卷式纳滤膜的结构参数和荷电特性参数

膜的结构参数(细孔半径、孔隙率与膜厚之比)与荷电特性参数(荷电密度)是纳滤膜最重要的特征参数,也是影响膜分离性能的关键因素.通过卷式纳滤膜NF90和NF270膜的透过实验,应用Spiegler-Kedem方程结合透过实验数据求得膜的反射系数和溶质透过系数,进而应用细孔模型和TMS模型求得NF90和NF270膜的细孔半径分别为0.46 nm和0.60 nm,孔隙率与膜厚之比分别为0.99×105m-1和1.14×105m-1,荷电密度随膜面电解质浓度的增大成线性增大,可分别表示为X(NF90)=54.89Cm+175.85与X(NF270)=6.20Cm+6.55.

基于神经网络的固体氧化物燃料电池电堆建模

针对现有的固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)模型过于复杂,难以满足工程上对SOFC系统实时控制设计的需要,提出了利用遗传算法(GA)优化径向基函数(RBF)神经网络实现对SOFC电堆建模。在建模过程中,利用遗传算法优化RBF神经网络的输出权值及高斯基函数的中心向量和基宽向量,采用优化后的参数作为网络初始值,然后利用梯度下降法对各参数进行调整。通过仿真对该建模的有效性和建模精度进行了检验。

Aging Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Under Fast Charging Based on Electrochemical-thermalmechanical Coupling Model

The aging characteristics of lithium-ion battery(LIB)under fast charging is investigated based on an electrochemical-thermal-mechanical(ETM)coupling model.Firstly,the ETM coupling model is established by COMSOL Multiphysics.Subsequently,a long cycle test was conducted to explore the aging characteristics of LIB.Specifically,the effects of charging(C)rate and cycle number on battery aging are analyzed in terms of nonuniform distribution of solid electrolyte interface(SEI),SEI formation,thermal stability and stress characteristics.The results indicate that the increases in C rate and cycling led to an increase in the degree of nonuniform distribution of SEI,and thus a consequent increase in the capacity loss due to the SEI formation.Meanwhile,the increases in C rate and cycle number also led to an increase in the heat generation and a decrease in the heat dissipation rate of the battery,respectively,which result in a decrease in the thermal stability of the electrode materials.In addition,the von Mises stress of the positive electrode material is higher than that of the negative electrode material as the cycling proceeds,with the positive electrode material exhibiting tensile deformation and the negative electrode material exhibiting compressive deformation.The available lithium ion concentration of the positive electrode is lower than that of the negative electrode,proving that the tensile-type fracture occurring in the positive material under long cycling dominated the capacity loss process.The aforementioned studies are helpful for researchers to further explore the aging behavior of LIB under fast charging and take corresponding preventive measures.

Small Signal Equivalent Circuit Model and Modulation Properties of Vertical Cavity-Surface Emitting Lasers

Small signal equivalent circuit model and modulation properties of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers(VCSEL's) are presented.The modulation properties both in analytic equation calculation and in circuit model simulation are studied.The analytic equation calculation of the modulation properties is calculated by using Mathcad program and the circuit model simulation is simulated by using Pspice program respectively.The results of calculation and the simulation are in good agreement with each other.Experiment is performed to testify the circuit model.

Synthetic Performance Simulation of E-Car HS2000

The simulation model of the E car HS2000 including the permanent magnetic direct current motor with the augment magnet winding is constructed based on tests in order to simulate the synthetic performance of the electric car. The performance of E car HS2000 is analyzed by means of modeling and programming according to data acquired during tests. The simulation results show that the performance of E car HS2000 is successfully predicted and the model and the corresponding simulation software are feasible for simulating E cars. They can be used as effective tools for analyzing the performance parameters as well as specifications of E cars during prototype stage.

Development of Numerical Model for Radio Frequency Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges in Argon

A one-dimensional,self-consistent fluid model is developed for a computational investigation on discharge characteristics and dynamics of radio frequency(RF) glow discharges in atmospheric argon,which are demonstrated through the spatial and temporal profiles of plasma species,electric field,and mean electron energy.Furthermore,in the discharge current density range from 7.1 mA/cm2 to 119.5 mA/cm2,different discharge operation modes of α and γ are indicated by changing differential conductivity of voltage-current characteristics and sheath dynamics in terms of sheath voltage and sheath thickness.

Structural-acoustic coupling characteristics of honeycomb sandwich plate based on parameter sensitivity analysis

The structural-acoustic coupling model for isotropic thin elastic plate was extended to honeycomb sandwich plate(HSP) by applying Green function method.Then an equivalent circuit model of the weakly-strongly coupled system was proposed.Based on that,the estimation formulae of the coupled eigenfrequency were derived.The accuracy of the theoretical predictions was checked against experimental data,with good agreement achieved.Finally,the effects of HSP design parameters on the system coupling degree,the acoustic cavity eigenfrequency,and sound pressure response were analyzed.The results show that mechanical and acoustical characteristics of HSP can be improved by increasing the thickness of face sheet and reducing the mass density of material.

CFD simulation of high-temperature effect on EHD characteristics in a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator

A computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model is carried out to describe the wire-plate electrostatic precipitator （ESP） in high temperature conditions, aiming to study the effects of high temperature on the electro- hydrodynamic （EHD） characteristics. In the model, the complex interactions at high temperatures between the electric field, fluid dynamics and the particulate flow are taken into account. We apply different numerical methods for different fields, including an electric field model, Euler-Lagrange particle-laden flows model, and particle charging model. The effects of high temperature on ionic wind, EHD characteristics and collection effi- ciency are investigated. The numerical results show high temperature causes more significant effects of the ionic wind on the gas secondary flow. High viscosity of gas at high temperature makes particles follow the gas flow pattern more closely. High temperature reduces the surface electric strength, so that the mean electric strength weakens the space charging. On the contrary, there is an increase in the diffusion charging at high tem- perature compared with at low temperature. High temperature increases the ratio of mean drag force over mean electrostatic force actin~ on the ~atticles which mav contribute to a decline of collection efficiencv.

Analysis of low energy arc discharge characteristics based on dynamic V-A characteristics model

Low energy arc discharge characteristics was analyzed based on dynamic V-A characteristics model. It draws conclusions that discharge time relates to the source voltage and the product of inductance and stable current, discharge time will increase when the source voltage increases; current reduce rate is in inverse proportion to the value of inductance; arc resistance when the arc occurs is the ratio of minimum arcing voltage to stable current. It also gains the expressions of arc resistance and arc power, arc resistance and arc power both increase as the source voltage increases and decrease as the value of inductance increases. Conclusions above mentioned are helpful to design intrinsically safe circuits.

Electromechanical coupling model and analysis of transient behavior for inertial vibrating machines

A mathematical model of electromechanical coupling system for a planar inertial vibrating machine is built by setting up dynamical equations of discrete systems with a matrix methodology proposed. The substance of the transient behavior of the machine is unveiled by analyzing the results of the computer simulation to the model, and new methods are presented for diminishing the transient amplitude of the vibrating machine and improving the transient behavior. The reliable mathematical model is provided for intelligent control of the transient behavior of the equipment.

Qualification of Three Analytical Wake Models

The decrease of wind velocity （wake losses） in downstream area of wind turbine is generally quantified using wake models. The overall estimated power of wind farm varies according to reliability of wake model used, however it＇s unclear which model is most appropriate and able to give a high performance in predicting wind velocity deficit. In this subject, a qualification of three analytical wake models （Jensen, lshihara and Frandsen） based on three principal criteria is presented in this paper： （i） the parsimony which characterizes the inverse of model complexity, （ii） the accuracy of estimation in which wake model is compared with the experimental data and （iii） imprecision that is related to assumptions and uncertainty on the value of variables considered in each model. This qualitative analysis shows the inability of wake models to predict wind velocity deficit due to the big uncertainty of variables considered and it sensitivity to wind farm characteristic.

Near-Origin Structure of the Hooke's Atoms

The Hooke＇s atoms with two or more than two electrons give rise to an interesting quantum mechanical model with valuable practical applications. In this work, we study the electronic properties near the origin of the harmonic potential. It is seen that the spherically averaged density, ~, exhibits an interesting character -- it has only even order terms in its small r expansion. The spherical average of the Hartree potential, ~, and the spherical average of the Kohn-Sham exchange-correlation potential, 9~c, are also shown to have the same property -- all odd order terms in their expansions vanish. F^rthermore, the analysis and results extend also to the case of two-dimensional models. While only models interacting via. the Coulomb potential are primarily considered in the article, the results also extend to models interacting via. other potentials （viz. Van der Waals potential）.

Research on the Response Characteristics of Solenoid Valve of the Air-jet Loom by Simulation

Solenoid valve is one of the executive parts of weft insertion control system. According to the response characteristics of the solenoid valve, an improved design becomes a necessity. Firstly, the numerical model was established after analyzing the solenoid valve during its start-up and shut-down. Comparing the simulation data with the practical data, it is verified that the numerical simulation model has a high feasibility. Secondly, excitation voltage and spring pre-compression were adjusted respectively, and the response rules after adjusting were investigated. The research of the study shows: the response time tends to be inverse proportional to the excitation voltage during start-up, and it becomes a constant value with the increase of the excitation voltage; the response time is proportional to the spring pre-compression when the solenoid valve starts up, it is inverse proportional to spring pre-compression when the solenoid valve shuts down. And the total response time is a constant value with the increase of the spring pre-compression. Therefore, the value of the excitation voltage and the spring pre-compression should be selected when the curve is becoming flatten. The results of the research can provide the reference to the further development of the solenoid valve.