目的评价使用电子系统对医务人员手卫生依从性的影响。方法采用“health care workers”、“electronic system”、“hand hygiene”,以及“电子系统”和“手卫生”作为关键词,从Ovid、Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane、CINAHL、Clini...目的评价使用电子系统对医务人员手卫生依从性的影响。方法采用“health care workers”、“electronic system”、“hand hygiene”,以及“电子系统”和“手卫生”作为关键词,从Ovid、Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane、CINAHL、ClinicalTrials.gov、知网和万方等网站检索,分析电子系统对医务人员手卫生依从性的影响和可接受性。结果检索到2736篇文献,最终纳入13篇。11项结果表明,使用电子监测系统可以改善手卫生依从性,其中9个研究测得依从率增幅为10%~45%,2个研究分别指出手卫生次数增多16.28次和洗手液用量增加2.215 L;其余1个研究显示依从率降低3.6%,1个研究依从率基本没有变化。医务人员对电子系统产生抵抗心理的主要原因是侵犯隐私、影响健康和设备自身缺陷。结论使用电子系统可以改善医务人员的手卫生依从性,但要考虑电子系统可能带来的潜在影响,未来应探索有效的实施方式,改进电子系统缺陷,更大程度上发挥作用。展开更多
AIM:To test the ability of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) to attenuate intestinal injury in a rat cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (eight eac...AIM:To test the ability of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) to attenuate intestinal injury in a rat cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (eight each):sham-operated control;sham-operated low-dose PHC control (0.6 mg/kg);sham-operated high-dose PHC control (2.0 mg/kg);CPB vehicle control;CPB low-dose PHC (0.6 mg/kg);and CPB high-dose PHC (2.0 mg/kg).Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery 2 h after CPB for determination of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO),D-lactate and endotoxin levels.Spleen,liver,mesenteric lymph nodes and lung were removed for biochemical analyses.Intestinal tissue ultrastructure was examined by electron microscopy.RESULTS:In the sham-operated groups,high-and low-dose-PHC had no significant impact on the levels of DAO,D-lactate and endotoxin,or the incidence of intestinal bacterial translocation (BT).Serum levels of DAO,D-lactate,endotoxin and the incidence of intestinal BT were significantly increased in the surgical groups,compared with the sham-operated groups (0.543 ± 0.061,5.697 ± 0.272,14.75 ± 2.46,and 0/40 vs 1.038 ± 0.252,9.377 ± 0.769,60.37 ± 5.63,and 30/40,respectively,all P < 0.05).PHC alleviated the biochemical and histopathological changes in a dosedependent manner.Serum levels of DAO,D-lactate,and endotoxin and the incidence of intestinal BT in the high-dose PHC group were significantly lower than in the low-dose PHC group (0.637 ± 0.064,6.972 ± 0.349,29.64 ± 5.49,and 14/40 vs 0.998 ± 0.062,7.835 ± 0.330,38.56 ± 4.28,and 6/40,respectively,all P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:PHC protects the structure and function of the intestinal mucosa from injury after CPB in rats.展开更多
文摘目的评价使用电子系统对医务人员手卫生依从性的影响。方法采用“health care workers”、“electronic system”、“hand hygiene”,以及“电子系统”和“手卫生”作为关键词,从Ovid、Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane、CINAHL、ClinicalTrials.gov、知网和万方等网站检索,分析电子系统对医务人员手卫生依从性的影响和可接受性。结果检索到2736篇文献,最终纳入13篇。11项结果表明,使用电子监测系统可以改善手卫生依从性,其中9个研究测得依从率增幅为10%~45%,2个研究分别指出手卫生次数增多16.28次和洗手液用量增加2.215 L;其余1个研究显示依从率降低3.6%,1个研究依从率基本没有变化。医务人员对电子系统产生抵抗心理的主要原因是侵犯隐私、影响健康和设备自身缺陷。结论使用电子系统可以改善医务人员的手卫生依从性,但要考虑电子系统可能带来的潜在影响,未来应探索有效的实施方式,改进电子系统缺陷,更大程度上发挥作用。
基金Supported by A grant from the Doctor Priming Foundation of Liaoning Province,No. 20091099
文摘AIM:To test the ability of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) to attenuate intestinal injury in a rat cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (eight each):sham-operated control;sham-operated low-dose PHC control (0.6 mg/kg);sham-operated high-dose PHC control (2.0 mg/kg);CPB vehicle control;CPB low-dose PHC (0.6 mg/kg);and CPB high-dose PHC (2.0 mg/kg).Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery 2 h after CPB for determination of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO),D-lactate and endotoxin levels.Spleen,liver,mesenteric lymph nodes and lung were removed for biochemical analyses.Intestinal tissue ultrastructure was examined by electron microscopy.RESULTS:In the sham-operated groups,high-and low-dose-PHC had no significant impact on the levels of DAO,D-lactate and endotoxin,or the incidence of intestinal bacterial translocation (BT).Serum levels of DAO,D-lactate,endotoxin and the incidence of intestinal BT were significantly increased in the surgical groups,compared with the sham-operated groups (0.543 ± 0.061,5.697 ± 0.272,14.75 ± 2.46,and 0/40 vs 1.038 ± 0.252,9.377 ± 0.769,60.37 ± 5.63,and 30/40,respectively,all P < 0.05).PHC alleviated the biochemical and histopathological changes in a dosedependent manner.Serum levels of DAO,D-lactate,and endotoxin and the incidence of intestinal BT in the high-dose PHC group were significantly lower than in the low-dose PHC group (0.637 ± 0.064,6.972 ± 0.349,29.64 ± 5.49,and 14/40 vs 0.998 ± 0.062,7.835 ± 0.330,38.56 ± 4.28,and 6/40,respectively,all P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:PHC protects the structure and function of the intestinal mucosa from injury after CPB in rats.
