电谱-离子色谱和电谱-流动注射分析联用的研究

电谱和低压离子色谱的联用可以对固体试样进行快速地定性定量分析 ,使用该技术对合金钢中铬的含量进行分析 ,发现当CrO42 -离子浓度在 10 -6～ 10 -3 mol/L时有良好的线性关系和高的精密度 ,结果与常规化学分析方法相符。这项技术也可以应用于合金中铜、锌。

电谱—离子色谱联用分析铜合金中铜及杂质锌

介绍了电谱和离子色谱法的工作原理，以及离子色谱—电谱联用对铜合金中铜和锌的分析应用，结果表明，这种方法分析铜合金中铜、锌的效果很好。

五年大开发 水电谱新篇——贵州西电东送工程首批水电项目勘测设计工作回顾

贵州是西电东送工程的主要省份之一,首批4座大型水电站,经过全体建设者五年的团结奋战、艰苦努力,都己经投产发电,中央确定的西电东送工程首期目标如期实现。本院作为贵州西电东送工程的主要单位之一,承担了洪家渡、索风营、引子渡3座水电站的勘测设计工作,为贵州西电东送首批水电项目的建设提供了强有力的技术支撑和服务,做出了自己的贡献。我们在庆贺贵州西电东送工程首批项目成功建设的时候,对本院的勘测设计工作进行回顾和总结是十分必要的。

湖南:新化借“机”生“蛋”小水电谱写扶贫大文章

湖南省新化县地处湘中偏西、资水中游,是革命老区县、国定贫困县、武陵山片区区域发展和扶贫攻坚县,也是水能资源较丰富的县。新化县充分发挥水能资源优势,做细做实前期工作,拓宽投融资渠道,加强项目建设管理,扎实推进全县农村小水电扶贫项目建设,开启精准扶贫、精准脱贫的新天地。2016年,国务院印发《“十三五”脱贫攻坚规划》,决定实施农村小水电扶贫工程。国家发改委、水利部联合印发《农村小水电扶贫工程试点实施方案》,国家安排中央预算内资金3亿元在湖南等六省市选取部分水能资源丰富的国家级贫困县,开展农村小水电扶贫试点。

增效扩容改造效益彰显 农村水电谱写新的篇章

财政部、水利部把重庆作为全国农村水电增效扩容改造试点以来，重庆市委、市政府高度重视，在财政部、水利部的直接指导和支持下，重庆市级相关部门精心组织、积极探索，经过近两年的努力，全面完成了476座老旧电站增效扩容改造试点任务，取得较好的成效。一是有效促进了节能减排。通过改造新增装机容量17．2万千瓦，年新增发电量8．7亿千瓦时，

青城供电谱写辉煌篇章——呼和浩特供电局“十一五”发展纪实

“十一五”期间，呼和浩特供电局以科学发展观为统领，加快建设全国一流省会城市供电企业步伐，创新管理水平，以确保安全生产为第一任务，狠抓经营管理，开展“堵漏增收、降本增效”重点工作，企业安全生产稳定、电网建设显著、经营效益倍增、企业规模和综合实力迈上了新台阶。

Electronic structure and ultraviolet spectra of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20)

Geometry optimization of p-C_(6)H_(4)-connected cyclo[20]carbon(p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20))was carried out at M062X/6-311G(d,p)level,three kinds of bond orders(Mayer,Laplacian,and Wiberg),electron-hole distributions,localized orbital locators(LOL),and infrared(IR)spectrum were also performed at the same level.Based on TD-DFT M062X/6-311G(d,p)method,the first 20 excited states and ultraviolet(UV)spectra of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) were calculated.Calculation results of π-electron delocalization analyses prove thatπ-electron delocalization of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) is more likely to occur on shorter C-C bonds rather than longer C-C bonds,and inside/outside of the ring plane rather than above/below the ring plane.Two absorption peaks of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) locate at about 319 nm and 236 nm,respectively.

Self-repairing Al_(2)O_(3)-TiO_(2)coatings fabricated through plasma electrolytic oxidation with various cathodic pulse parameters

The influence of cathodic pulse parameters was evaluated on plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)coatings grown on 7075 aluminum alloy in a silicate-based electrolyte containing potassium titanyl oxalate(PTO)using pulsed bipolar waveforms with various cathodic duty cycles and cathodic current densities.The coatings were characterized by SEM,EDS,and XRD.EIS was applied to investigate the electrochemical properties.It was observed that the increase of cathodic duty cycle and cathodic current density from 20%and 6 A/dm^(2) to 40%and 12 A/dm^(2) enhances the growth rate of the inner layer from 0.22 to 0.75μm/min.Adding PTO into the bath showed a fortifying effect on influence of the cathodic pulse and the mentioned change of cathodic pulse parameters,resulting in an increase of the inner layer growth rate from 0.25 to 1.10μm/min.Based on EDS analysis,Si and Ti were incorporated dominantly in the upper parts of the coatings.XRD technique merely detectedγ-Al_(2)O_(3),and there were no detectable peaks related to Ti and Si compounds.However,the EIS results confirmed that the incorporation of Ti^(4+)into alumina changed the electronic properties of the coating.The coatings obtained from the bath containing PTO using the bipolar waveforms with a cathodic duty cycle of 40%and current density values higher than 6 A/dm^(2) showed highly appropriate electrochemical behavior during 240 d of immersion due to an efficient repairing mechanism.Regarding the effects of studied parameters on the coating properties,the roles of cathodic pulse parameters and PTO in the PEO process were highlighted.

Rate Law for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Over CuO

Photocatalytic splitting of water over p-type semiconductors is a promising strategy for production of hydrogen.However,the determination of rate law is rarely reported.To this purpose,copper oxide(CuO)is selected as a model photocathode in this study,and the photogenerated surface charge density,interfacial charge transfer rate constant and their relation to the water reduction rate(in terms of photocurrent)were investigated by a combination of(photo)electrochemical techniques.The results showed that the charge transfer rate constant is exponential-dependent on the surface charge density,and that the photocurrent equals to the product of the charge transfer rate constant and surface charge density.The reaction is first-order in terms of surface charge density.Such an unconventional rate law contrasts with the reports in literature.The charge density-dependent rate constant results from the Fermi level pinning(i.e.,Galvani potential is the main driving force for the reaction)due to accumulation of charge in the surface states and/or Frumkin behavior(i.e.,chemical potential is the main driving force).This study,therefore,may be helpful for further investigation on the mechanism of hydrogen evolution over a CuO photocathode and for designing more efficient CuO-based photocatalysts.

X-ray Spectroscopically Probing Mo_(2)C@MoSe_(2)Heterojunction Electrodes

Due to their high electrical conductivity and layered structure,two dimensional MXene materials are re⁃garded as promising candidates for energy storage applications.However,the relatively low stability and specific ca⁃pacity of MXene materials limit their further utilization.In this study,these issues are addressed using a heterostruc⁃ture strategy via a one-step selenization method to form Mo_(2)C@MoSe_(2).Synchrotron radiation X-ray spectroscopic and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)characterizations revealed the heterostructure consisting of in-situ grown MoSe_(2)on Mo_(2)C MXene.Electrochemical tests proved the heterojunction electrode’s superior rate perfor⁃mance of 289.06 mAh·g^(-1)at a high current density of 5 A·g^(-1)and long cycling stability of 550 mAh·g^(-1)after 900 cycles at 1 A·g^(-1).This work highlights the useful X-ray spectroscopic analysis to directly elucidate the heterojunction structure,providing an effective reference method for probing heterostructures.

ICP-AES法测定Pd/Al_2O_3中钯的干扰问题

本文研究了用 ICP- AES法测定 Pd/Al2 O3催化剂中钯所存在的干扰问题。考察了基体及所用试剂对钯测定的影响 ,发现氧化铝基体、硫酸等对钯的测定均有负干扰 ,提出采用基体匹配法测定 Pd/Al2 O3中的钯含量。方法回收率在 96%以上 ,9次测定相对标准偏差小于 3%

Galvanic corrosion behavior of copper/titanium galvanic couple in artificial seawater

The corrosion behaviors of copper and copper/titanium galvanic couple （GC） in seawater were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and electrochemical noise （EN） techniques in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy （SEM） method. The results show that the corrosion process of copper in seawater can be divided into two stages, in which corrosion resistance and SE show the same evolution trend of initial increase and subsequent decrease, while SG changes oppositely. However, the ensemble corrosion process of copper/titanium GC in seawater includes three stages, in which corrosion resistance and SE show the evolution features of initial decrease with a subsequently increase, and the final decrease again;while SG changes oppositely. The potential difference between copper and titanium in their galvanic couple can accelerate the initiation of pitting corrosion of copper, and both the minimum and maximum corrosion potentials of copper/titanium GC are much more positive than those of pure copper.

Purification and Identification of Antifreeze Proteins in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus

The conventional protein chromatography technique was adopted to purify the antifreeze proteins (AFPs) from the leaves of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f. Two bands on native PAGE gel showed thermal hysteresis activity, one was band B1, whose thermal hysteresis was 0.46 ℃ at 8 g/L, which showed two bands (67 kD, 21 kD) on SDS_PAGE gel; the other was B3, whose thermal hysteresis was 0.45 ℃ at 10 g/L, and it contained only a single protein (39.8 kD). Both B1 and B3 are not glycoproteins, because neither do they interact with Shiff_reagent, nor show ultraviolet characteristics of a typical glycoprotein.

Characterization of pitting corrosion of 7A60 aluminum alloy by EN and EIS techniques

The pitting corrosion behaviors of 7A60 aluminum alloy in the retrogression and re-aging （RRA） temper were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and electrochemical noise （EN） techniques, and the microstructure and the second phase content of the alloy were observed and determined by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）. The results show that there exist two different corrosion stages for 7A60 alloy in 3.5%NaCl solution, and the corrosion process can be detected by the appearance of EIS spectrum with two capacitive time constants and the wavelet fractal dimension D extracted from EN. SEM and EDS results also demonstrate that severe pitting corrosion in 7A60 alloy is mainly caused by electrochemical active MgZn2 particles, secondly by Al2MgCu and Mg2Si. Al7Cu2Fe particles make little contribution to the pitting corrosion of 7A60 alloy.

Cycle life prediction and match detection in retired electric vehicle batteries

The lifespan models of commercial 18650-type lithium ion batteries （nominal capacity of 1150 mA-h） were presented. The lifespan was extrapolated based on this model. The results indicate that the relationship of capacity retention and cycle number can be expressed by Gaussian function. The selecting function and optimal precision were verified through actual match detection and a range of alternating current impedance testing. The cycle life model with high precision （〉99%） is beneficial to shortening the orediction time and cutting the prediction cost.

Synchrotron-Radiation Photoemission Study of Growth and Stability of Au Clusters on Rutile TiO2（110）-1×1

The growth and thermal stability of Au clusters on a partially-reduced rutile TiO2 （110）-1 × 1 surface were investigated by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron- radiation-light. The valence-band photoelectron spectroscopy results demonstrate that the Ti^3＋3d feature attenuates quickly with the initial deposition of Au clusters, implying that Au clusters nucleate at the oxygen vacancy sites. The Au4f core-level photoelectron spectroscopy results directly prove the existence of charge transfer from oxygen vacancies to Au clusters. The thermal stability of Au clusters on the partially-reduced and stoichiometric TiO2（110） surfaces was also comparatively investigated by the annealing experiments. With the same film thickness, Au clusters are more thermally stable on the partially-reduced TiO2（110） surface than on the stoichiometric TiO2（110） surface. Meanwhile, large Au nanoparticles are more thermally stable than fine Au nanoparticles.

Study on Methanol Oxidation at Pt and PtRu Electrodes by Combining in situ Infrared Spectroscopy and Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry

Methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） at Pt and Pt electrode surface deposited with various amounts of Ru （denoted as PtxRuy, nominal coverage y is 0.17, 0.27, and 0.44 ML） in 0.1 mol/L HClO4＋0.5 mol/L MeOH has been studied under potentiostatic conditions by in situ FTIR spectroscopy in attenuated-total-reflection con guration and di erential electro-chemical mass spectrometry under controlled flow conditions. Results reveal that （i） CO is the only methanol-related adsorbate observed by IR spectroscopy at all the Pt and PtRu electrodes examined at potentials from 0.3 V to 0.6 V （vs. RHE）; （ii） at Pt0.56Ru0.44, two IR bands, one from CO adsorbed at Ru islands and the other from COL at Pt substrate are detected, while at other electrodes, only a single band for COL adsorbed at Pt is observed; （iii） MOR activity decreases in the order of Pt0.73Ru0.27〉Pt0.56Ru0.44〉Pt0.83Ru0.17〉Pt; （iv） at 0.5 V, MOR at Pt0.73Ru0.27 reaches a current e ciency of 50% for CO2 production, the turn-over frequency from CH3OH to CO2 is ca. 0.1 molecule/（site sec）. Suggestions for further improving of PtRu catalysts for MOR are provided.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Bilobalide and Ginkgolides in Ginkgo biloba L. Leaves

The ginkgo terpenoids including bilobalide and ginkgolides are the main pharmaceutical components in the leaves or extracts of Ginkgo biloba L. In this paper, the analysis of bilobalide and ginkgolides in leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectrometry (MS) was carried out. The separation was performed on Inertsil ODS3 column with methanol-water (36:64) as mobile phase, with 1 mL·min -1 of flow rate at 35℃. Then the mass spectrum analysis was conducted by ZMD micromass electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectrometer (MS). The HPLC total ion chromatogram and selected ion chromatogram (with 325, 407, 423, 439 of m/z) of the sample and ESI-/MS mass spectra of the peaks in the chromatograms were obtained. So bilobalide, ginkgolide A, B, C and J in Ginkgo biloba L. leaves were identified. The method is easy and rapid, with a good accuracy.