无隔膜式发生装置制备电解离子水的操作条件研究

利用实验室自制的无隔膜型电解离子水发生器,研究了不同操作条件（盐酸浓度、氯化钠浓度、电解电压、电解电流、电解时间和电极板距离）对电解离子水p H和有效氯浓度的影响。实验结果表明：盐酸质量分数（0~0.01701%范围）增大使电解离子水p H降低,对有效氯浓度无明显影响;氯化钠浓度增加或电解电压升高对电解离子水的p H无明显影响,但使有效氯浓度升高;电解电流对电解离子水的p H和有效率均无显著影响;电解时间越长,电解离子水的p H和有效氯浓度越高;电极板距离增大会使p H和有效氯浓度降低。为无隔膜型电解离子水发生器的进一步研究和在实际生产中的应用提供了技术支持。

电解离子水中羟自由基的产生规律

对不同电解离子水以及次氯酸钠溶液产生羟自由基能力进行了研究,结果表明：当有效氯浓度为17mg/L,p H变化不会对电解离子水的产生羟自由基能力有显著影响;当有效氯浓度为60mg/L时,产生羟自由基能力随着p H升高而升高;微酸电解离子水在0-24h范围内的羟自由基变化不明显,强酸电解离子水在17℃和4℃的贮藏温度下,产生羟自由基的能力均在贮藏时间为5h时达到最大;在不同p H和有效氯浓度范围内,电解离子水产生羟自由基能力均要比次氯酸钠溶液强。

电解离子水桑叶保鲜试验初报

水是生命之源,是人类生存的基础,所有的动植物及其生命活动都与水息息相关.近年来市场上不断涌现出诸如活化水、天然水、磁化水、太空水、离子水等五花八门的水.其中一种"全自动离子水整水器"引起了笔者的注意,该整水器可直接将自来水净化、电解并分离成碱性离子水和酸性离子水,其中碱性离子水具有水分子团小、含有适量钙离子、镁离子等矿物质,pH值呈弱碱性,渗透性、溶解性高等特征;酸性离子水有收敛作用、杀菌力强等特征且电解离子水在人体医疗保健方面已有应用.为此笔者对离子水在蚕桑生产上的应用进行了探讨,并首先从相对较为简单又与蚕桑生产关系密切的小蚕用桑叶保鲜试验人手,现将试验初报如下.

电解离子水及其生成器

本文介绍了电解离子水的制备原理和应用。原水经电解后 ,阳极室生成酸性离子水 ,阴极室生成碱性离子水。酸性离子水具有杀菌消毒作用 ,碱性离子水具有保健作用。同时 。

如何选购电解离子水生成器

水是生命之源,能够在家中喝上有保健作用的纯净水和用上有杀菌作用的消毒水,无疑是为家人的健康添了一份保证。近年来,随着消费者对用水要求的提高,一种以“喝水讲健康、用水求卫生”

去离子水电解液与蒸馏水电解液的比较

简要介绍了去离子水的制备过程,分析了用去离子水作铅酸蓄电池硫酸稀释剂的好处。通过两种蓄电池 三充二放"试验、装车试验及经济效益分析,得出去离子水铅酸蓄电池更能提高铅酸蓄电池使用可靠性。

Structure and corrosion resistance of modified micro-arc oxidation coating on AZ31B magnesium alloy

A hydrophobic surface was fabricated on a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treated AZ31 Mg alloys via surface modification with myristic acid. The effects of modification time on the wettability of the coatings were investigated using the contact angle measuring device. The surface morphologies and structure of the coatings were evaluated using SEM, XRD and FT-IR. The corrosion resistance was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and long-term immersion test. The results showed that the water contact angle (CA) increases gradually with modification time from 0 to 5 h, the highest CA reaches 138° after being modified for 5 h, and the number and size of the micro pores are decreased. The modification method hardly alters crystalline structure of the MAO coating, but improves the corrosion resistance based on the much positive potential and low current density. Moreover, the corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity can be enhanced with increasing the alkyl chain. The wetting and spreading for the alkylcarboxylate with low surface energy become easier on the micro-porous surface, and alkylcarboxylate monolayer will be formed through bidentate bonding, which changes the surface micropores to a sealing or semi-sealing structure and makes the MAO coating dense and hydrophobic. All the results demonstrate that the modification process improves the corrosion protection ability of the MAO coating on AZ31B Mg alloy.

Composite Cathode based on Mn-doped Perovskite Niobate-Titanate for Efficient Steam Electrolysis

Redox-active Mn is introduced into the B site of redox-stable perovskite niobate-titanate to improve the electrocatalytic activity of composite cathode in an oxide-ion-conducting solid oxide electrolyzer. The XRD and XPS results reveal the successful partial replacement of Ti/Nb by Mn in the B site of niobate-titanate. The ionic conductivities of the Mndoped niobate-titanate are significantly improved by approximately 1 order of magnitude in reducing atmosphere and 0.5 order of magnitude in oxidizing atmosphere compared with bare niobate-titanate at 800 ℃. The current efficiency for Mn-doped niobate-titanate cathode is accordingly enhanced by ,-25% and 30% in contrast to the bare cathode with and without reducing gas flowing over the cathode under the applied voltage of 2.0 V at 800 ℃ in an oxide-ion-conducting solid oxide electrolyzer, respectively.

Purification of Organic Wastewater Containing Cu^(2+) and Cr^(3+) by a Combined Process of Micro Electrolysis and Biofilm

A complex process of micro electrolysis and biofilm was developed to continuously treat organic wastew-aters containing heavy metal ions such as Cu2+ and Or3+, and the relevant purifying mechanism was also addressed. In detail, organic materials in wastewater could be consumed as nutritious source by biofilm composed of aerobes and anaerobes. However, for heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Cr3+), part was removed by electrodeposition, and some was adsorbed on biofilm. In order to compare with the combined process of micro electrolysis and biofilm, the experimental data of micro electrolysis process (intermittent) or biofilm process (continuous) were provided, and the kinetic data of C6H12O6 (glucose) biodegradation by cultured microbes or acclimated microbes were also obtained. These experimental results indicated that for wastewater initially consisted of CeH12O6 (500mg-L-1), Cu2+ and Cr3+ (10mg-L-1), after treatment, its concentrations of C6H12O6, Cu2+ and Cr3+ were lowered to the level of 55-65mg.L^1, and less than 1mg-L-1, respectively. And the industrial reused water standards could be met by treated wastewater.

Electrical conductivities for four ternary electrolyte aqueous solutions with one or two ionic liquid components at ambient temperatures and pressure

This work provides a method to explore the transport property of the electrolyte aqueous solutions with one or two ionic liquids, especially focus on their electrical conductivity. The conductivities were measured for the ternary systems Na Cl–[C6mim][Cl](1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride)–H2O, [C6mim][BF4]–[C6mim][Cl]–H2O,Na NO3–[C6mim][BF4](1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)–H2O, and [C4mim][BF4](1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)–[C6mim][BF4]–H2O, and their binary subsystems NaN O3–H2O, NaC l–H2O,[C6mim][BF4]–H2O, [C6mim][Cl]–H2O, and [C4mim][BF4]–H2O, respectively. The conductivities of the ternary systems were also determined using generalized Young's rule and semi-ideal solution theory in terms of the data of their binary solutions. The comparison showed that the two simple equations provide good predictions for conductivity of mixed electrolyte solutions and the mixed ionic liquid solutions based on the conductivity of their binary subsystems.

On the Production of OH Radical through Plasma Electrolysis Mechanism for the Processing of Ammonia Waste Water

Plasma produced many active species such as OH radical and H radical. As well known, OH radical plays an important role in degrading complex pollutants. This study aims to measure the production of OH radicals and evaluate important parameters that have influent in degradation process of waste water contains ammonia in circulated system and analyze the level of energy consumptions are resulted by this research. The production of OH radical was detected by formation of hydrogen peroxide which was resulted by recombination reaction between OH radicals during plasma electrolysis process. From the measured concentration of hydrogen peroxide, obtained concentration of OH radical is 2,020 ppm. The depth of anode, applied voltage and ammonia initial concentration have affected ammonia degradation percentage and energy consumption level. The highest result for ammonia degradation percentage is 63.2% which gets from applied voltage 700 V, with depth of anode 1 cm, initial concentration of ammonia 100 ppm, and lowest energy consumption of 110 KJ/mmol.

“Water in salt/ionic liquid”electrolyte for 2.8 V aqueous lithium-ion capacitor

Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical stability windows(ESWs)can be considerably expanded by increasing electrolyte concentrations.However,further breakthroughs of their ESWs encounter bottlenecks because of the limited salt solubility,leading to that most of the high-energy anode materials can hardly function reversibly in aqueous electrolytes.Here,by introducing a non-flammable ionic liquid as co-solvent in a lithium salt/water system,we develop a"water in salt/ionic liquid"(WiSIL)electrolyte with extremely low water content.In such WiSIL electrolyte,commercial niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)material can operate at a low potential(-1.6 V versus Ag/AgCl)and contribute its full capacity.Consequently,the resultant Nb2O5-based aqueous lithium-ion capacitor is able to operate at a high voltage of 2.8 V along with long cycling stability over 3000 cycles,and displays comparable energy and power performance(51.9 Wh kg^-1 at 0.37 kW kg^-1 and 16.4 Wh kg^-1 at 4.9 kW kg^-1)to those using non-aqueous electrolytes but with improved safety performance and manufacturing efficiency.

Engineering membrane electrode assembly for advanced polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer

As an important energy carrier in terms of carbon neutrality,green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using renewable electricity has attracted worldwide attention.The polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer(PEWE)has the potential to be a mainstay in the green hydrogen market in the future because of its superior performance.However,the development of PEWE is constrained by the slow progress of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA),which is an essential component of PEWE and largely determines the cost and performance of the system.Therefore,the MEA must be optimized from the aspects of reducing cost and improving performance to promote the development of PEWEs.In this review,we first discuss the recent progress of the materials and design strategies of MEA,including the cost,activity,and stability of catalysts,distribution and thickness of ionomers,and ion transport efficiency of ion exchange membranes(IEMs).Then,the effects of all components and interlayer interfaces on the ions,electrons,and mass transfer in MEA and,consequently,the performance of PEWE are analyzed.Finally,we propose perspectives on developing MEA by optimizing the catalyst activity and stability of IEM,interface contact between adjacent components,and evaluation methods of performance.