海水抽水蓄能技术及其展望

一般而言,抽水蓄能电站都是伴随着包括上下游水库建设在内的大规模土木工程,因而对其周围环境的影响常常成为人们关注的焦点,其建设地点的选定也容易受到来自环境评价的限制.日本四周环海,将来有可能利用海水进行抽水蓄能发电.海水抽水蓄能发电可以把海洋作为下游或者上游水库,从而大幅度地降低建设费用.就日本而言,由于可以确保冷却水,所以在海岸边建设了多座火电站和核电站,再于其周边地区建设海水抽水蓄能电站,则有利于整个电网系统的运作及送电成本的降低.然而,海水环境与传统的淡水环境相比,其腐蚀严重、运行条件苛刻,在防蚀方面有很多问题仅仅凭传统的技术是难以解决的.因此,作为国家的项目之一,受通商产业省(目前的经济产业省)的委托,在位于日本南端诸岛之一的冲绳岛上,建造了以海水为工作介质的真机试验电站.该真机试验电站是世界上首座海水抽水蓄能电站,1999年3月建成后开始了计划为期5年的真机试验,现在已经过去了2年.现将海水抽水蓄能发电用水泵水轮机的设计及真机试验结果加以介绍.

Research on the Anticorrosion Coating Under the Paved Layer for Highway Steel Box Bridge Deck

The corrosion of the anticorrosion coating and the defects of the asphalt concrete paved layer have been investigated on long-span steel box bridge decks. The anticorrosion coating lies in the midclle of two entirely different materials： a highway steel box bridge deck and a paved layer, which is used as anticorrosion and waterproof coating for the steel bridge deck. For our study, electrochemical corrosion and pull strength experiments have been selected for the investigation of the corrosion properties of inorganic zinc rich coating, epoxy zinc rich coating and arc sprayed zinc coating. The adhesive strength between the coatings and the panel, and the effect of the coating corrosion on the shear properties of the paved layers including cast asphalt, thermal asphalt mortar, epoxy asphalt and modified asphalt con- crete have been investigated. The results show that the adhesive strength between the coatings and the bridge panel is controlled by the method of pre-processing rust removal. Coating by sandblasting has stronger adhesive strength than coating by shot peening. The results also reveal that shear strength of the paved layer is affected by the corrosion product of zinc coating. The arc sprayed zinc coating has stronger shear strength than zinc rich coatings.