新型电力系统中的新能源技术综述

阐述新能源发电中的风力发电和光伏发电技术应用。分析新能源发电技术的特点,包括整合力量、科学规划、重视解决供需矛盾。

Models and Methods for Urban Power Distribution Network Planning

The models, methods and their application experiences of a practical GIS(geographic information system)-based computer decision-making support system of urban power distribution network planning with seven subsystems,termed CNP,are described.In each subsystem there is at least one or one set of practical mathematical methobs.Some new models and mathematical methods have been introduced.In the development of CNP the idea of cognitive system engineering has been insisted on,which claims that human and computer intelligence should be combined together to solve the complex engineering problems cooperatively.Practical applications have shown that not only the optimal plan can be automatically reached with many complicated factors considered, but also the computation,analysis and graphic drawing burden can be released considerably.

Evaluation of Loss of Load Probability and Expected Energy Generation in Multi-area Interconnected Systems with Wind Generating Units

Due to randomness of wind generator＇s availability, power system planners have big concern on EEG （expected energy generation） and system reliability of power system with wind generators. This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the EEG as well as overall LOLP （loss of load probability）, which is an index for system reliability of multi-area interconnected systems with wind generators, as well as conventional fossil fuel based generating units. The proposed model is also capable of tracking the energy export incorporating the multi-state probability model for wind generator which output varies with time and season.

Statistical Analysis and Energy Planning of Electric Power Supply Systems with Intelligent Control

The study presents possibilities for reconstruction of electric power supply systems in Bulgarian Black Sea resorts and possibilities to use statistical methods in energy planning. The paper shows the use of classic statistical methods in combination with advanced digital measurement systems in order to obtain the correlation dependencies, nature of energy consumption and opportunities for energy forecasting. The main purpose of the study is to obtain statistical dependencies of the nature of power consumption and correlations between electricity consumption and ambient temperature in order to improve the accuracy of energy planning. The analysis includes application of energy management systems for proper energy planning, improving economical efficiency and reducing power and energy losses.

Simulation and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system

As the prime motor of dispersed energy system, the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are high efficient with large heat recovery. This study presents a simulation of SOFC building-based cooling, heat and power (BCHP) system, which can meet basic requirements in power and heating (cooling) of the designated customers. The peak power load can be met by power grid, while the peak heating (cooling) load requirement can be met by backup equipments. In order to solve the economic dispatch problem of the energy system, a restricted nonlinear optimization model has been developed. The production costs can be minimized via both the equality constraints of customer’s heat and power demands, and other inequality constrains of equipments’ capacities. The sequential quadratic programming method has been used to search the solution. The study indicates that the model can be used to optimize the system’s capacities and run strategy. An office building case has been computed, and it is indicated that the model can be served in design and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system.

Integrated Renewable Energy Solutions for Aquaculture Processing Enerfish

The European Union Framework Programme 71 Enerfish project aims to demonstrate a new poly-generation application with renewable energy sources for the fishery industry in Vietnam. The fish processing plant under consideration can be made by energy self-sufficient when all fish waste oil is processed into biodiesel and further converted to electricity and heat （for cooling） in a CHP （combined heat and power） unit. The purpose of the present paper is to discuss the profitability of such plants in southeast Asia. The economic model shows that electricity production is, due to the low electricity tariff, uneconomical （except during electricity blackout）, even if cogeneration heat can be utilized. This prompt a design of the plant whereby the necessary heat for the biodiesel process is taken from the waste heat produced by the compressors of a CO2 cooling system. According to the calculations and assumptions of the present study, the profitability of biodiesel production from fish cleaning wastes in Vietnam depends strongly on the market prices for fish waste and fish oil. Different business case scenarios are described.

Security value based expansion planning of power system with integration of large-scale wind power

Concerning the integration of large-scale wind power,an integrated model of generation and transmission expansion planning is proposed based on the assessment of the value of steady state and dynamic security.In the assessment of security value,the unit commitment simulation based on the predicted hourly load and wind power output data in the planning horizon is used to evaluate the costs of preventive control,emergency control and social losses due to the uncertainty of load and wind power.The cost of preventive control consists of the fuel cost of power generation,the environmental cost and the load shedding cost.This not only provides a systematic method of security assessment of power system expansion planning schemes,but also broadens the perspective of power system planning from the technology and economic assessment to the measure of the whole social value.In the assessment process,the preventive control and emergency control of cascading failures are also presented,which provides a convincing tool for cascading failure analysis of planning schemes and makes the security assessment more comprehensive and reasonable.The proposed model and method have been demonstrated by the assessment of two power system planning schemes on the New England 10-genarator 39-bus System.The importance of considering the value of security and simulating hourly system operation for the planning horizon,in expansion planning of power system with integration of large-scale wind power,has been confirmed.

Distribution System Optimization Planning Based on Plant Growth Simulation Algorithm

An approach for the integrated optimization of the construction/expansion capacity of high-voltage/ medium-voltage (HV/MV) substations and the configuration of MV radial distribution network was presented using plant growth simulation algorithm (PGSA). In the optimization process, fixed costs correspondent to the investment in lines and substations and the variable costs associated to the operation of the system were considered under the constraints of branch capacity, substation capacity and bus voltage. The optimization variables considerably reduce the dimension of variables and speed up the process of optimizing. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was tested by a distribution system planning.

Generating wind power time series based on its persistence and variation characteristics

Generation of wind power time series is an important foundational task for assisting electric power system planning and mak- ing decision. By analyzing the characteristics of wind power persistence and variation, th!.s paper proposes an improved Mar- kov chain Monte Carlo （MCMC） method, identified as the PV-MC method, for the direct generation of a synthetic series of wind power output. On the basis of the MCMC method, duration time and variation features are concluded in PV-MC method, gaining a more comprehensive reflection of wind power characteristics in the generated wind power time series. First, the wind power state series is generated to meet the state transition matrix based on the definition of the wind power state. Then, the time duration of each state in the series is determined by its respective duration character. Finally, the variation characteristic is used to convert the state series to a wind power time series. A significant amount of simulations are performed based on the PV-MC and MCMC methods and are then compared for 25 wind farms at 6 different locations throughout the world. The sim- ulation results show that the PV-MC method offers an excellent fit for the time domain features （persistence and variation characteristic） while holding other statistic features （mean value, variance, autocorrelation coefficient （ACC） and probability density function （PDF）） close to the MCMC method.

A New Method of Transmission Network Flexible Planning Using the Connection Number

Because connection number can express and process synthetic uncertainties caused by various uncertainties in the transmission network planning, a connection number model (CNM) was presented to compare the values of connection number logically. This paper proposed a novel model for transmission network flexible planning with uncertainty. In the proposed planning model both certainty and uncertainty information were included, and the cost-benefit analysis method was used to evaluate the candidate schemes in the objective function. Its good adaptability and flexibility were illustrated through two examples.