良好的控制策略是实现并联型有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)补偿功能的关键。由于并联型APF常规电流PI控制方法的闭环增益受系统稳定性条件约束,并联型APF对负载主要谐波分量补偿不充分。针对该问题,提出一种用于APF的新型选...良好的控制策略是实现并联型有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)补偿功能的关键。由于并联型APF常规电流PI控制方法的闭环增益受系统稳定性条件约束,并联型APF对负载主要谐波分量补偿不充分。针对该问题,提出一种用于APF的新型选择性谐波电流控制策略。该控制策略在常规电流PI控制策略的基础上,对负载电流主要谐波(该文主要指5次、7次谐波)单独提取与控制,而对其余次谐波采用一个常规电流PI控制器控制。该设计方法,增大了系统对主要谐波分量的跟踪增益,提高了APF对谐波的补偿率,实现了控制系统更好的频率响应。将该方法应用于实验室制作的一台30 kVA并联型APF实验装置,可将电流总谐波畸变率(total harmonic distortion,THD)由23.21%补偿为3.75%。仿真与实验结果证明了以上结论。展开更多
为提高有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)的补偿性能和动态响应,提出采用选择性谐波补偿控制策略对待补偿谐波分量进行跟踪。针对普速和高速电力机车负荷特性,采用基于同步基波旋转坐标系的谐波电流检测方法及矢量比例积分(vecto...为提高有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)的补偿性能和动态响应,提出采用选择性谐波补偿控制策略对待补偿谐波分量进行跟踪。针对普速和高速电力机车负荷特性,采用基于同步基波旋转坐标系的谐波电流检测方法及矢量比例积分(vector proportional-integral,VPI)调节器的选择谐波补偿方式,以减少电流控制环节的运算量,在补偿装置容量有限时可以选择补偿危害最大的谐波成分并提高待补偿谐波分量的跟踪精度。最后通过MATLAB仿真研究,电流总畸变率(total harmonic distortion,THD)由33.9%降至2.99%,负序与无功问题均得到解决,验证了VPI控制方法可以有效提高补偿精度,指令电流为混合谐波指令时,可以对其中主要次数谐波进行有效选择及跟踪,跟踪误差小,动态响应快,能够解决电气化铁路中的电能质量问题。展开更多
Copper and cadmium ions were selectively separated from zinc sulphate aqueous solution or zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution by low current density electrolysis.It was shown that the concentration of cadm...Copper and cadmium ions were selectively separated from zinc sulphate aqueous solution or zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution by low current density electrolysis.It was shown that the concentration of cadmium ion in zinc sulphate solution decreased from 4.56 g/L to 0.18 g/L in an electrolysis time of 8.5 h,whilst it decreased from 5.16 g/L to lower than 0.005 g/L in zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution.On the other hand,the deposition rate of copper was so low that it was difficult to separate copper and cadmium ions from the zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution during electrolysis.But copper ion could be decreased to 0.002 g/L in this solution through solvent extraction by using kerosene diluted LIX984N as extractant.Therefore,it is favorable to recover cadmium ion from the zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate solution by electrolysis after solvent extraction of copper.展开更多
A new series of poly(arylene piperidinium)-based anion exchange membranes(AEMs)are proposed for vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs).The AEMs are fabricated via the Menshutkin reaction between poly(arylene piperidine)...A new series of poly(arylene piperidinium)-based anion exchange membranes(AEMs)are proposed for vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs).The AEMs are fabricated via the Menshutkin reaction between poly(arylene piperidine)without ether bonds in the backbone and various quaternizing agents,including iodomethane,1-bromopentane,and(5-bromopentyl)-trimethylammonium bromide.The properties of the AEMs are investigated in terms of sulfuric acid doping content,swelling,vanadium permeability,ion selectivity,area-specific resistance,mechanical properties,VRFB performance,and cyclic testing.Particularly,a method of measuring the H^(+) permeability of the AEM is developed.It demonstrates that the poly(p-terphenyl-N-methylpiperidine)-quaternary ammonium(PTP-QA)membrane with a QA cation-tethered alkyl chain exhibits high H^(+) permeability,resulting in low area resistance.Combined with its low vanadium permeance,the PTP-QA membrane achieves nearly 370 times higher ion selectivity than Nafion 115.The VRFB based on PTP-QA-based AEM displays high Coulombic efficiencies above 99% at current densities of 80-160 mA cm^(-2).The higher energy efficiency of 89.8% is achieved at 100 mA cm^(-2)(vs.73.6% for Nafion 115).Meanwhile,the PTPQA-based AEM shows good cycling stability and capacity retention,proving great potential as the ion exchange membrane for VRFB applications.展开更多
基金Projects(50774014,50734005) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA03Z514) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘Copper and cadmium ions were selectively separated from zinc sulphate aqueous solution or zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution by low current density electrolysis.It was shown that the concentration of cadmium ion in zinc sulphate solution decreased from 4.56 g/L to 0.18 g/L in an electrolysis time of 8.5 h,whilst it decreased from 5.16 g/L to lower than 0.005 g/L in zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution.On the other hand,the deposition rate of copper was so low that it was difficult to separate copper and cadmium ions from the zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution during electrolysis.But copper ion could be decreased to 0.002 g/L in this solution through solvent extraction by using kerosene diluted LIX984N as extractant.Therefore,it is favorable to recover cadmium ion from the zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate solution by electrolysis after solvent extraction of copper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51603031)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(N2005026)+1 种基金Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(20180550871 and 2020-MS-087)the Innovation Fund Denmark(DanFlow)。
文摘A new series of poly(arylene piperidinium)-based anion exchange membranes(AEMs)are proposed for vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs).The AEMs are fabricated via the Menshutkin reaction between poly(arylene piperidine)without ether bonds in the backbone and various quaternizing agents,including iodomethane,1-bromopentane,and(5-bromopentyl)-trimethylammonium bromide.The properties of the AEMs are investigated in terms of sulfuric acid doping content,swelling,vanadium permeability,ion selectivity,area-specific resistance,mechanical properties,VRFB performance,and cyclic testing.Particularly,a method of measuring the H^(+) permeability of the AEM is developed.It demonstrates that the poly(p-terphenyl-N-methylpiperidine)-quaternary ammonium(PTP-QA)membrane with a QA cation-tethered alkyl chain exhibits high H^(+) permeability,resulting in low area resistance.Combined with its low vanadium permeance,the PTP-QA membrane achieves nearly 370 times higher ion selectivity than Nafion 115.The VRFB based on PTP-QA-based AEM displays high Coulombic efficiencies above 99% at current densities of 80-160 mA cm^(-2).The higher energy efficiency of 89.8% is achieved at 100 mA cm^(-2)(vs.73.6% for Nafion 115).Meanwhile,the PTPQA-based AEM shows good cycling stability and capacity retention,proving great potential as the ion exchange membrane for VRFB applications.
