Since renewable energy sources are growing in importance, how well they can penetrate the energy market for power generation will be a very important factor in the role the coal industry will play in the future. This ...Since renewable energy sources are growing in importance, how well they can penetrate the energy market for power generation will be a very important factor in the role the coal industry will play in the future. This paper examined the displacement of coal power plant capacity from 2010 to 2050 by renewables with respect to three drivers assumed under various conditions： the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act （ARRA）, Greenhouse Gas （GItG） policy, and varying plant capital cost cases. The results by 2050 illustrate that renewable market penetration captures anywhere from 1.9% to 6.4% of potential coal power generation capacity additions. Renewable power generation capacity additions is expected to outpace coal power plant additions by 89% with respect to ARRA in 2050, however with no GHG policy coal power generation capacity build-outs will outpace renewables by as high as 809%. Finally, coal power generation is still projected to be the largest single energy source contributor to the electricity market making up 28.0% of total available capacity, while renewables are expected to only make up 16.3% of total available capacity.展开更多
China＇s energy carbon emissions are projected to peak in 2030 with approximately 110% of its 2020 level under the following conditions： 1） China＇s gross primary energy consumption is 5 Gtce in 2020 and 6 Gtce in 2...China＇s energy carbon emissions are projected to peak in 2030 with approximately 110% of its 2020 level under the following conditions： 1） China＇s gross primary energy consumption is 5 Gtce in 2020 and 6 Gtce in 2030; 2） coal＇s share of the energy consumption is 61% in 2020 and 55% in 2030; 3） non-fossil energy＇s share increases from 15% in 2020 to 20% in 2030; 4） through 2030, China＇s GDP grows at an average annual rate of 6%; 5） the annual energy consumption elasticity coefficient is 0.30 in average; and 6） the annual growth rate of energy consumption steadily reduces to within 1%. China＇s electricity generating capacity would be 1,990 GW, with 8,600 TW h of power generation output in 2020. Of that output 66% would be from coal, 5% from gas, and 29% from non-fossil energy. By 2030, electricity generating capacity would reach 3,170 GW with 11,900 TW h of power generation output. Of that output, 56% would be from coal, 6% from gas, and 37% from non-fossil energy. From 2020 to 2030, CO2 emissions from electric power would relatively fall by 0.2 Gt due to lower coal consumption, and rela- tively fall by nearly 0.3 Gt with the installation of more coal-fired cogeneration units. During 2020--2030, the portion of carbon emissions from electric power in China＇s energy consumption is projected to increase by 3.4 percentage points. Although the carbon emissions from electric power would keep increasing to 118% of the 2020 level in 2030, the electric power industry would continue to play a decisive role in achieving the goal of increase in non-fossil energy use. This study proposes countermeasures and recommendations to control carbon emissions peak, including energy system optimization, green-coal-fired electricity generation, and demand side management.展开更多
Deregulation and liberalization of electric power industry, among other things, has created new requirements for the market participants. The power system engineer, operator, and, in general, the market participants a...Deregulation and liberalization of electric power industry, among other things, has created new requirements for the market participants. The power system engineer, operator, and, in general, the market participants are being faced with requirements for which they do not have adequate training and the proper software tools. In this framework, among others, a pure hydro-generation company has to operate its hydro units, throughout the operating day, trying to fulfill the market clearing schedule or a bilateral contract, and modify the program in the intra-day energy markets if necessary （or more suitable） as real-time operation is getting closer. In this scenario the objective is to maximize the hydroelectric power plant profit from selling energy in the spot market or by means of bilateral contracts. In this paper the optimal operation of a head-dependent hydroelectric power station in bilateral market-short-term hourly hydro resource scheduling for energy is obtained.展开更多
In recent years,China has made significant achievements in optimizing its energy structure and tapping into renewable energy.Wind power,in particular,has been doubled in its development year by year between 2005-2009....In recent years,China has made significant achievements in optimizing its energy structure and tapping into renewable energy.Wind power,in particular,has been doubled in its development year by year between 2005-2009.However,wind power develops too fast,which is not harmonious with the power system,the industry structure and the policy mechanism.Therefore,it is necessary to find the fundamental causes for the issue.Based on the inherent features and practical issues of wind power development in China,the role of wind power in energy development is put forward through probing logically into three perspectives,i.e.energy utilization,energy development and the ultimate objectives of wind power development.The current wind power development should be grounded on the improvement of wind power industrialization system,the smart grid and the research on new energy storage technology so as to lay firm foundations for large-scale development of wind power in the future.展开更多
China Electricity Council organized competent authorities across the industry of electric power to work out the ＂Research Reports on the 12^th Five-Year Plan for Electric＂ Power lndustry ＂＂ in nearly one year, whi...China Electricity Council organized competent authorities across the industry of electric power to work out the ＂Research Reports on the 12^th Five-Year Plan for Electric＂ Power lndustry ＂＂ in nearly one year, which provides a reference/or governmental departments to formulate the 12^th Five-Year Plan on energy and electric power industry. The magazine should publish the serial reports inchliding power sources, power grids, equipment manufacture, energy and environment, and power economics. This paper presents the part of ＂ power grids, ＂ in which the strategies of developing power grids are put forward.展开更多
In recent years, the prices of primary energy especially coal continue to increase rapidly. This results in a substantial decline of profits and more operating difficulties in the downstream electric enterprises. The ...In recent years, the prices of primary energy especially coal continue to increase rapidly. This results in a substantial decline of profits and more operating difficulties in the downstream electric enterprises. The listed companies in both coal supply and power industries have quality assets and are the representatives of these industries. Through the analysis of the financial and operational status of the listed coal supply and power companies since 2007, the reasons for the business development difficulties in the electric power industry were discussed. Recommendations were provided including improving the coal pricing system, increasing the degree of business integration of the coal and electric power industries, and adjusting energy structure.展开更多
Afghanistan electricity sector has experienced many ups and downs of transitions from 1893 to date. With the growing global interest in Afghanistan rehabilitation, this paper presents an over view of Afghanistan elect...Afghanistan electricity sector has experienced many ups and downs of transitions from 1893 to date. With the growing global interest in Afghanistan rehabilitation, this paper presents an over view of Afghanistan electricity sector which includes the historical development trends, power generation potential, sustainable energy exploitation, electricity policy transition and immature policies experiences, and the legacy of the war. The lack of access to the basic information about Afghanistan power sector was one of the serious concerns of international donors and investors. Still, this information somehow has been kept in official documents wrap up. In this collection, the Afghanistan＇s electricity sector is pictured as a reference for Afghanistan electricity. It can be opening toward primary sources of Afghanistan electricity sector of the lessons learned and asset for researchers interesting in this topic.展开更多
The rapid change in economic growth and human civilization has led to a dramatic increase in energy utilization and electricity demand. That faces nations with the challenge of maintaining cost-effective and clean pow...The rapid change in economic growth and human civilization has led to a dramatic increase in energy utilization and electricity demand. That faces nations with the challenge of maintaining cost-effective and clean power energy production. This paper aims to present Afghanistan electricity sector development and energy resources exploitation in a broad context. With the global growing interest in Afghanistan rehabilitation, this paper presents energy development trends in Afghanistan. Besides, the future outlook up to 2032 and the challenges that face electricity sector are highlighted. This study tries to emerge the historical development, current status, and future direction of Afghanistan electricity sector till 2032, in a precise collection.展开更多
This paper details the prospects for a civil nuclear power station in Estonia. Due to its climate change commitments, Estonia needs a new source of electricity provision. There is little academic literature on Estonia...This paper details the prospects for a civil nuclear power station in Estonia. Due to its climate change commitments, Estonia needs a new source of electricity provision. There is little academic literature on Estonia, and this research builds upon previous work but is more detailed in its analysis with primary data included in the form of interviews with Estonian energy industry experts. All the conditions that have led to nuclear energy being considered as an option are assessed, along with why it represents the most strategic path for Estonia in terms of electricity provision. Through the interview analysis a framework is established and advanced for the successful initiation of a national nuclear power plant project. This research is therefore of high value for small EU countries who intend to consider nuclear energy as an option in their energy mix or have more advanced plans to develop a nuclear program.展开更多
文摘Since renewable energy sources are growing in importance, how well they can penetrate the energy market for power generation will be a very important factor in the role the coal industry will play in the future. This paper examined the displacement of coal power plant capacity from 2010 to 2050 by renewables with respect to three drivers assumed under various conditions： the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act （ARRA）, Greenhouse Gas （GItG） policy, and varying plant capital cost cases. The results by 2050 illustrate that renewable market penetration captures anywhere from 1.9% to 6.4% of potential coal power generation capacity additions. Renewable power generation capacity additions is expected to outpace coal power plant additions by 89% with respect to ARRA in 2050, however with no GHG policy coal power generation capacity build-outs will outpace renewables by as high as 809%. Finally, coal power generation is still projected to be the largest single energy source contributor to the electricity market making up 28.0% of total available capacity, while renewables are expected to only make up 16.3% of total available capacity.
文摘China＇s energy carbon emissions are projected to peak in 2030 with approximately 110% of its 2020 level under the following conditions： 1） China＇s gross primary energy consumption is 5 Gtce in 2020 and 6 Gtce in 2030; 2） coal＇s share of the energy consumption is 61% in 2020 and 55% in 2030; 3） non-fossil energy＇s share increases from 15% in 2020 to 20% in 2030; 4） through 2030, China＇s GDP grows at an average annual rate of 6%; 5） the annual energy consumption elasticity coefficient is 0.30 in average; and 6） the annual growth rate of energy consumption steadily reduces to within 1%. China＇s electricity generating capacity would be 1,990 GW, with 8,600 TW h of power generation output in 2020. Of that output 66% would be from coal, 5% from gas, and 29% from non-fossil energy. By 2030, electricity generating capacity would reach 3,170 GW with 11,900 TW h of power generation output. Of that output, 56% would be from coal, 6% from gas, and 37% from non-fossil energy. From 2020 to 2030, CO2 emissions from electric power would relatively fall by 0.2 Gt due to lower coal consumption, and rela- tively fall by nearly 0.3 Gt with the installation of more coal-fired cogeneration units. During 2020--2030, the portion of carbon emissions from electric power in China＇s energy consumption is projected to increase by 3.4 percentage points. Although the carbon emissions from electric power would keep increasing to 118% of the 2020 level in 2030, the electric power industry would continue to play a decisive role in achieving the goal of increase in non-fossil energy use. This study proposes countermeasures and recommendations to control carbon emissions peak, including energy system optimization, green-coal-fired electricity generation, and demand side management.
文摘Deregulation and liberalization of electric power industry, among other things, has created new requirements for the market participants. The power system engineer, operator, and, in general, the market participants are being faced with requirements for which they do not have adequate training and the proper software tools. In this framework, among others, a pure hydro-generation company has to operate its hydro units, throughout the operating day, trying to fulfill the market clearing schedule or a bilateral contract, and modify the program in the intra-day energy markets if necessary （or more suitable） as real-time operation is getting closer. In this scenario the objective is to maximize the hydroelectric power plant profit from selling energy in the spot market or by means of bilateral contracts. In this paper the optimal operation of a head-dependent hydroelectric power station in bilateral market-short-term hourly hydro resource scheduling for energy is obtained.
文摘In recent years,China has made significant achievements in optimizing its energy structure and tapping into renewable energy.Wind power,in particular,has been doubled in its development year by year between 2005-2009.However,wind power develops too fast,which is not harmonious with the power system,the industry structure and the policy mechanism.Therefore,it is necessary to find the fundamental causes for the issue.Based on the inherent features and practical issues of wind power development in China,the role of wind power in energy development is put forward through probing logically into three perspectives,i.e.energy utilization,energy development and the ultimate objectives of wind power development.The current wind power development should be grounded on the improvement of wind power industrialization system,the smart grid and the research on new energy storage technology so as to lay firm foundations for large-scale development of wind power in the future.
文摘China Electricity Council organized competent authorities across the industry of electric power to work out the ＂Research Reports on the 12^th Five-Year Plan for Electric＂ Power lndustry ＂＂ in nearly one year, which provides a reference/or governmental departments to formulate the 12^th Five-Year Plan on energy and electric power industry. The magazine should publish the serial reports inchliding power sources, power grids, equipment manufacture, energy and environment, and power economics. This paper presents the part of ＂ power grids, ＂ in which the strategies of developing power grids are put forward.
文摘In recent years, the prices of primary energy especially coal continue to increase rapidly. This results in a substantial decline of profits and more operating difficulties in the downstream electric enterprises. The listed companies in both coal supply and power industries have quality assets and are the representatives of these industries. Through the analysis of the financial and operational status of the listed coal supply and power companies since 2007, the reasons for the business development difficulties in the electric power industry were discussed. Recommendations were provided including improving the coal pricing system, increasing the degree of business integration of the coal and electric power industries, and adjusting energy structure.
文摘Afghanistan electricity sector has experienced many ups and downs of transitions from 1893 to date. With the growing global interest in Afghanistan rehabilitation, this paper presents an over view of Afghanistan electricity sector which includes the historical development trends, power generation potential, sustainable energy exploitation, electricity policy transition and immature policies experiences, and the legacy of the war. The lack of access to the basic information about Afghanistan power sector was one of the serious concerns of international donors and investors. Still, this information somehow has been kept in official documents wrap up. In this collection, the Afghanistan＇s electricity sector is pictured as a reference for Afghanistan electricity. It can be opening toward primary sources of Afghanistan electricity sector of the lessons learned and asset for researchers interesting in this topic.
文摘The rapid change in economic growth and human civilization has led to a dramatic increase in energy utilization and electricity demand. That faces nations with the challenge of maintaining cost-effective and clean power energy production. This paper aims to present Afghanistan electricity sector development and energy resources exploitation in a broad context. With the global growing interest in Afghanistan rehabilitation, this paper presents energy development trends in Afghanistan. Besides, the future outlook up to 2032 and the challenges that face electricity sector are highlighted. This study tries to emerge the historical development, current status, and future direction of Afghanistan electricity sector till 2032, in a precise collection.
文摘This paper details the prospects for a civil nuclear power station in Estonia. Due to its climate change commitments, Estonia needs a new source of electricity provision. There is little academic literature on Estonia, and this research builds upon previous work but is more detailed in its analysis with primary data included in the form of interviews with Estonian energy industry experts. All the conditions that have led to nuclear energy being considered as an option are assessed, along with why it represents the most strategic path for Estonia in terms of electricity provision. Through the interview analysis a framework is established and advanced for the successful initiation of a national nuclear power plant project. This research is therefore of high value for small EU countries who intend to consider nuclear energy as an option in their energy mix or have more advanced plans to develop a nuclear program.
