评估式电话回访在基层医院心房颤动患者中的应用体会

心房颤动是临床上最常见的心律失常之一。我国总的发病率为0.77%,且随着患者年龄的增长,发生率不断增加。心房颤动的并发症,如心力衰竭、血栓栓塞等严重威胁着人们的健康,使患者脑卒中发病率和病死率成倍增高[1]。目前,基层医院对心房颤动最主要的治疗方法仍为药物治疗,规范的药物治疗在提高心房颤动的控制率、提高患者的生活质量、降低再次入院率等方面起到重要的作用。但是目前心房颤动患者存在漏服、停药等遵医行为差的情况,

院前急救电话对可疑急性脑卒中患者的快速筛选价值

目的:探讨院前急救时急诊医师通过电话使用面、臂、言语、时间评分量表(FAST)对可疑脑卒中患者进行快速筛选的价值。方法:急诊医师在院前急救中通过电话对可疑脑卒中患者参照FAST进行快速评估并转送,计算完成FAST评估所需的时间、灵敏度、特异度、准确度,阳性似然比、阴性似然比、相关系数和Kappa值。结果:本次研究中,急诊医师通过电话使用FAST对196例可疑脑卒中患者在院前急救中进行了快速评估和转送,平均耗时33秒,FAST的灵敏度74.78%、特异度67.90%、假阳性率32.10%、假阴性率25.22%、阳性似然比2.33、阴性似然比0.37、Kappa值0.425,准确度为71.94%;参考综合临床诊断,急诊医师可通过电话使用FAST对可疑脑卒中患者进行快速筛选,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。FAST对可疑脑卒中患者筛选结果的一致性为中高度一致。结论:在院前急救中,由急诊医师通过电话使用FAST对可疑脑卒中患者进行快速筛选有一定的价值。

FAST CAPACITY ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS FOR MANETS USING DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS

In this letter,capacity estimation for Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) using direc- tional antennas are studied.Two Matrix-based Fast Calculation Algorithms (MFCAs) are proposed to estimate the network capacity in a network scenario in which there is no channel sharing among multiple sessions and traffic is sensitive to delay with an end-to-end delay constraint.The first algo- rithm MFCA-1 is used to estimate network capacity in a situation where all links have the same delay. It estimates the maximum number of k-hop sessions in a network based on the k-hop adjacency matrix of the network.The second algorithm MFCA-2 is used to estimate network capacity in a situation where different links may have different delays.It calculates the maximum number of sessions in a network with an end-to-end delay constraint based on the adjacency matrix and the link-delay matrix of the network.Numerical and simulation results show that both MFCA-1 and MFCA-2 can calculate network capacity much faster than the well-known Brute-Force Search Algorithm (BFSA) but with the same accuracy.