite with an unusual snowflake-shaped morphology was hydrothermally synthesized for the first time,and compared with common ellipsoidal and boat-like shaped samples.These samples were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia,and infrared spectroscopy of pyridine adsorption.The results suggest that the BET surface area and SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of these samples are similar,while the snowflake-shaped ZSM-5 zeolite possesses more of the（101） face,and distortion,dislocation,and asymmetry in the framework,resulting in a larger number of acid sites than the conventional samples.Catalysts for the methanol to olefin（MTO） reaction were prepared by loading Ca on the samples.The snowflake-shaped Ca/ZSM-5 zeolite exhibited excellent selectivity for total light olefin（72%） and propene（39%） in MTO.The catalytic performance influenced by the morphology can be mainly attributed to the snowflake-shaped ZSM-5 zeolite possessing distortion,dislocation,and asymmetry in the framework,and lower diffusion limitation than the conventional samples.

新型固体碱催化剂制备生物柴油

以碳酸钙为基础材料,制成高效酯交换催化剂甲醇钙。通过XRD、SEM、IR等方法表征。验证了甲醇钙的化学构成,并以氧化钙为对照,研究其在生物柴油制备中的催化性能,考察反应时间、催化剂用量及醇油比对大豆油酯交换反应转化率的影响。确定了最优化的反应条件。