Aim: The present project is to seek the possible electrical stimulation parameter by which wind-up of withdrawal reflex of rats and set up a appropriate animal model for recording the withdrawal reflex of wind-up phen...Aim: The present project is to seek the possible electrical stimulation parameter by which wind-up of withdrawal reflex of rats and set up a appropriate animal model for recording the withdrawal reflex of wind-up phenomenon. Meanwhile, a parallel comparison will be made between the recording of withdrawal reflex and dorsal horn (DH) neuron responses in order to investigate the possible correlation associated with sensory and motor interaction of pain information via simultaneous recording. On the other hand, another comparison展开更多
AIM: To investigate the electric and contractile mechanisms involved in the deranged function of the transposed stomach in relation to the course of the symptoms and the changes in contractile and electrical parameter...AIM: To investigate the electric and contractile mechanisms involved in the deranged function of the transposed stomach in relation to the course of the symptoms and the changes in contractile and electrical parameters over time.METHODS: Twenty-one patients after subtotal esophagectomy and 18 healthy volunteers were studied.Complaints were compiled by using a questionnaire, and a symptom score was formed. Synchronous electrogastrography and gastric manometry were performed in the fasting state and postprandially.RESULTS: Eight of the operated patients were symptomfree and 13 had symptoms. The durations of the postoperative periods for the symptomatic (9.1±6.5 mo)and the asymptomatic (28.3±8.8 mo) patients were significantly different. The symptom score correlated negatively with the time that had elapsed since the operation. The percentages of the dominant frequency in the normogastric, bradygastric and tachygastric ranges differed significantly between the controls and the patients.A significant difference was detected between the power ratio of the controls and that of the patients. The occurrence of tachygastria in the symptomatic and the symptom-free patients correlated negatively both with the time that had elapsed and with the symptom score. There was a significant increase in motility index after feeding in the controls, but not in the patients. The contractile activity of the stomach increased both in the controls and in the symptom-free patients. In contrast, in the group of symptomatic patients, the contractile activity decreased postprandially as compared with the fasting state.CONCLUSION: The patients' post-operative complaints and symptoms change during the post-operative period and correlate with the parameters of the myoelectric and contractile activities of the stomach. Tachygastria seems to be the major pathogenetic factor involved in the contractile dysfunction.展开更多
We describe a specific approach to capacity man a ge ment for distribution grids. Based on simulations, it has been found that by curtailing a maximum of 5% of the yearly energy production on a per-generator basis, di...We describe a specific approach to capacity man a ge ment for distribution grids. Based on simulations, it has been found that by curtailing a maximum of 5% of the yearly energy production on a per-generator basis, distribution grid connection capacity can be doubled. We also present the setting and fi rst results of a fi eld test for validating the approach in a rural distribution grid in northern Germany.展开更多
文摘Aim: The present project is to seek the possible electrical stimulation parameter by which wind-up of withdrawal reflex of rats and set up a appropriate animal model for recording the withdrawal reflex of wind-up phenomenon. Meanwhile, a parallel comparison will be made between the recording of withdrawal reflex and dorsal horn (DH) neuron responses in order to investigate the possible correlation associated with sensory and motor interaction of pain information via simultaneous recording. On the other hand, another comparison
文摘AIM: To investigate the electric and contractile mechanisms involved in the deranged function of the transposed stomach in relation to the course of the symptoms and the changes in contractile and electrical parameters over time.METHODS: Twenty-one patients after subtotal esophagectomy and 18 healthy volunteers were studied.Complaints were compiled by using a questionnaire, and a symptom score was formed. Synchronous electrogastrography and gastric manometry were performed in the fasting state and postprandially.RESULTS: Eight of the operated patients were symptomfree and 13 had symptoms. The durations of the postoperative periods for the symptomatic (9.1±6.5 mo)and the asymptomatic (28.3±8.8 mo) patients were significantly different. The symptom score correlated negatively with the time that had elapsed since the operation. The percentages of the dominant frequency in the normogastric, bradygastric and tachygastric ranges differed significantly between the controls and the patients.A significant difference was detected between the power ratio of the controls and that of the patients. The occurrence of tachygastria in the symptomatic and the symptom-free patients correlated negatively both with the time that had elapsed and with the symptom score. There was a significant increase in motility index after feeding in the controls, but not in the patients. The contractile activity of the stomach increased both in the controls and in the symptom-free patients. In contrast, in the group of symptomatic patients, the contractile activity decreased postprandially as compared with the fasting state.CONCLUSION: The patients' post-operative complaints and symptoms change during the post-operative period and correlate with the parameters of the myoelectric and contractile activities of the stomach. Tachygastria seems to be the major pathogenetic factor involved in the contractile dysfunction.
文摘We describe a specific approach to capacity man a ge ment for distribution grids. Based on simulations, it has been found that by curtailing a maximum of 5% of the yearly energy production on a per-generator basis, distribution grid connection capacity can be doubled. We also present the setting and fi rst results of a fi eld test for validating the approach in a rural distribution grid in northern Germany.
