实用工具电子尺

电子尺是一种测量长度或空间两点距离的使用工具。传统方法一般使用皮尺测量长度或距离，经常使用会感到皮尺拉收不方便，测量时间较长，效率低，特别是需要大量测距时，其工作量是非常大的，而且皮尺还有不易测量的场合(如：河道宽度，交通繁忙的街道或公路等)。电子尺正是针对皮尺在使用时的弊端而研制的最新专利产品。

火车卸粮坑粮食入仓作业增量改造

在粮食入仓作业过程中,需要配备装卸工人手动开启关闭火车卸粮坑入仓闸门。该种作业方式存在作业效率低、安全系数低、自动化程度低以及劳动强度大等缺点。为提高作业效率,节省劳动成本,本文对火车卸粮坑粮食入仓闸门进行自动化改造。通过引入自动化控制技术、传感技术及远程监控技术,实现放料闸门的远程操控与精准调节,提升粮食装卸效率与安全性。

基于磁致伸缩位移传感器的精密注射成型研究

以注塑机塑化部分位移传感器作为研究对象,分别采用传统电子尺和高精度磁尺作为注塑机的螺杆计量工具。在相同的工艺条件下,比较两种位移传感器的位移计量精度及由此得到的制品质量重复精度。考虑不同工艺条件对于位移传感器工作过程的影响,实验过程中采用了正交实验方法,针对螺杆预塑化量、螺杆转速、注塑速度和熔体背压4个相关工艺参数设定不同参数值进行实验方案的排列。实验结果比较了两种位移传感器的计量精度和工作稳定性,从螺杆位移高精度计量方面为提高精密注塑机制品重复精度探寻解决方案。

基于PLC和触摸屏的机床控制系统设计

提出了基于PLC和触摸屏的机床控制系统设计方案,该方案把PLC与触摸屏很好地结合在一起,组成了多功能监视控制系统.根据高速计数器计数原理,提出了光学电子尺在PLC中的应用,此方法可以准确地实现机床控制系统的坐标定位,工程实例证明,本文提出的设计思想具有有效性和实用性.

Integrated power electronics module based on chip scale packaged power devices

High performance can be obtained for the integrated power electronics module（IPEM） by using a three-dimensional packaging structure instead of a planar structure. A three- dimensional packaged half bridge-IPEM （HB-IPEM）, consisting of two chip scale packaged MOSFETs and the corresponding gate driver and protection circuits, is fabricated at the laboratory. The reliability of the IPEM is controlled from the shape design of solder joints and the control of assembly process parameters. The parasitic parameters are extracted using Agilent 4395A impedance analyzer for building the parasitic parameter model of the HB- IPEM. A 12 V/3 A output synchronous rectifier Buck converter using the HB-IPEM is built to test the electrical performance of the HB-IPEM. Low voltage spikes on two MOSFETs illustrate that the three-dimensional package of the HB-IPEM can decrease parasitic inductance. Temperature distribution simulation results of the HB-IPEM using FLOTHERM are given. Heat dissipation of the solder joints makes the peak junction temperature of the chip drop obviously. The package realizes three-dimensional heat dissipation and has better thermal management.

Bimodal-grained Ti fabricated by high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering

Bimodal-grained Ti containing coarse and fine grains was fabricated by high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the compacts sintered by Ti powders ball-milled for different time were studied. Experimental results indicated that when the ball-milling time increased, the microstructure of sintered Ti was firstly changed from coarse-grained to bimodal-grained structure, subsequently transformed to a homogeneous fine-grained structure. Compared with coarse-grained Ti and fine-grained Ti, bimodal-grained Ti exhibited balanced strength and ductility. The sample sintered from Ti powders ball-milled for 10 h consisting of 65.3% (volume fraction) fine-grained region (average grain size 1 μm) and 34.7% coarse-grained region (grain size > 5 μm) exhibited a compress strength of 1028 MPa as well as a plastic strain to failure of 22%.

PLC在锁反射镜机中的应用

以PLC为核心，用GOT—F900触模屏进行操作，实现了锁螺丝的自动控制，具有参数设置、工艺流程控制、故障报警等功能，适用于各种反射镜的锁紧螺丝任务，具有很好的应用前景。

一种快速液压伺服系统在纸浆蛋托热模机流水生产线的应用

本文介绍液压伺服系统的特点和参数性能,分析了液压伺服系统在纸浆蛋托热模机流水生产线应用的可行性和优点,并就具体纸浆蛋托热模机的工艺介绍了整个系统的具体实施方案。

Structural and Electronic Properties of ConC3-/0 and ConC4-/0 （n=1-4） Clusters： Mass-Selected Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations

We investigated the structural evolution and elecfronic properties of ConC3-/0 and ConC4-/0 （n=1-4） clusters by using mass-selected photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The adiabatic and vertical detachment energies of CO1-4C3- and COl-4C4- were obtained from their photoelectron spectra. By comparing the theoretical results with the experimental data, the global minimum structures were determined. The results indicate that the carbon atoms of ConC3-/0 and ConC4-/0 （n=1-4） are separated from each other gradually with increasing number of cobalt atoms but a C2 unit still remains at n=4. It is interesting that the Co2C3- and Co2C4- anions have planar structures whereas the neutral Co2C3 and Co2C4 have linear structures with the Co atoms at two ends. The Co3C3- anion has a planar structure with a Co2C2 four-membered ring and a Co3C four-membered ring sharing a Co-Co bond, while the neutral Co3C3 is a three-dimensional structure with a C2 unit and a C atom connecting to two faces of the Co3 triangle.

Experimental study on the effects of drying methods on the stabilities of lignite

The drying processes are always applied prior to the transportation or utilization of lignite, and result in notable changes in the stabilities of lignite. In this paper, the study on the effects of nitrogen and MTE drying process on the physico-chemical properties and stabilities of Zhaotung lignite was carried out. The briquettes produced by MTE drying in this study were 150 mm in dimension, and so had a much larger particle size than nitrogen- dried samples. Nitrogen adsorption, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy all suggested that drying was accompanied by the transformation of larger pores into smaller ones. Compared to nitrogen drying, the pore structures could be stabilized by the MTE process. The soluble salts were removed during MTE drying which resulted in the decrease in ash and the concentrations of some of the major metals. The removal of water enhanced the hydrophilicity of nitrogen dried samples, but did not affect the hydrophilicity of MTE dried samples. The moisture holding capacity of MTE dried samples reduced faster than nitrogen dried samples with the decrease of residual moisture content. The moisture readsorption processes of MTE dried sam- ples were strongly inhibited due to the much larger particle size of sample produced by MTE drying than nitrogen drying. The susceptibility to spontaneous combustion, indicated by cross point temperature and self-heating tests, of nitrogen and MTE dried samples increased with the decrease of residual moisture content. The MTE dried samples are more liable to spontaneous combustion than nitrogen dried samples with the same residual moisture and particle size. However, the larger particle size of the MTE product made it more stable with respect to spontaneous combustion and also moisture readsorption.

Si_3N_4/Ni nanocomposite formed by electroplating: Effect of average size of nanoparticulates

Properties of Si3N4/Ni electroplated nanocomposite such as corrosion current density after long time immersion,roughness of obtained layer and distribution of nanometric particulates were studied.Other effective factors for fabrication of nanocomposite coatings were fixed for better studying the effect of the average size of nanoparticulates.The effects of the different average size of nanometric particulates(ASNP)from submicron scale(less than 1μm)to nanometric scale(less than 10 nm)were studied.The nanostructures of surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM).Corrosion rates of the coatings were determined using the Tafel polarization test.It is seen that decreasing the ASNP will lead to lower corrosion current densities;however,in some cases,pitting phenomena are observed.The roughness illustrates a minimum level while the distribution of nanometric particulates is more uniform by decreasing the ASNP.The effects of pulsed current on electrodeposition(frequency,duty cycle)and concentration of nanoparticulates in electrodeposition bath on trend of obtained curves have been discussed.Response surface methodology was applied for optimizing the effective operating conditions of coatings.The levels studied were frequency range between 1 000 and 9 000 Hz,duty cycle between 10%and 90%and concentration of nanoparticulates of 10-90 g/L.

Effect of the Ni size on CH4/CO2 reforming over Ni/MgO catalyst：A DFT study

Carbon deposition is sensitive to the metal particle sizes of supported Ni catalysts in CH_4/CO_2 reforming.To explore the reason of this phenomenon,Ni4,Ni8,and Ni12 which re flect the different cluster thicknesses supported on the MgO(100) slabs,have been employed to simulate Ni/MgO catalysts,and the reaction pathways of CH_4/CO_2 reforming on Nix/MgO(100) models are investigated by density functional theory.The reforming mechanisms of CH_4/CO_2 on different Nix/MgO(100) indicate the energy barriers of CH_4 dissociated adsorption,CH dissociation,and C oxidation three factors are all declining with the decrease of the Ni cluster sizes.The Hirshfeld charges analyses of three steps as described above show only Ni atoms in bottom two layers can obtain electrons from the MgO supporters,and the main electron transfer occurs between adsorbed species and their directly contacted Ni atoms.Due to more electron-rich Ni atoms in contact with the MgO supporters,the Ni/MgO catalysts with small Ni particles have a strong metal particle size effect and lead to its better catalytic activity.

Fabrication and catalytic behavior of hierarchically-structured nylon 6 nanofiber membrane decorated with silver nanoparticles

A hierarchically‐structured nylon 6 (PA6) nanofiber membrane decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was fabricated by electrospinning and impregnation methods. The as‐fabricated hierarchically‐structured Ag/PA6 nanofiber membrane (HS‐Ag/PA6 NM) exhibits a morphology in which Ag NPs are deposited on the surfaces of both thick fibers and thin fibers. The content and size of theAg NPs can be controlled by varying the concentration of the silver colloid solution. Compared with the non‐hierarchically‐structured Ag/PA6 nanofiber membrane, HS‐Ag/PA6 NM has a higher specificsurface area and exhibits a higher degradation rate for methylene blue of 81.8%–98.1% within2 h. HS‐Ag/PA6 NM can be easily recycled and exhibits good reusability. It retains a degradation rate for methylene blue of 83.5% after five consecutive cycles. The hierarchically‐structured nanofiber membrane is therefore a potential nanocatalyst.

Microstructure and tensile properties of as-extruded Mg-Sn-Y alloys

The microstructure and tensile properties of the Mg-1.0%Sn-xY(x=1.5%,3.0%,3.5%,atom fraction)alloys extruded indirectly at 350℃ were investigated by means of optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and tensile test.The mean grain sizes ofα-Mg matrix in the three extruded alloys are 6,8 and 12μm,respectively,slightly increasing with the addition of Y. The relationship between microstructure and strength was discussed in detail.The results show that the addition of Y has little effect on the grain refinement of the as-extruded Mg-Sn based alloys above.The only MgSnY phase is detected in the Mg-Sn-1.5%Y alloy, and the Sn3Y5 phase in the Mg-Sn-3.5%Y alloy,whereas both of them simultaneously exist in the Mg-Sn-3.0%Y alloy.The particle shape of MgSnY and Sn3Y5 phase,inherited from the solidification,has little change before and after hot extrusion.Mg-Sn-3.0%Y alloy has the highest ultimate tensile strength(UTS),305 MPa,by over 50%compared with that of the other two alloys.

Characterization of mechanical properties and microstructures of spark plasma sintered and cryo-rolled AA2024−Y composites

The relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of the spark plasma sintered AA2024 Y composites subjected to cryo-rolling was investigated. Yttrium addition enhances the mechanical properties of the composites by promoting grain refinement and precipitation. However, there is a clear trend of initial increase and later decrease in the properties. Also, it is observed that 0.3 wt.% of yttrium is the optimum amount of reinforcement content to obtain the highest mechanical properties. To further improve the tensile strength of the composites, cryo-rolling was performed on the composites under standard cryogenic conditions by several passes up to a reduction of 25%. The mechanical properties and the corresponding microstructures of composites after cryo-rolling were correlated. The SEM and TEM microstructures reveal that the samples exhibit dual size grains, i.e., nanograins are formed as sub-grains within the actual grain. Due to the grain size reduction and the increase in the dislocation density, the tensile properties are remarkably improved compared to those of the composites before cryo-rolling. The highest mechanical properties like hardness, YS and UTS are found to be 153 HV, 539 MPa and 572 MPa, respectively, with a reasonable ductility in the composite with 0.3 wt.% Y.

Fabrication of chitosan microspheres for efficient adsorption of methyl orange

In this article, morphology, structure and size controllable chitosan microspheres with high mechanical strength were synthesized by microfluidic technology combining chemical crosslinking and used as an adsorbent for methyl orange. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), and an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer(EDS). The effect of pH revealed that the adsorption process depended on pH and the pH variation of methyl orange solution after adsorption indicated that adsorption capacity was affected through the associated role of chitosan nature and pH variation. Experimental results suggested that the as-prepared chitosan microspheres were controlled within a narrow size distribution(coefficients of variation is 1.81%), whose adsorption capacity reached to 207 mg·g^(-1) and mechanical strength was suitable to resist forces. In addition, the adsorption isotherm was well fitted with the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetic was best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The high performance microfluidic-synthesized chitosan microspheres have promising potentials in the applications of removing dyes from wastewater.

Size Effect of a Negatively Charged Exciton in a Two-Dimensional Quantum Dot

In this paper we study a negatively charged exciton （NCE）, which is trapped by a two-dimensional （2D） parabolic potential. By using matrix diagonalization techniques, the correlation energies of the low-lying states with L=0, 1, and 2 are calculated as a function of confinement strength. We find that the size effects of different states are different. This phenomenon can be explained as a hidden symmetry, which is originated purely from symmetry. Based on symmetry, the features of the low-lying states are discussed in the influence of the 2D parabolic potential well. It is found that the confinement may cause accidental degeneracies between levels with different low-excited states. It is shown that the effect of quantum confinement on the binding energy of the heavy hole is stronger than that of a light hole.

Method for grinding and delaminating muscovite

A method of dry grinding muscovite based on the use of knife-mills is reported.It was possible to produce mica with a particle size below 100 and 45μm.After grinding,the samples were submitted to sonication treatment,which promoted delamination of the material.The particle size distribution shows that sonicated mica has more particles in the size range 10-50μm than does non-sonicated mica have. This also indicates a decrease in the average particle size.Characterization of the treated muscovite by scanning electron microscopy revealed a highly delaminated material with a plate-like structure.The products were characterized by chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction,too.This mica has already been used for the synthesis of pearlescent pigments.

The preparation of high concentration alkaline silica sol with the method of vacuum distillation

High concentration alkaline silica sol has been prepared by the method of vacuum distillation, which shows that the stable and high concentration silica sol can be obtained under conditions as follows： 70℃, vacuum degree of 0.095Mpa and dispersant of SDS. The experimental results show that the sol particles size decreases with mass concentration first and then increase, sol viscosity increases with mass concentration during the concentrating process. The TEM method was used to study the dispersion behavior of sol particles, its result showed that sol particles dispersed more uniformly after concentrating process than before concentrating distinctly. It could be concluded that the disperse degree of alkaline silica sol could be increased by addition of right dispersant. The dispersion mechanism of dispersant in alkaline silica sol was also discussed.