针对高渗透率分布式新能源接入低压配电网中引起局部节点电压偏高的问题,提出考虑空调群虚拟储能的配电网电压无功优化控制模型。首先基于楼宇蓄热特性对电热虚拟储能进行建模,该模型以配电网日运行成本、电压偏差最小为目标函数,采用...针对高渗透率分布式新能源接入低压配电网中引起局部节点电压偏高的问题,提出考虑空调群虚拟储能的配电网电压无功优化控制模型。首先基于楼宇蓄热特性对电热虚拟储能进行建模,该模型以配电网日运行成本、电压偏差最小为目标函数,采用多目标模糊规划模型,合理控制配电网中分布式能源、储能电池、静止无功补偿装置(static var generator,SVG)和上级电网的输出功率。最后以南方夏季系统运行场景为例,对控制系统进行仿真实验。通过IEEE 33节点系统仿真验证,结果表明:考虑虚拟储能的低压配电网系统在保证建筑内人体舒适度的同时对于维持电压稳定性具有良好的效果,并削减了储能电池充放电次数与深度,降低了配电网的日运行成本。展开更多
The establishment of multi-component catalytic systems on Fe2O3 photoanodes presents considerable potential for significantly enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. In this study, w...The establishment of multi-component catalytic systems on Fe2O3 photoanodes presents considerable potential for significantly enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. In this study, we hydrothermally synthesized a Fe2O3 photoanode. In addition, d-Fe OOH synthesized via dip-coating and hydrothermally prepared h-FeOOH were used as cocatalysts and their synergistic combinations with cobalt phosphate(Co-Pi) were investigated. The synergy between h-FeOOH and Co-Pi was remarkable, whereas that between d-Fe OOH and Co-Pi was negligible. For example, the onset potentials of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH and Co-Pi/d-FeOOH dual catalysts, were cathodically shifted by 270 and 170 m V, respectively. Moreover, the photocurrent density of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode was significantly higher than that of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 one. The synergistic effect of Co-Pi and h-FeOOH could be attributed to the significantly inhibited recombination of surface charges owing to the formation of a p-n junction between β-FeOOH and Fe2O3 and the large contact area between the granular h-FeOOH and Co-Pi. However, the thin amorphous FeOOH layer of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode acted as a hole-transfer medium, and weakly promoted the kinetics of the charge transfer process.展开更多
Recently, the number of system interconnection of the renewable energy such as PV （photovoltaic） generation system and wind power generation system has been increasing drastically. A distribution system with the dis...Recently, the number of system interconnection of the renewable energy such as PV （photovoltaic） generation system and wind power generation system has been increasing drastically. A distribution system with the distributed generation must be operated keeping reliability of power supply and power quality. When high-capacity PV systems are interconnected to the distribution system, the system voltages may be deviated from the upper limit or lower limit of proper voltage in the distribution system. In this study, the authors propose a cooperative voltage control method of the distribution system by the power factor control of plural residential PV systems. In order to verify the validity of the proposal method, the numerical calculations are carried out by using an analytical model of distribution system which interconnected residential PV systems.展开更多
文摘针对高渗透率分布式新能源接入低压配电网中引起局部节点电压偏高的问题,提出考虑空调群虚拟储能的配电网电压无功优化控制模型。首先基于楼宇蓄热特性对电热虚拟储能进行建模,该模型以配电网日运行成本、电压偏差最小为目标函数,采用多目标模糊规划模型,合理控制配电网中分布式能源、储能电池、静止无功补偿装置(static var generator,SVG)和上级电网的输出功率。最后以南方夏季系统运行场景为例,对控制系统进行仿真实验。通过IEEE 33节点系统仿真验证,结果表明:考虑虚拟储能的低压配电网系统在保证建筑内人体舒适度的同时对于维持电压稳定性具有良好的效果,并削减了储能电池充放电次数与深度,降低了配电网的日运行成本。
文摘The establishment of multi-component catalytic systems on Fe2O3 photoanodes presents considerable potential for significantly enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. In this study, we hydrothermally synthesized a Fe2O3 photoanode. In addition, d-Fe OOH synthesized via dip-coating and hydrothermally prepared h-FeOOH were used as cocatalysts and their synergistic combinations with cobalt phosphate(Co-Pi) were investigated. The synergy between h-FeOOH and Co-Pi was remarkable, whereas that between d-Fe OOH and Co-Pi was negligible. For example, the onset potentials of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH and Co-Pi/d-FeOOH dual catalysts, were cathodically shifted by 270 and 170 m V, respectively. Moreover, the photocurrent density of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode was significantly higher than that of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 one. The synergistic effect of Co-Pi and h-FeOOH could be attributed to the significantly inhibited recombination of surface charges owing to the formation of a p-n junction between β-FeOOH and Fe2O3 and the large contact area between the granular h-FeOOH and Co-Pi. However, the thin amorphous FeOOH layer of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode acted as a hole-transfer medium, and weakly promoted the kinetics of the charge transfer process.
文摘Recently, the number of system interconnection of the renewable energy such as PV （photovoltaic） generation system and wind power generation system has been increasing drastically. A distribution system with the distributed generation must be operated keeping reliability of power supply and power quality. When high-capacity PV systems are interconnected to the distribution system, the system voltages may be deviated from the upper limit or lower limit of proper voltage in the distribution system. In this study, the authors propose a cooperative voltage control method of the distribution system by the power factor control of plural residential PV systems. In order to verify the validity of the proposal method, the numerical calculations are carried out by using an analytical model of distribution system which interconnected residential PV systems.
