Epidemics are threatening public health and social development.Emerging as a green disinfectant,H_(2)O_(2)can prevent the breakout of epidemics in migration.Electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)production powered by renewable el...Epidemics are threatening public health and social development.Emerging as a green disinfectant,H_(2)O_(2)can prevent the breakout of epidemics in migration.Electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)production powered by renewable electricity provides a clean and decentralized solution for on-site disinfection.This review firstly discussed the efficacy of H_(2)O_(2)in disinfection.Then necessary fundamental principles are summarized to gain insight into electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)production.The focus is on exploring pathways to realize a highly efficient H_(2)O_(2)production.Progress in advanced electrocatalysts,typically single-atom catalysts for the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e−ORR),are highlighted to provide high H_(2)O_(2)selectivity design strategies.Finally,a rational design of electrode and electrolytic cells is outlined to realize the on-site disinfection.Overall,this critical review contributes to exploiting the potentials and constraints of electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)generation in disinfection and pinpoints future research directions required for implementation.展开更多
In this paper,the effect of various electrochemical environments in the galena flotation is investigated.The electrochemical environments consisted of a ball mill for grinding of galena ore and a Denver flotation cell...In this paper,the effect of various electrochemical environments in the galena flotation is investigated.The electrochemical environments consisted of a ball mill for grinding of galena ore and a Denver flotation cell for flotation of galena in the laboratory scale.In order to achieve the maximum recovery with sodium hyposulfite,the concentrations of 0.06 and 0.12 M of air and nitrogen gases have been used to control the pulp potential in the Denver flotation cell.The galena sample was from the ''Era mine'' which is located in the Kiyasar area,north of Iran.This mine contains:Galena(PbS) at least 22%,Fluorite(CaF 2) 73.37%,Quartz(SiO 2) 2.54% and other minerals such as Cerussite(PbCO 3) and Kaolinite(Al 2 Si 2 O 5(OH) 4).Flotation of Galena was conducted in a 0.12 M of sodium hyposulfite solution.It was found that the amount of recovery by this process was 85% and 63% in the presence and absence of potassium amyl xanthate(KAX) and at an estimated potential of 280 to 350 mV respectively while the recovery was 70% and 52% at an approximate potential of 175 to 210 mV in water in the presence and absence of collector(KAX).展开更多
The present work investigates the influence of ambient temperature on the steady-state off-design thermodynamic performance of a chemical looping combustion(CLC) combined cycle.A sensitivity analysis of the CLC reacto...The present work investigates the influence of ambient temperature on the steady-state off-design thermodynamic performance of a chemical looping combustion(CLC) combined cycle.A sensitivity analysis of the CLC reactor system was conducted,which shows that the parameters that influence the temperatures of the CLC reactors most are the flow rate and temperature of air entering the air reactor.For the ambient temperature variation,three off-design control strategies have been assumed and compared:1) without any Inlet Guide Vane(IGV) control,2) IGV control to maintain air reactor temperature and 3) IGV control to maintain constant fuel reactor temperature,aside from fuel flow rate adjusting.Results indicate that,compared with the conventional combined cycle,due to the requirement of pressure balance at outlet of the two CLC reactors,CLC combined cycle shows completely different off-design thermodynamic characteristics regardless of the control strategy adopted.For the first control strategy,temperatures of the two CLC reactors both rise obviously as ambient temperature increases.IGV control adopted by the second and the third strategy has the effect to maintain one of the two reactors' temperatures at design condition when ambient temperature is above design point.Compare with the second strategy,the third would induce more severe decrease of efficiency and output power of the CLC combined cycle.展开更多
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to the abundance of potassium and its chemical similarity to lithium.Nevertheless,the performances of KIBs are still unsatisfa...Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to the abundance of potassium and its chemical similarity to lithium.Nevertheless,the performances of KIBs are still unsatisfactory for practical applications,mainly hindered by the lack of suitable cathode materials.Herein,combining the strong inductive effect of sulphate and the feasible preparation of Fe^(2+)-containing compounds in oxalate system,a compound with novel architecture,K_(4)Fe_(3)(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)(SO_(4))_(2),has been identified as a lowcost and environmentally friendly cathode for stable potassium-ion storage.Its unique crystal structure possesses an unprecedented two-dimensional framework of triple layers,with 3.379Åinterlayer distance and large intralayer rings in the size of 4.576×6.846Å.According to first-principles simulations,such a configuration is favorable for reversible K-ion migration with a very low volume change of 6.4%.Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectra and X-ray diffraction characterizations at different charging/discharging states and electrochemical performances based on its half and full cells further verify its excellent reversibility and structural stability.Although its performance needs to be improved via further composition tuning with multi-valent transition metals,doping,structural optimization,etc.,this study clearly presents a stable structural model for K-ion cathodes with merits of low cost and environmental friendliness.展开更多
Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with low melting points, which have many unusual properties like negligible vapor pressure, good thermal stability, non-flammability, wide liquid range and electrochemical windo...Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with low melting points, which have many unusual properties like negligible vapor pressure, good thermal stability, non-flammability, wide liquid range and electrochemical window, and excellent solvation power for both organic and inorganic substances. The unique characteristics of ILs endow them with great potential for applications in different fields including chem- ical reactions, extraction and separation, material science, renewable energy, environment, and photoelectric trans- formations. Their properties can be tuned to suit various applications by changing the structures of the cations and/or anions.展开更多
The construction of flexible platform possessing the functions of immobilizing, separating, rinsing, and high-throughput analysis plays a significant role in biological and clinical research. Herein, hollow- channel t...The construction of flexible platform possessing the functions of immobilizing, separating, rinsing, and high-throughput analysis plays a significant role in biological and clinical research. Herein, hollow- channel technique was integrated with lab-on-paper for the simultaneous determination of two different concentrations of Zn2+ based on the origami principle, in which microfiuidic channels were first patterned on a cellulose paper using commercial solid-state wax printer. Hollow-channels were created by laser cutting method as the role of both injecting ending and reaction tank. After screen printing three elec- trodes system, the resulting planar paper sheets were then folded into steric structures and functional- ized by in-situ synthesized reduced graphene oxide. As a proof-of-concept, such lab-on-paper device was employed in the ratiometric electrochemical monitoring of zinc ion from the environment and HepG2 cells extract, by combining with co-catalysis of porous metal-organic frameworks and hemin/ G-quadruplex toward H202 in the linear range of 0.1-7,000 nmol/L. The results indicated that integrating hollow-channel with steric lab-on-paper offered a new methodological approach for the development of metal ions monitoring research. It is believed that it could be useful for various point-of-care related research fields, such as, on-site environmental monitoring, food safety, and disease diagnosis.展开更多
文摘Epidemics are threatening public health and social development.Emerging as a green disinfectant,H_(2)O_(2)can prevent the breakout of epidemics in migration.Electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)production powered by renewable electricity provides a clean and decentralized solution for on-site disinfection.This review firstly discussed the efficacy of H_(2)O_(2)in disinfection.Then necessary fundamental principles are summarized to gain insight into electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)production.The focus is on exploring pathways to realize a highly efficient H_(2)O_(2)production.Progress in advanced electrocatalysts,typically single-atom catalysts for the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e−ORR),are highlighted to provide high H_(2)O_(2)selectivity design strategies.Finally,a rational design of electrode and electrolytic cells is outlined to realize the on-site disinfection.Overall,this critical review contributes to exploiting the potentials and constraints of electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)generation in disinfection and pinpoints future research directions required for implementation.
基金supported by the Islamic Azad University,Savadkooh Branch
文摘In this paper,the effect of various electrochemical environments in the galena flotation is investigated.The electrochemical environments consisted of a ball mill for grinding of galena ore and a Denver flotation cell for flotation of galena in the laboratory scale.In order to achieve the maximum recovery with sodium hyposulfite,the concentrations of 0.06 and 0.12 M of air and nitrogen gases have been used to control the pulp potential in the Denver flotation cell.The galena sample was from the ''Era mine'' which is located in the Kiyasar area,north of Iran.This mine contains:Galena(PbS) at least 22%,Fluorite(CaF 2) 73.37%,Quartz(SiO 2) 2.54% and other minerals such as Cerussite(PbCO 3) and Kaolinite(Al 2 Si 2 O 5(OH) 4).Flotation of Galena was conducted in a 0.12 M of sodium hyposulfite solution.It was found that the amount of recovery by this process was 85% and 63% in the presence and absence of potassium amyl xanthate(KAX) and at an estimated potential of 280 to 350 mV respectively while the recovery was 70% and 52% at an approximate potential of 175 to 210 mV in water in the presence and absence of collector(KAX).
基金supported by the National High Technology R&D Project of China (No 2006AA05A109)the National Key Fundamental Research Program of China (No2007CB210102)
文摘The present work investigates the influence of ambient temperature on the steady-state off-design thermodynamic performance of a chemical looping combustion(CLC) combined cycle.A sensitivity analysis of the CLC reactor system was conducted,which shows that the parameters that influence the temperatures of the CLC reactors most are the flow rate and temperature of air entering the air reactor.For the ambient temperature variation,three off-design control strategies have been assumed and compared:1) without any Inlet Guide Vane(IGV) control,2) IGV control to maintain air reactor temperature and 3) IGV control to maintain constant fuel reactor temperature,aside from fuel flow rate adjusting.Results indicate that,compared with the conventional combined cycle,due to the requirement of pressure balance at outlet of the two CLC reactors,CLC combined cycle shows completely different off-design thermodynamic characteristics regardless of the control strategy adopted.For the first control strategy,temperatures of the two CLC reactors both rise obviously as ambient temperature increases.IGV control adopted by the second and the third strategy has the effect to maintain one of the two reactors' temperatures at design condition when ambient temperature is above design point.Compare with the second strategy,the third would induce more severe decrease of efficiency and output power of the CLC combined cycle.
基金financial supports from the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2019B090914003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51822210,51972329 and 51902339)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Project (JCYJ20190807172001755 and JCYJ20180507182512042)SIAT Innovation Program for Excellent Young Researchers (201811 and 201825)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2019A1515110975 and 2019A1515011902)。
文摘Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to the abundance of potassium and its chemical similarity to lithium.Nevertheless,the performances of KIBs are still unsatisfactory for practical applications,mainly hindered by the lack of suitable cathode materials.Herein,combining the strong inductive effect of sulphate and the feasible preparation of Fe^(2+)-containing compounds in oxalate system,a compound with novel architecture,K_(4)Fe_(3)(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)(SO_(4))_(2),has been identified as a lowcost and environmentally friendly cathode for stable potassium-ion storage.Its unique crystal structure possesses an unprecedented two-dimensional framework of triple layers,with 3.379Åinterlayer distance and large intralayer rings in the size of 4.576×6.846Å.According to first-principles simulations,such a configuration is favorable for reversible K-ion migration with a very low volume change of 6.4%.Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectra and X-ray diffraction characterizations at different charging/discharging states and electrochemical performances based on its half and full cells further verify its excellent reversibility and structural stability.Although its performance needs to be improved via further composition tuning with multi-valent transition metals,doping,structural optimization,etc.,this study clearly presents a stable structural model for K-ion cathodes with merits of low cost and environmental friendliness.
文摘Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with low melting points, which have many unusual properties like negligible vapor pressure, good thermal stability, non-flammability, wide liquid range and electrochemical window, and excellent solvation power for both organic and inorganic substances. The unique characteristics of ILs endow them with great potential for applications in different fields including chem- ical reactions, extraction and separation, material science, renewable energy, environment, and photoelectric trans- formations. Their properties can be tuned to suit various applications by changing the structures of the cations and/or anions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51502112,21475052)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(2016GGX102035)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of University of Jinan,China(XBH1511)
文摘The construction of flexible platform possessing the functions of immobilizing, separating, rinsing, and high-throughput analysis plays a significant role in biological and clinical research. Herein, hollow- channel technique was integrated with lab-on-paper for the simultaneous determination of two different concentrations of Zn2+ based on the origami principle, in which microfiuidic channels were first patterned on a cellulose paper using commercial solid-state wax printer. Hollow-channels were created by laser cutting method as the role of both injecting ending and reaction tank. After screen printing three elec- trodes system, the resulting planar paper sheets were then folded into steric structures and functional- ized by in-situ synthesized reduced graphene oxide. As a proof-of-concept, such lab-on-paper device was employed in the ratiometric electrochemical monitoring of zinc ion from the environment and HepG2 cells extract, by combining with co-catalysis of porous metal-organic frameworks and hemin/ G-quadruplex toward H202 in the linear range of 0.1-7,000 nmol/L. The results indicated that integrating hollow-channel with steric lab-on-paper offered a new methodological approach for the development of metal ions monitoring research. It is believed that it could be useful for various point-of-care related research fields, such as, on-site environmental monitoring, food safety, and disease diagnosis.