降低火炮后坐力技术概述

低后坐力技术是协调火炮威力、机动性和精度三者之间矛盾的关键技术。降低火炮后坐力技术主要有前冲技术、超长和串联超长后坐技术、二维后坐技术、炮口制退器技术、膨胀波减小后坐力技术和电(磁)流变技术。前冲后坐技术需要适应多种装药的变化,要有专门的卡锁装置,迟发火或瞎火时需采取相应的安全措施,尤其要解决首发射击精度问题。膨胀波火炮红外目标特征太明显,要求能精确控制火炮相关机构,需系统、全面地研究探索内弹道技术、火炮自动机技术等相关技术。在火炮设计过程中,应对各种降低后坐力的技术进行综合分析与对比,提出相容性好的低后坐力技术应用方案。

Novel magneto-rheological fluid damper for passive force/torque feedback

The damper is capable of providing a continuously variable dampering force/torque in response to a magnetic field. It consists of an upside cap and an underside cap with a rotor located between them, the magneto-rheological （MR） fluid is filled into the gaps between the rotor and the caps. When the viscosity of the MR fluid increases under the influence of the magnetic field, the movement of the rotor will be resisted. The output torque is made up of the torque caused by the magnetic field, the torque caused by the plastic viscosity of the MR fluid, and the torque caused by the coulomb friction. The viscous torque can be calculated by a simple method and the frictional torque can be obtained by experiments. The torque dependent on the magnetic field is obtained by electromagnetic finite dement analysis. Experiments are done on the damper prototype and the validity of the design is verified.

智能材料与结构在智能控制中的应用

明确指出了智能材料和结构的概念,针对各种材料的性质和特性,以压电材料和电(磁)流变液在控制中的应用为例进行了讨论,并对智能材料和结构的应用前景进行了展望。