摔跤电子计分系统的研制与开发研究

阐述了摔跤电子计分系统的研制与开发,通过系统平台来代替传统的计分方式。论述了该系统的工作原理及结构设计,对其实用性进行了分析,本计分系统采用集软件与硬件为一体的结构,应用于实际比赛及训练过程中。

基于PLC的电子计分牌设计

本文介绍了如何用三菱F940GOT-LWD-C型触摸屏和三菱FX2N-64MR型PLC实现电子计分牌,从而使电子计分牌达到功能齐全、结构简单、操作方便、稳定可靠的目的。

无线遥控电子篮球记分牌的制作

随着社会的发展、科技的进步以及人们文化生活水平的逐步提高,各种中小型篮球赛事非常普及,这时就需要一种很方便能即时显示比赛的比分、计时、犯规、暂停等各种比赛信息的显示装置。本设计选择PIC16F877A单片机为核心控制元件,设计了日常比赛中用到的篮球记分牌。该单片机篮球记分牌可适应不同篮球规则,通过无线遥控更改篮球比赛运行状态,运行可靠,具有一定的使用价值和竞争价值。

多路数显抢答器

本文设计了一种多路数显抢答器电路,该电路具有声光显示、超时报警与电子计分等多种功能,适用于各种智力竞赛场所。

Computation of Diffusion Activation Energies of C, N in γFe

A structure relaxation model based on the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules is developed to compute the diffusion active energies of C, N in γFe. First, adding a restriction, the lattice maintains rigidity when solute atom migrates to the saddle point. In this step, the hybridization classes of every atom do not change. Then, the restriction is loosed and the atoms are relaxed under the coulomb repulsive forces. It is supposed that the energy needed in the first step would be compensated partly by the second step. In this way, the diffusion active energies of C, N in γFe are computed. Compared with the experiment data, the relative errors are less than 5%, which are good results in the computation of activation energy of diffusion.

Molecular Design and Electronic Structure Investigation of Novel Nitrogen Heteroatom 2-β-Naphthylbenzoxazoles

For the aim of finding new available functional materials, a series of nitrogen heteroatom 2 β naphthylbenzoxazole molecules were designed based on the experiment and theoretical studies of 2 β naphthylbenzoxazole molecule. Geometry optimization of the 2 β naphthylbenzoxazole was carried out by using Hyperchem Molecular Mechanics plus MM+. The planar molecular structure was obtained. The quantum chemistry calculating method PPP SCF CI, which is specially available to treat electron spectrum, was applied to investigate each novel designed molecules. Their electronic structures were analyzed in detail, it shows that total π electron energy decreased linearly with the number of replaced nitrogen. Single nitrogen atom located in benzoxazole ring or naphthalene ring results in contrary changes of level difference of FMO; multiple nitrogen atoms located in different molecular positions will lead to polarization of extremum in the level difference of FMO; and 5 nitrogen heteroatoms reach the culmination. Considering other electronic structure information, some favorable designed molecules were identified.

CT characteristics of ovarian dysgerminoma

Objective: To study the CT features of ovarian dysgerminoma. Methods: CT findings of 11 cases with pathologically-proved dysgerminoma of ovary were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All the 11 cases were solitary. The maximum diameter of lesion was averagely 17.1 cm. The tumor presented as a solid (n = 8) or cystic-solid (n = 3) mass. After contrast medium administration, the solid component of the lesions showed prominent enhancement on CT scan. Blood vessels were found in 5 masses. Of the 11 cases with ovarian dysgerminoma, invasion of adjacent structure (n=4), ascites (n=6) and adenopathy in pelvic wall (n=3) were demonstrated. Conclusion: Ovarian dysgerminoma has its CT characteristics. Associated with clinic data, CT is helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ovarian dysgerminoma.

Multiphoton ionization of acetone-water clusters at 355 nm

The multiphoton ionization of acetone-water clusters were detected at 355 nm laser wavelength by using the time of flight mass spectrometer（TOF-MS）. The experiments show that all products are proto- nated. Three main products such as （CH3COCH3）,-（H2O）n_2 H^＋ , （CH3COCH3）,-（H2O）n-1 H^＋ and （CH3COCH3）,-（H2O）,H^＋ are concluded from the results. In order to study the equilibrium structures of the （CH3 COCH3 ）,-（H2O）n-2 H^＋ , the ab-initio calculation is used on them. The experiment is even done when the volume rate of acetone to water is 1：2.

DFT calculation on relaxation and electronic structure of sulfide minerals surfaces in presence of H_2O molecule

First-principles calculations are performed to investigate the relaxation and electronic properties of sulfide minerals surfaces(MoS2, Sb2S3, Cu2 S, ZnS, PbS and FeS2) in presence of H2 O molecule. The calculated results show that the structure and electronic properties of sulfide minerals surfaces have been influenced in presence of H2 O molecule. The adsorption of the flotation reagent at the interface of mineral-water would be different from that of mineral surface due to the changes of surface structures and electronic properties caused by H2 O molecule. Hence, the influence of H2 O molecule on the reaction of flotation reagent with sulfide mineral surface will attract more attention.

Design and experiment of a laser ionization source for ion mobility spectrometer

The fabrication and characterization of a laser ionization source for ion mobility spectrometer （IMS） is described with the calculated parameter of the drift tube. Ions are created in air at ambient pressure using laser ionization （ A = 248 nm） with air as the drift gas. Mobility spectra for positive ions at different electric fields are obtained with the length of drift tube of 25 and 50 mm, respectively. The distribution of the electric field in the drift tube （50 mm） has also been investigated by SIMION simulation with the ion shutter closed and open respectively.

RADIONUCLIDES IN RICE IN HONG KONG

Radionuclide contents in imported rice are determined using the EG&G ORTEC photon spectrometer system. Most of the natural radionuclides are found to have specific activities below the detectable limit. 40K has values ranging from 0.104to 32.97 Bq/kg; 137Cs from 0.009 to 0.52 Bq/kg; and 95Zr less than 0.077 Bq/kg. The annual effective dose for a male and a female adult is 18μSv and 12.7μSv, respectively. Both are less than the value recommended by the International Commission of Radiological Protection.

Preparation of a novel supported electrode comprising a nickel(Ⅱ)hydroxide-modified carbon paste electrode(Ni(OH)_2-X/CPE)for the electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde

We prepared a novel nickel（II）hydroxide-modified carbon paste electrode（Ni（OH）2-X/CPE）for the electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde.The electrode was prepared by a simple method without the use of linking chemicals.The prepared Ni（OH）2-X/CPE material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry.The electrochemical performance of the proposed electrode was investigated using cyclic voltammetry,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and chronoamperometry.The results indicate that Ni（OH）2-X/CPE exhibits good electrocatalytic activity with regards to formaldehyde oxidation owing to its nanoporous structure and the large surface area of zeolite X.The values of the electron transfer coefficient and the catalytic rate constant were 0.7 and 6.1 × 104 cm3/（mol·s）,respectively.Therefore,the proposed electrode,which showed remarkable electroactivity with regards to formaldehyde oxidation with long-term stability and good reproducibility,could be useful in fuel cells.

Application of NaHCO_3/ DTPA Extractant-ICP Spectrometry Technique in Soil Test for Availability of Nutrients and Heavy Metals

Soil test for availability of nutrients and heavy metals is extensively served as a means for the evaluations of soil fertility, and environmental effects and phytotoxicity of pollutants in soils, and for the fertilizer recommendation in agricultural and environmental sciences. Therefore, great attention has been paid to the measurement of elemental availability in soil test.

An Improved Proportional Integral Estimator of the Stator Resistance for a Direct Torque Controlled Induction Motor

In this paper, an improved PI （proportional integral） stator resistance estimation for a DTC （direct torque controlled） induction motor is proposed. This estimation method is based on an on-line stator resistance correction regarding the variations of the stator current estimation error. In fact, the input variable of the P1 estimator is the stator current estimation error. The main idea is to tune accurately the stator resistance value relatively to the evolution of the stator current estimation error gradient to avoid the drive instability and ensure the tracking of the actual value of the stator resistance. But there is an unavoidable steady state error between the filtered stator current modulus and its estimated value from the dq model of the machine which is due to pseudo random commutations of the inverter switches. This may deteriorate the performance of the proposed fuzzy stator resistance estimator. An offset has been introduced in order to overcome this problem, for different speed command values and load torques. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator was able to successfully track the actual value of the stator resistance lbr different operating conditions.

Preparation and infrared emissivities of alkali metal doped ZnO powders

Alkali metal(Li, Na, K) doped ZnO powders were synthesized by solid-state reaction at different calcination temperatures and holding time. Effects of holding time and K sources on the infrared emissivity of ZnO were investigated. The structure and surface morphologies of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The UV-Vis absorption and infrared emissivities were investigated by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and an infrared emissometer, respectively. XRD patterns confirm the wurtzite structure of the as prepared samples with single phase. Smooth grain surfaces are detected in all doped ZnO samples, while ZnO:Li and ZnO:Na present the aggregation of grains. The redshifts in the optical band-gap are observed in K-, Na-, and Li-doped ZnO with the values 3.150, 3.144, and 3.142 eV. Due to better crystalline quality, ZnO:K shows a lower emissivity than others. The emissivity of K-doped ZnO decreases to the minimum value(0.804), at 1200 °C and holding 2 h. Compared with KNO3 as K source, K2CO3 doped ZnO has lower emissivities.

The Effect of IMF-Bz and F10.7 Solar Flux on Neutral Molecule Density of Ionospheric E-Region

In this study, the relationship between the neutral components （N2 and 02） in the E-region of the ionosphere （at 110 km altitude） for the Singapore （01.23 N; 103.55 E） station in the equatorial region and the FI0.7 solar flux and z-component of Interplanetary Magnetic Field （IMF-Bz） was investigated. This relationship was determined by means of statistical multiple regression model. As a result, it was observed that the changes in F10.7 solar flux and IMF-Bz were inversely proportional to the changes in N2 and 02. 92% and 83% of changes in N2 and O2 were found to be explained by F10.7 solar flux and IMF-Bz, respectively. When the F10.7 solar flux is changed by 1 s.f.u., it causes a decrease of 2.61×10TM m-3 in N2 and 2.96×1014 m-3 in O2. Change of I nT in IMF-Bz causes a decrease of 9.95× 1015 m-3 in N2 and 1.69× 1015 m-3 in O2.

Electronic Transport Calculations Using Maximally-Localized Wannier Functions

I present a method to calculate the ballistic transport properties of atomic-scale structures under bias. The electronic structure of the system is calculated using the Kohn-Sham scheme of density functionai theory （DFT）. The DFT eigenvectors are then transformed into a set of maximaily localized Wannier functions （MLWFs） [N. Maxzari and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B 56 （1997） 12847]. The MLWFs are used as a minimai basis set to obtain the Hamitonian matrices of the scattering region and the adjacent leads, which are needed for transport calculation using the nonequilibrium Green＇s function formalism. The coupling of the scattering region to the semi-infinite leads is described by the self-energies of the leads. Using the nonequilibrium Green＇s function method, one calculates self-consistently the charge distribution of the system under bias and evaluates the transmission and current through the system. To solve the Poisson equation within the scheme of MLWFs I introduce a computationally efficient method. The method is applied to a molecular hydrogen contact in two transition metal monatomic wires （Cu and Pt）. It is found that for Pt the I-V characteristics is approximately linear dependence, however, for Cu the I-V characteristics manifests a linear dependence at low bias voltages and exhibits apparent nonlinearity at higher bias voltages. I have also calculated the transmission in the zero bias voltage limit for a single CO molecule adsorbed on Cu and Pt monatomic wires. While a chemical scissor effect occurs for the Cu monatomic wire with an adsorbed CO molecule, it is absent for the Pt monatomie wire due to the contribution of d-orbitals at the Fermi energy,

Design of Fe （Ⅲ） and Hg （Ⅱ） Ion Selective Electrodes

Principally the basis of ISE is selecting of a support solid matrix and a nonsoluble compound or complexes of insighted cation, mixed with this solid. For preparing the ISE membranes there are some materials such PVC, PE, organic polyelectrolytes, conducting polymers and inorganic compounds. The black white microscope photos are included, too. Detailed schemes and pictures of the electrodes and correlations were shown in the following article. Results are seen compatible for construction of the versatile ISE electrodes.

DNA Imitation Model： Theory and Application

In this article there is an aim to build a realistic electronic model of this amazing molecule, this perhaps will be the basis for constructing of molecular computers. DNA molecule making the complexes with histones and other proteines, their electrostatic interaction cause the electrical polarisation and charges formation on this macromolecule, via charges DNA behavoirs are differentiated In this study analysis of signal is setting out by EWB PC simulation program and oscilloscope devices.

Electrophoretic Deposition of TiO2/Nb2O5 Composite Electrode Thin Films for Photovoltaic Application

Nano sized powders of TiO2 （titanium dioxide） and Nb2O5 （Niobium （V） oxide） were used to fabricate TiO2/Nb2O5 composites thin films by EPD （electrophoretic deposition） technique. The metal oxide powders, together with magnesium nitrate hexahydrate pellets, were suspended in propan-2-ol inside an EPD cell. The electrodes, placed 1.2 cm apart, were partially immersed in the suspension and a DC potential applied across them. Key EPD process parameters, which include applied DC electric field, deposition time and solid concentration in suspension, were optimized through visual inspection and from UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer spectra. The highest （55%） transmittance was obtained for films with deposition time of 90 s, powder concentration of 0.01 g/40 mL, and 35 V DC （direct current） voltage. XRD micrographs confirmed that TiO2 and Nb2O5 particles were presented in the composite film. SEM （scanning electron microscope） micrographs of the composite electrode thin films showed that porous films of high quality with well controlled morphology were deposited by using the EPD technique.