基于计算机辅助工程的电控驱动单元控制器注塑成型优化

基于计算机辅助工程模拟分析了电控驱动单元(EDU)控制器的注塑成型过程,并以熔料温度、模腔温度、保压压力和保压时间为自变量进行正交试验设计,探究安装孔最大轴向同心度的优化方案。基于单点进胶方式得到最佳的浇口位置并建立热流道进胶系统。通过极差与方差分析发现:保压压力及保压时间的影响为极显著,熔料温度的影响为显著;模腔温度的影响为不显著。通过工艺优化,安装孔的最大轴向同心度由初始的0.4882 mm下降至0.3902 mm,降低20.1%,并满足设计要求。优化工艺的仿真模拟及实际试模的结果均显示产品外观及轴向同心度均满足要求,验证了优化工艺的合理性。

瞬时电控气动换挡机构设计与分析

换挡系统的性能直接影响赛车行驶的动态特性,针对FSAE方程式赛车换挡系统的缺点,结合赛车构架和实际需求,通过对气动元件的选型,设计一套电控气动换挡装置,通过作用于序列式变速箱来完成换挡,使整车更趋向于电控智能化.利用SolidWorks软件对系统各元件进行设计建模,验证了设计的可行性和稳定性.

燃烧室EGR策略下汽油CAI燃烧试验Ⅰ:气门定时影响及实现CAI燃烧定时区域

燃烧室EGR策略是实现可控自燃(CAI)的一种有效技术手段.在装备电控液压驱动可变气门机构的单缸机试验系统上,研究了使用燃烧室EGR策略实现CAI燃烧时,进、排气门定时对汽油CAI燃烧的影响.试验结果表明,在1,000,r/min采用对称负气门重叠角(NVO)定时变化时,在NVO为140～240°CA内能够实现CAI燃烧,采用非对称的NVO定时变化,可以拓宽实现CAI燃烧的NVO范围,改善CAI燃烧状态.此外,排气门关闭定时对缸内残余废气量的影响要大于进气门开启定时,在能实现CAI燃烧的气门定时区域内,排气门关闭角(EVC)变化范围较小为50°CA,进气门开启角(IVO)变化范围可达200°CA.

气门升程对汽油CAI燃烧及气门定时区域影响

在改造的4冲程单缸机上,装备自主开发的电控液压驱动全可变气门机构,通过改变进排气门定时和升程截留高温已燃废气实现了汽油均质压燃(CAI)燃烧.通过试验探索了不同升程时的气门定时区域,研究了不同气门升程时,进排气门定时对燃烧的影响.结果表明:在1,000 r/min,采用对称负气门重叠角(NVO)策略,NVO大于180℃A时,发动机实现了正常CAI燃烧;随着气门升程降低,可实现CAI燃烧的NVO区间变大,对应的EGR率也呈增大趋势,NOx排放呈减小趋势.采用非对称NVO策略,拓宽了实现CAI燃烧的NVO范围;相同升程,排气门关闭角(EVC)定时对应EGR率的影响均大于进气门开启角(IVO)定时.气门升程低时,CAI稳定燃烧定时范围大,EVC定时对EGR率的影响显著增强;气门升程高时,可实现CAI燃烧的平均有效压力范围大.

无凸轮轴电液配气机构性能试验

基于1105单缸柴油机,开发了无凸轮轴电液配气机构。介绍了该机构的工作原理并进行了机构性能台架试验;探索了无凸轮轴电液配气机构的气门升程、气门启闭速度和落座冲击的影响因素。试验表明,该系统对气门正时、气门开启持续期和气门升程等参数可以实时控制,达到了设计要求。指出了该机构目前存在的不足及拟采取的措施。

无凸轮轴电液配气机构仿真计算

基于1105单缸柴油机,开发了无凸轮轴电液配气机构,并进行了仿真研究。仿真结果和实验数据曲线的对比表明:气门开启和关闭初期与实际气门升程曲线吻合。本文的研究对无凸轮轴电液配气机构的进一步完善和实用化研究具有重要指导意义。

DAMAGES AND FAILURES OF SMART STRUCTURES

According to some observed dama ge phenomena in the smart structure systems, the issues related to the damage and failures of smart structures are addressed in this paper. A few possible damage patterns and the definition of the failure of the smart structures are given. It is pointed out that more attentions should be paid to the functional failures o f smart structures. The effects on the control the static deformation due to par tial debonding of PZT actuators are analyzed by the finite element method. Preli minary numerical results show that partial debonding of PZT actuators may have a p preciate reduction on their actuating ability thus reducing the control ability and accuracy of the smart structures.

Research and realization of PWM drive control digitalization for the full digital welding power supply

Pulse width modulation （ PWM） drive control digitalization is the key for the full digital invert power supply. New ideas are proposed, which are based on field programmable gate array （ FPGA ）. First, digital PWM principles are discussed. The primary and secondary current characteristics are analyzed when the transformer is in both normal and magnetic bias conditions. Second, two digitalization methods are put forward after the research on PWM adjustment principles, which are based on the primary current feedback. Though the two methods could restrain magnetic bias, their realization is difficult. A new method is researched on double close-loops to overcome the above shortcomings, which uses the secondary current as the feedback signal and the primary current as the protection signal. Finally, the secondary current control made is discussed and realized. Welding experimental results show that the method has strong flexibility and adaptability, which can be used to realize the full digital welding power supply.

Genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization tuned fuzzy PID controller on direct torque control of dual star induction motor

This study presents analysis, control and comparison of three hybrid approaches for the direct torque control (DTC) of the dual star induction motor (DSIM) drive. Its objective consists of combining three different heuristic optimization techniques including PID-PSO, Fuzzy-PSO and GA-PSO to improve the DSIM speed controlled loop behavior. The GA and PSO algorithms are developed and implemented into MATLAB. As a result, fuzzy-PSO is the most appropriate scheme. The main performance of fuzzy-PSO is reducing high torque ripples, improving rise time and avoiding disturbances that affect the drive performance.

Numerical Controlled Two Optical Paths CO_2 Laser Die-Cutting Technology

A CO2 laser die-cutting system, which does not need die board any more, is a new technique for manufac-turing packing box. Two optical paths, the galvanometer scanning system and the flying optical system, are used to satisfy different processing needs. The scanning system is composed of galvanometer scanning mirrors and F-θ lens. And the flying optical system is driven by two servo motors. This paper presents the software and hardware design of the laser die-cutting system, the difference between the two optical paths, as well as the relationship among the cutting speed, thickness of wrapping paper and laser power. The cutting speed and thickness of wrapping paper are linearly increased by the incremental laser power, while the cutting speed is hyperbolically decreased by the incremental thickness of wrapping paper when the laser power is constant. The amount of incision is reduced by 20% and the processing time by 40% when tested by a low power RF CO2 laser die-cutting system using the optimized program. This tech- nique is also used for the reference of other rapid laser processing systems.

摊铺机散热系统设计改进

通过对现用的摊铺机散热系统的研究,发现存在发动机启动转矩大,瞬间对发动机的冲击过大;预热时间过长;冷却不合理导致车辆在低速高负荷时散热不足,在高速低负荷时冷却过度等问题。通过整改设计,采用一套电控液压驱动风扇冷却系统,能有效地克服上述问题。

Development of Multi-Fingered Prosthetic Hand Using Shape Memory Alloy Type Artificial Muscle

A new prosthetic hand with a fixed thumb and four fingers actuated by Shape Memory Alloy （SMA） type artificial muscle has been developed in this paper. Different from typical geared motor, SMA actuator is lightweight and silent, however shows a little short stroke and small attracting force per each unit. In order to achieve enough output force and motion range of each finger, multiple SMA type artificial muscles with special device which facilitates enough length are equipped in the hand. The fundamental properties of the SMA type artificial muscle including output force and electrical response were determined experimentally and considered for the design of hand mechanism. Besides, the structure of each finger and whole system has been designed based on observation of human hand. The electrical hardware to control multiple shape memory alloy type artificial muscles has been also developed. Finally, the usefulness of the prosthetic hand has been investigated through experiments for grasping several types of objects.

Simulation on model predictive control for PMSM drive system based on double extended state observer

A novel double extended state observer(DESO)based on model predictive torque control(MPTC)strategy is developed for three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drive system without current sensor.In general,to achieve high-precision control,two-phase current sensors are necessary for successful implementation of MPTC.For this purpose,two ESOs are used to estimate q-axis current and stator resistance respectively,and then based on this,d-axis current is estimated.Moreover,to reduce torque and flux ripple and to improve the performance of the torque and speed,MPTC strategy is designed.The simulation results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Separate Dimming Controlling and Data Transmission for an Indoor Visible Light Communication System

Simultaneous dimming controlling and data transmission are usually required in a white LED based indoor visible light communication system.However,the diming controlling of LED normally interferes the data transmission due to the modulation nonlinearity of LED.In order to solve this problem,a scheme by separating the LEDs for the functions of dimming control and data transmission respectively is proposed in this paper.In the scheme,the LEDs used for dimming control function are driven by a dc amplified circuit,and the LEDs for data transmission are driven by a digital modulation circuit respectively.In this way,the modulation distortion to the data signal caused by the modulation nonlinearity can be avoided even if the dimming is at high level dc driven current.The proof-of-concept experiment of a 2.5Mbit/s visible light communication system demonstrates that the dimming controlling and data transmission can be realized simultaneously in a simple way,and the data transmission is not affected by the dimming controlling function.Compared to previous methods,the scheme in this paper is simpler and cost effective,and makes sense when high rate data is transmitted in a visible light communication system.

Researches On The Design And Application Of DSP Multi- motor Collaborative Control System

As an important branch in the field of servo control, multi-motor coordination motion control applications are increasingly widespread.For open CNC system requirement, taking DSP as master core, combing with specific integrated stepper motor driver chip LMDI8201T, this designed a serial communication-based new collaborative multi-motor control system, which has characters of highly integrated, good stability, real-time, convenient man-machine interface.The test results show that the system fully meet performance requirements and achieved the motion control functions.

Modern Control and Diagnostic System of Traction Vehicle with Hybrid Drive System

In paper it introduced a review of modem traction vehicle drive system with induction motor drive system （PMSM with single or dual rotor drive system） or BLDC motor with different configuration of magnetic circuits. For particular part of drive system proposed a quasi intelligent control system version smart control enables multi criteria predictive control of vehicle work. In the paper presented also a selected diagnostic procedure, enables monitoring exploitation parameters, and prediction of probable failure state. For different vehicle work state realized a simulation models and crash test of exploitations failure models.

Control allocation algorithm for over-actuated electric vehicles

A control allocation algorithm based on pseudo-inverse method was proposed for the over-actuated system of four in-wheel motors independently driving and four-wheel steering-by-wire electric vehicles in order to improve the vehicle stability. The control algorithm was developed using a two-degree-of-freedom(DOF) vehicle model. A pseudo control vector was calculated by a sliding mode controller to minimize the difference between the desired and actual vehicle motions. A pseudo-inverse controller then allocated the control inputs which included driving torques and steering angles of the four wheels according to the pseudo control vector. If one or more actuators were saturated or in a failure state, the control inputs are re-allocated by the algorithm. The algorithm was evaluated in Matlab/Simulink by using an 8-DOF nonlinear vehicle model. Simulations of sinusoidal input maneuver and double lane change maneuver were executed and the results were compared with those for a sliding mode control. The simulation results show that the vehicle controlled by the control allocation algorithm has better stability and trajectory-tracking performance than the vehicle controlled by the sliding mode control. The vehicle controlled by the control allocation algorithm still has good handling and stability when one or more actuators are saturated or in a failure situation.

Passive Velocity Field Control of a Redundant Cable-Driven Robot with Tension Limitations

This paper proposes a novel dynamic control approach for a cable-driven robot with high redundant actuation and cable tension limitations to perform tracking task while interacting with environment. In order for a cable-driven exoskeleton robot to execute the task smoothly and safely, it is necessary to consider the tracking motion performance as well as passivity when interacting with the environment under the conditions of the actuation cables＇ redundancy and the pulling limitation. With the additional consideration of the maximum limitation of the cable tension, cable-driven robot actually can only apply a certain range of feasible wrench on the external environment, which makes the task executed by robot be restricted. In order to make designed wrench be feasible and keep the desired trajectory tracking ability, we present a new control method by extending PVFC （passive velocity field control） method considering tracking stability and passivity. The approach augmented a higher dimensional virtual flywheel dynamics in a specific orthogonal complement space of the cable＇s actuation space. After the final adjustment of the designed wrench with respect to the cable＇s constraint, this method is capable of driving the cable robot to complete the trajectory tracking task and realize the passivity.

Disturbance observer based position tracking of electro-hydraulic actuator

A nonlinear controller based on an extended second-order disturbance observer is presented to track desired position for an electro-hydraulic single-rod actuator in the presence of both external disturbances and parameter uncertainties. The proposed extended second-order disturbance observer deals with not only the external perturbations, but also parameter uncertainties which are commonly regarded as lumped disturbances in previous researches. Besides, the outer position tracking loop is designed with cylinder load pressure as output; and the inner pressure control loop provides the hydraulic actuator the characteristic of a force generator. The stability of the closed-loop system is provided based on Lyapunov theory. The performance of the controller is verified through simulations and experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed nonlinear position tracking controller, together with the extended second-order disturbance observer, gives an excellent tracking performance in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbance.

Simulation on Driving System Used for Differential Steering of Electric Scooter

To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed control system used for driving and steering of an electric scooter, a model of differential steering was developed. The function of electronic differential steering was realized by controlling the speed of right or left wheel and the corresponding speed difference. The control system was simulated with MATLAB/SIMUL1NK and ADAMS. It is found that the motor load torque is proportional to the tire vertical force, so the adhesive capacity is met. The electric scooter can operate stably on the slope road at a speed of more than 1.5 m/s and turn stably at yawing velocities of 10° and 90°per second.