This paper briefs the configuration and performance of large size gas turbines and their composed combined cycle power plants designed and produced by four large renown gas turbine manufacturing firms in the world, pr...This paper briefs the configuration and performance of large size gas turbines and their composed combined cycle power plants designed and produced by four large renown gas turbine manufacturing firms in the world, providing reference for the relevant sectors and enterprises in importing advanced gas turbines and technologies.展开更多
A supercritical CO2 gas turbine cycle can produce power at high efficiency and the gas turbine is compact compared with the steam turbine. Therefore, it is very advantageous power cycle for the medium temperature rang...A supercritical CO2 gas turbine cycle can produce power at high efficiency and the gas turbine is compact compared with the steam turbine. Therefore, it is very advantageous power cycle for the medium temperature range less than 650 ℃. The purpose of this paper is to show how it can be effectively applied not only to the nuclear power but also to the fossil fired power plant. A design of 300 MWe plant has been carried out, where thermal energy of flue gas leaving a CO2 heater is utilized effectively by means of economizer and a high cycle thermal efficiency of 43.4 % has been achieved. Since the temperature and the pressure difference of the CO2 heater are very high, the structural design becomes very difficult. It is revealed that this problem can be effectively solved by introducing a double expansion turbine cycle. The component designs of the CO2 heater, the economizer, supercritical CO2 turbines, compressors and the recuperators are given and it is shown that these components have good performances and compact sizes.展开更多
The authors propose a new closed cycle oxy-fuel gas turbine power plant that utilizes a nuclear heat generator. A pressurized water reactor （PWR） is designed to supply saturated steam to an oxy-fuel gas turbine for ...The authors propose a new closed cycle oxy-fuel gas turbine power plant that utilizes a nuclear heat generator. A pressurized water reactor （PWR） is designed to supply saturated steam to an oxy-fuel gas turbine for a specific power output increase The saturated steam from the reactor can have lower pressure and temperature than those of an existing PWR. In this study, the authors estimated plant performances from a heat balance model based on a conceptual design of a hybrid plant and calculated the generating costs of the proposed plant from the Japanese cost data of an existing PWR plant and an liquefied natural gas （LNG） combined cycle gas turbine plant. The generating efficiency of an oxy-fuel gas turbine plant without a nuclear steam generator is estimated to be less than 35%. Based on this efficiency, with a nuclear steam generator contributing to the power output of the proposed hybrid plant, the corresponding generating efficiency is estimated to be around 45%, even if the steam conditions are lower than in an existing PWR. The generating costs are 15-20% lower than those calculated from the weighted heat performances of both an oxy-fuel gas turbine plant without a nuclear steam generator and an existing PWR plant.展开更多
The marine shipping industry faces challenges to reduce engine exhaust emissions and greenhouse gases （GHGs） from ships, and in particular, carbon dioxide. International regulatory bodies such as the International M...The marine shipping industry faces challenges to reduce engine exhaust emissions and greenhouse gases （GHGs） from ships, and in particular, carbon dioxide. International regulatory bodies such as the International Maritime Organization and National Environmental Agencies of many countries have issued rules and regulations to drastically reduce GHG and emissions emanating from marine sources. This study investigates the possibility of using natural gas and hydrogen as alternative fuels to diesel oil for marine gas turbines and uses a mathematical model to assess the effect of these alternative fuels on gas turbine thermodynamic performance. Results show that since natural gas is categorized as a hydrocarbon fuel, the thermodynamic performance of the gas turbine cycle using natural gas was close to that of the diesel case. However, the gas turbine thermal efficiency was found to be slightly lower for natural gas and hydrogen fuels compared to diesel fuel.展开更多
A cogeneration plant can run at off-design due to change of load demand or ambient conditions. The cogeneration considered for this study is gas turbine based engine consists of variable stator vanes （VSVs） compress...A cogeneration plant can run at off-design due to change of load demand or ambient conditions. The cogeneration considered for this study is gas turbine based engine consists of variable stator vanes （VSVs） compressor that are re-staggered for loads greater than 50% to maintain the gas turbine exhaust gas temperature at the set value. In order to evaluate the exergetic performance of the cogeneration, exergy model of each cogeneration component is formulated. A 4.2 MW gas turbine based cogeneration plant is analysed for a wide range of part load operations including the effect of VSVs modulation. For loads less than 50%, the major exergy destruction contributors are the combustor and the loss with the stack gas. At full load, the exergy destructions in the combustor, turbine, heat recovery, compressor and the exergy loss with stack gas are 63.7, 14.1, 11.5, 5.7, and 4.9%, respectively. The corresponding first and second law cogeneration efficiencies are 78.5 and 45%, respectively. For comparison purpose both the first and second law efticiencies of each component are represented together. This analysis would help to identify the equipment where the potential for performance improvement is high, and trends which may aid in the design of future plants.展开更多
文摘This paper briefs the configuration and performance of large size gas turbines and their composed combined cycle power plants designed and produced by four large renown gas turbine manufacturing firms in the world, providing reference for the relevant sectors and enterprises in importing advanced gas turbines and technologies.
文摘A supercritical CO2 gas turbine cycle can produce power at high efficiency and the gas turbine is compact compared with the steam turbine. Therefore, it is very advantageous power cycle for the medium temperature range less than 650 ℃. The purpose of this paper is to show how it can be effectively applied not only to the nuclear power but also to the fossil fired power plant. A design of 300 MWe plant has been carried out, where thermal energy of flue gas leaving a CO2 heater is utilized effectively by means of economizer and a high cycle thermal efficiency of 43.4 % has been achieved. Since the temperature and the pressure difference of the CO2 heater are very high, the structural design becomes very difficult. It is revealed that this problem can be effectively solved by introducing a double expansion turbine cycle. The component designs of the CO2 heater, the economizer, supercritical CO2 turbines, compressors and the recuperators are given and it is shown that these components have good performances and compact sizes.
文摘The authors propose a new closed cycle oxy-fuel gas turbine power plant that utilizes a nuclear heat generator. A pressurized water reactor （PWR） is designed to supply saturated steam to an oxy-fuel gas turbine for a specific power output increase The saturated steam from the reactor can have lower pressure and temperature than those of an existing PWR. In this study, the authors estimated plant performances from a heat balance model based on a conceptual design of a hybrid plant and calculated the generating costs of the proposed plant from the Japanese cost data of an existing PWR plant and an liquefied natural gas （LNG） combined cycle gas turbine plant. The generating efficiency of an oxy-fuel gas turbine plant without a nuclear steam generator is estimated to be less than 35%. Based on this efficiency, with a nuclear steam generator contributing to the power output of the proposed hybrid plant, the corresponding generating efficiency is estimated to be around 45%, even if the steam conditions are lower than in an existing PWR. The generating costs are 15-20% lower than those calculated from the weighted heat performances of both an oxy-fuel gas turbine plant without a nuclear steam generator and an existing PWR plant.
文摘The marine shipping industry faces challenges to reduce engine exhaust emissions and greenhouse gases （GHGs） from ships, and in particular, carbon dioxide. International regulatory bodies such as the International Maritime Organization and National Environmental Agencies of many countries have issued rules and regulations to drastically reduce GHG and emissions emanating from marine sources. This study investigates the possibility of using natural gas and hydrogen as alternative fuels to diesel oil for marine gas turbines and uses a mathematical model to assess the effect of these alternative fuels on gas turbine thermodynamic performance. Results show that since natural gas is categorized as a hydrocarbon fuel, the thermodynamic performance of the gas turbine cycle using natural gas was close to that of the diesel case. However, the gas turbine thermal efficiency was found to be slightly lower for natural gas and hydrogen fuels compared to diesel fuel.
文摘A cogeneration plant can run at off-design due to change of load demand or ambient conditions. The cogeneration considered for this study is gas turbine based engine consists of variable stator vanes （VSVs） compressor that are re-staggered for loads greater than 50% to maintain the gas turbine exhaust gas temperature at the set value. In order to evaluate the exergetic performance of the cogeneration, exergy model of each cogeneration component is formulated. A 4.2 MW gas turbine based cogeneration plant is analysed for a wide range of part load operations including the effect of VSVs modulation. For loads less than 50%, the major exergy destruction contributors are the combustor and the loss with the stack gas. At full load, the exergy destructions in the combustor, turbine, heat recovery, compressor and the exergy loss with stack gas are 63.7, 14.1, 11.5, 5.7, and 4.9%, respectively. The corresponding first and second law cogeneration efficiencies are 78.5 and 45%, respectively. For comparison purpose both the first and second law efticiencies of each component are represented together. This analysis would help to identify the equipment where the potential for performance improvement is high, and trends which may aid in the design of future plants.
