YY/Y及YY/Δ变极调速异步电动机机械特性分析

本文着重分析YY/Y或YY/△变极调速时电动机定、转子参数的变化,以及它对电机机械特性的影响。

LOW COST IMPLEMENTATION OF SPEED SENSORLESS INDUCTION MOTOR CONTROL USING STATOR FLUX ORIENTATION

The control platform of the induction motor （IM） with low costs is developed by using DSP MC56F8013 with a good performance/price rtaio. The control algorithm for the speed sensorless IM is studied based on the stator flux orientation （SFO）. The algorithm structure is simple to be implemented and cannot be influenced by motor parameters, The improved stator flux estimation is used to compensate errors caused by the low pass filter （LPF）. A new speed regulator is designed to ensure the system working with the maximal torque in the transient state. The system simulation and the prototype experiment are made. Results show that the con- trol system has good dynamic and static performance.

LINEAR ULTRASONIC MOTOR WITH 2-DOF USING LONG-ITUDINAL AND BENDING VIBRATION MODES

A two-degree-of-freedom（2-DOF） linear ultrasonic motor （USM） consists of a cylinder-shaped stator and a slider. Two bending vibration modes with orthogonality and one longitudinal vibration mode are excited in the stator by three groups of piezoelectric ceramic elements. The combinations of any one bending mode and the longitudinal mode mentioned above push the slider to move linearly in direction x or y. Some key issues for improving the motor output properties and efficiency are given. They include selection of the vibration modes, consistency of the modal frequencies, placement of the piezoelectric ceramic elements and the supporting plane, setting of pre-pressure, and influence of interfering modes.

A novel two-degree-of-freedom spherical ultrasonic motor using three travelling-wave type annular stators

In order to promote the tolerance and controllability of the multi-degree-of-freedom(M-DOF) ultrasonic motor, a novel two-degree-of-freedom(2-DOF) spherical ultrasonic motor using three traveling-wave type annular stators was put forward. Firstly,the structure and working principle of this motor were introduced, especially a spiral spring as the preload applied component was designed for adaptive adjustment. Then, the friction drive model of 2-DOF spherical motor was built up from spatial geometric relation between three annular stators and the spherical rotor which was used to analyze the mechanical characteristics of the motor.The optimal control strategy for minimum norm solution of three stators' angular velocity was proposed, using Moore-Penrose generalized inverse matrix. Finally, a 2-DOF prototype was fabricated and tested, which ran stably and controllably. The maximum no-load velocity and stall torque are 92 r/min and 90 m N·m, respectively. The 2-DOF spherical ultrasonic motor has compact structure, easy assembly, good performance and stable operation.

Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Piezomotor Applied in Precision Positioning Devices

The motor’s configuration is designed and the dynamic analysis equations based on its simplified model are deduced. A testing system utilizing grating is set up to test this new motor, and the theoretical movement principle for the motor is proved by experiments. The pulse waveforms are applied to drive the motor to move in steps. The motor has a displacement resolution of 10 nm and a maximum velocity of 0.6 mm/s. It can drive a 200 g slider whose range is 20 mm. A one-dimensional precision positioning platform is fabricated by using the new hybrid piezoelectric motor. The prototype is made up of two servomotors and two piezoelectric motors, which are controlled automatically by a computer. The positioning range of the platform is 10 cm.

Fourier and wavelet transformations application to fault detection of induction motor with stator current

Fault detection of an induction motor was carried out using the information of the stator current. After synchronizing the actual data, Fourier and wavelet transformations were adopted in order to obtain the sideband or detail value characteristics under healthy and various faulty operating conditions. The most reliable phase current among the three phase currents was selected using an approach that employs the fuzzy entropy measure. Data were trained with a neural network system, and the fault detection algorithm was verified using the unknown data. Results of the proposed approach based on Fourier and wavelet transformations indicate that the faults can be properly classified into six categories. The training error is 5.3×10-7, and the average test error is 0.103.

An Improved Proportional Integral Estimator of the Stator Resistance for a Direct Torque Controlled Induction Motor

In this paper, an improved PI （proportional integral） stator resistance estimation for a DTC （direct torque controlled） induction motor is proposed. This estimation method is based on an on-line stator resistance correction regarding the variations of the stator current estimation error. In fact, the input variable of the P1 estimator is the stator current estimation error. The main idea is to tune accurately the stator resistance value relatively to the evolution of the stator current estimation error gradient to avoid the drive instability and ensure the tracking of the actual value of the stator resistance. But there is an unavoidable steady state error between the filtered stator current modulus and its estimated value from the dq model of the machine which is due to pseudo random commutations of the inverter switches. This may deteriorate the performance of the proposed fuzzy stator resistance estimator. An offset has been introduced in order to overcome this problem, for different speed command values and load torques. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator was able to successfully track the actual value of the stator resistance lbr different operating conditions.

Influence of Induction Motor Design Data on Effects of Cage Asymmetry

The purpose of this paper is to analyze influence of design data on a component （1 - 2s）~ in stator currents of induction motors, mainly used for cage fault diagnosis. This paper shows that such an approach does not always lead to a correct outcome. The considerations are based on a ＂classical＂ model of induction motors extended to cage asymmetry by introducing cage asymmetry factors ko~ and ka. It has been found that in order to estimate the level of the component （1 - 2s）7~, it is enough to know the pole-pair number ＂p＂ and the number of rotor slots ＂N＂. The main objective of the paper is to provide engineers with simple qualitative prediction of effects due to cage faults for various motors when information on design data is very limited.

Voltammetric Identification of Motor Oils Using Electronic Tongue on Carbon-Paste Electrode Basis

Viscous organic liquids are common products which are used in human life. The motor oils used to lubricate the moving parts of internal combustion engines present an important group of these substances. Timeous monitoring of motor oil quality allows providing durability of engine. For this purpose the problem of designing of express sensor devices for identification of motor oils and other viscous organic liquids using inexpensive voltammetric methods of analysis is solved. In this paper, the results of motor oils identification using electronic tongue on the carbon-paste electrode basis with motor oils as a binder have been presented. The possibility of univocal identification of individual samples of motor oils has been shown.

An adaptive load torque observer using hyperstability for PMSM servo system

An adaptive load torque observer is presented to compensate the torque ripple in PMSM servo system. A simple adaptive scheme is derived using Popov ＇ s hyperstability theory. The torque ripple detected by the observer is compensated by a feed forwarding equivalent current which gives fast response. The noisy current information is exempt from the observer to avoid its deterioration to the quality of the observer. The speed measurement delay is considered by using observed speed sinee the instantaneous velocity can＇t be estimated precisely at low speed because of too few position pulses from the absolute encoder during one time interval. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the dynamic performance of PMSM servo system satisfyingly.

Overview on permanent magnetic actuator

Permanent magnetic actuator （PMA）, as a new electronic actuator of vacuum circuit breakers, certainly will be used to replace the traditional mechanical actuator. It has such advantages as simple structure, high reliability, free maintenance, and so on. This paper summarizes the development, structure, magnetic analysis, character analysis, and control strategy of PMA, and also predicts the future trend of PMA development

New Generation of Outdoor Vacuum Circuit Breakers with Rated Voltage up to 40.5 kV

The article describes design peculiarities of the novel compact vacuum circuit breaker with rated voltage 40.5 kV. The design incorporates several novel technical solutions： polycarbonate support insulation, mono-stable magnetic actuator, labyrinth pulling insulator, core-type flexible contact and new compact vacuum interrupter （VI）. Phases are encapsulated into silicone rubber providing required creepage distance and excellent tracking resistance. These novelties along with extensive modeling of the mechanical and electrical fields followed by design optimization resulted in weight reduction of more than 50% compared with alternatives available in the market. And this is in spite of built in sensors measuring： phase currents, zero-sequence current, phase voltages.

Development of a Full Parameterized FE-modeling Tool for Efficient Vibration Investigations on End Windings of Turbo- and Hydro-Generators

End windings of generators are excited to vibrations due to electromagnetic forces which can cause severe damage and noise. To avoid this, it is important to predict the natural frequencies and modes of the end windings with finite elements. Due to the complex structure and unknown boundary conditions, the conventionally calculation of stator end windings has been very difficult and time consuming up to now. This paper describes the development of a full parameterized modeling tool, which allows a quick calculation of natural frequencies during the design phase of the generator. To keep the computing time low, it is important to find a way to get exact calculation results without detailed modeling of all pans. Additionally, special attention was paid to the active part, which has been replaced by spring-damper elements, and the determination of their stiffness via experimental modal analysis combined with finite element calculations.

Theoretical analysis of output speed of multi-pump and multi-motor driving system

A theory for multi-pump and multi-motor hydraulic systems is presented in this paper based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the popular hydraulic transmission and the double-stator motor(pump).By taking the single-acting fixed displacement multi-pump and multi-motor driving system as an example,the output speeds in a variety of connections of this novel hydraulic transmission are analyzed theoretically.This research work lays a theoretical foundation for the study of the multi-pump and multi-motor driving system and for the design of the system principle diagram.

A novel orientation measurement using optical sensor for spherical motor

The measurement of spherical rotor orientation is crucial to the close-loop control of spherical motors. This paper presents a novel method for the measuring of three-degree-of-freedom (DOF) rotor orientation of spherical motors using optical sensors. The spatial orientation of spherical rotor is output in the form of ZXZ Euler angles. Firstly, the structure of the measuring system composed of optical sensors and the patterns on the rotor surface are presented, and the operational principle of recognizing intersection points between the optical ring detectors and the latitude/longitude on the rotor surface is illustrated. The analytical model of input-output characteristic is established for the measuring system of three-DOF rotor orientation. Afterwards, the effect of parameters of the optical ring detectors on the linearity, sensitivity, resolving power and measuring range of the measuring system is analyzed using the analytical model. Finally, the feasibility of the measurement is validated through experiments of prototype measuring system. The analysis is expected to be a basis for the design parameter optimization of the orientation measuring system of a PM spherical motor.

Responses and stability of power system under small Gauss type random excitation

With the integration of renewable power and electric vehicle,the power system stability is of increasing concern because the active power generated by the renewable energy and absorbed by the electric vehicle vary randomly.Based on the deterministic differential equation model,the nonlinear and linear stochastic differential equation models of power system under Gauss type random excitation are proposed in this paper.The angle curves under different random excitations were simulated using Euler-Maruyama(EM) numerical method.The numerical stability of EM method was proved.The mean stability and mean square stability of the power system under Gauss type of random small excitation were verified theoretically and illustrated with simulation sample.

Vibration and flutter of wind turbine blade modeled as anisotropic thin-walled closed-section beam

Based on a variational asymptotic analytical model, vibration and aeroelastic stability of rotor blades modeled as anisotropic thin-walled closed-section beams are systematically addressed. The analysis is applied to a laminated composite construction of the circumferentially asymmetric stiffness (CAS) that produces bending-twist coupling. The vibration characteristics of composite beam are determined by the Extended Galerkin Method. The unsteady aerodynamic loads and centrifugal force are integrated with the classical aerodynamic model to deal with aeroelastic stability analysis. The influence of some related factors, ply angle, rotating velocity, and wind speed, is investigated. The paper gives methods of eigenvalue analysis and aeroelastic response, and gives the approaches to restrain classical flutter.