数字岩心技术在页岩弹性模量计算中的应用

弹性模量是页岩气勘探开发寻找甜点的一项重要参数,也是直接决定水力压裂效果的重要指标。由于页岩通常具有极高的脆性,很难通过传统岩石力学实验方法来测定其弹性力学特征。为进行弹性模量预测,采用最新的数字岩石物理手段,结合扫描电子显微镜成像、页岩矿物质组分定量确定和有限元数值模拟等方法,通过模拟页岩数字岩心在线弹性范围内的应力应变的响应过程,计算出页岩数字岩心的有效弹性参数,并通过对不同尺寸计算区域的模拟计算结果进行比较,验证了此方法的取样代表性。模拟计算结果与实际测井数据比对也证实了此方法的有效性。

利用液滴实验探究几个典型沉淀反应

利用微量化液滴实验方法，对BaSO4、CaCO3、A1（OH）3、Zn（OH）2、Fe（OH），典型沉淀反应进行探索和条件优化，对沉淀在浊态和干态下的电子显微镜成像表征进行对比考察，达到r耗试剂微量、操作简单、实验仪器经济、实验现象明显、实验结果生动有趣等效果，弥补了常规实验用量大，观察不到反应过程等缺陷，实现了对传统沉淀实验方法的优化和补充。

Historical Development in Soil Micromorphological Imaging

The book ＂micropedolog＂ by Kubieana and a large number of publications has induced many people to practice soil micromorphology. Quantification of the soil fabric and its components was a major challenge. The use of the image analyses in soil science was a breakthrough. Attempts to make soil thin sections go back to the beginning of the 2oth century. Microscopic techniques and recently high resolution electron microscope and use of computer assisted imaging techniques enabled the in vitro study of soils in three dimensional levels. It is now possible to store and process massive amounts of data. Micro- morphological concepts and techniques are applied in paleopedological, ecological, and archaeological studies. The aim of this work was to examine soil micromorphological imaging in historical perspective.

线粒体相关内质网膜及检测方法

线粒体相关内质网膜(mitochondria-associated ER membrane,MAM)是线粒体与内质网之间形成的具有一定功能的动态膜结构。MAM在维持内质网和线粒体正常功能的同时,也广泛参与氧化应激、脂质代谢、自噬、Ca^(2+)稳态等多种生理和病理生理过程调节。随着研究的开展,透射电子显微镜、免疫荧光、邻位连接技术、基于分裂绿色荧光蛋白的接触位点传感器等技术逐渐被用于MAM功能和机制的相关研究,为深入揭示MAM在疾病发生发展中的功能提供了技术支撑。本文主要就目前MAM相关检测方法作一综述,为更好地开展MAM相关研究提供参考和借鉴。

Microwave-assisted in situ synthesis of fluorescent gold nanoclusters with BSA/montmorillonite and application on latent fingermark imaging

A method for in situ preparation of fluorescent gold nanoclusters(Au NCs) with bovine serum albumin/montmorillonite composite powder(Au NC-BSA/MMT) was developed, and the products were used to detect latent fingermarks. In this work, Au NCs were "grown" both inside and on the surface of BSA/MMT clay using one-step reduction of HAu Cl4 by BSA. The as-prepared Au NC-BSA/MMT nanocomposites emit intensive red fluorescence under the excitation of UV-visible light and show stable chemical features and low toxicity. The obtained fluorescent powders were characterized by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy,fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy/high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to depict their sizes, structural information and optical features. Given their environmentally friendly preparation, simple operation, low cost, efficient UVvisible radiation-dependent photoluminescence and good affinity with finger residues, the in situ synthesized Au NC-BSA/MMT nanocomposite powders were used as an alternative fluorescent developing reagent for developing latent fingermarks deposited on various object surfaces(such as glass, aluminum foil, painted metal, plastic products and weighing papers) for individual identification. As results, the developed fingermarks with clear patterns and satisfactory level-2(minutiae points) and level-3(sweat pores) ridge details were obtained. Notably, treated prints could be excited by red light and emitted near infrared fluorescence, which was beneficial to avoid background interference and reduce the damage caused by UV light. With the advantages of the simple preparation process and good enhancement performance for latent fingermarks, the proposed method might be used in the preparation of various fluorescent probes for detecting trace evidence in forensic sciences.

Imaging the atomic-scale electronic states induced by a pair of hole dopants in Ca_(2)CuO_(2)Cl_(2) Mott insulator

We use scanning tunneling microscopy to visualize the atomic-scale electronic states induced by a pair of hole dopants in Ca_(2)CuO_(2)Cl_(2)parent Mott insulator of cuprates.We find that when the two dopants approach each other,the transfer of spectral weight from high energy Hubbard band to low energy ingap state creates a broad peak and nearly V-shaped gap around the Fermi level.The peak position shows a sudden drop at distance around 4 a_(0)and then remains almost constant.The in-gap states exhibit peculiar spatial distributions depending on the configuration of the two dopants relative to the underlying Cu lattice.These results shed important new lights on the evolution of low energy electronic states when a few holes are doped into parent cuprates.