跨界核损害责任的制度缺陷及其立法完善

跨界核损害责任是指核装置国发生核事件对其他国家或在国家管辖范围以外地区造成损害的,应承担的法律责任。现有的国际立法中关于"核损害责任"和"跨界损害责任"已有相关规定,但在解决"跨界核损害责任"承担时却存在诸多问题,如跨界损害认定困难、信息通报不力、跨界维权诉讼搁置等。本文提出要进一步完善跨界核损害的责任追究制度、赔偿规则和诉讼程序,不断增强国际立法的可操作性、适用性和便捷性。

对我国核临界安全工作的思考

对我国的核临界安全工作进行全面思考 ,肯定了 4 0多年来我国核燃料循环生产系统的安全业绩 ,指出可能导致核临界事故的关键环节及存在问题。对于如何进一步加强核临界安全工作 ,从多角度提出对策。

聚核跨界:“五向课程”学习新样态

中国学生发展核心素养的发布为培养什么样的人奠定了一个基调,作为基础教育主阵地的学校如何开发课程,是培养学生核心素养的关键路径和载体。东北师范大学南湖实验学校作为一所九年一贯制学校,依据中国学生发展核心素养要求,建构了学校“五向目标”;围绕“五向目标”建构“五向课程”;立足“聚核跨界”,探索“五向课程”实施的新样态。“五向课程”实施新样态与传统课堂有机结合起来,与人工智能、物联网、泛在学习、云计算、大数据等多元平台相结合,营造学习新环境,将核心素养进行校本化表达和实施。

坐标最佳的正方形核素图

分析了各种核素图中的偶Z =6 0 - 82上界边界线的特征 .说明了在变量Z -N图 ,Z -H图 ,S -H图 ,K -H图与 (S -K) -H图中 ,此偶Z边界线依序由左下向右上递变 ,平竖折线与从右下向左上的边界线 .发现正方形图处于中间位置 ,显示出此图中核素分布规律最优 .对于整个核素区在各种核素图中的范围也是如此 .

Relationship between Al(OH)_3 solubility and particle size in synthetic Bayer liquors

Surface tension of sodium aluminate solution and the contact angle between Al（OH）3 particles and aluminate solution were measured, then the dependence of Al（OH）3 solubility on its particle size was calculated and thus the variation of the critical nucleus sizes was determined based on the Ostwald ripening formula. The results show that the Al（OH）3 solubility in sodium aluminate solution decreases with the increment of particle size, and the critical nucleus sizes increase with the rise of alkali concentration, caustic ratio and precipitation temperature. The results also imply that the presence of small particles in seeded precipitation system is an important factor to limit the depth of precipitation.

走马楼吴简所见“乡”的再研究

走马楼吴简中有相当数量涉及"乡"的材料,为增进对孙吴时期乡吏与乡政的认识提供了可能。"乡界"作为界域限制在地方社会统治中发挥重要作用,"乡界"的"隐核"是公开的实地审查,应与"科核"同义。县廷派往各乡的吏员有劝农掾、典田掾、市掾等,依各自职能在乡政中扮演着重要角色,其职名是"部吏"、"乡吏"的具体化表述。"乡吏"可能并非一种专称。

DSC Analysis of LT-3 Aluminum Alloy Vacuum Brazing

LT-3 aluminum alloy is a kind of two-side cladding aluminum special used in vacuum brazing. Differential Scanning Calorimeter （DSC） was used to measure the exothermic and endothermic reaction during the brazing process that the cortex metal and the base metal are melted and re-crystal. The analysis results inidicate that eutectic reaction is the main reaction in the melted cortex metal crystallization process. But the main reaction in the melted base metal crystallization process is the reaction that α-A1 segregated out. According to the experimental details, the critical work of nucleation is 3.82×10-17J, the critical radius of nucleation is 8.69×10-10 m, the volume of critical crystal nucleus is 2.75×10-27 m3 and the per unit cell in critical crystal nucleus is 43.

Nucleation interface of Al-Sb alloys on single crystal Al_2O_3 substrate

Lattice structure information of heterogeneous nucleation at nucleation interface was present.The crystal orientation,and interfacial structure characteristic of liquid Al alloys nucleated on the basal surface(0001)Al2O3single crystal substrate were identified by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)analysis.The preferred crystal orientations of pure Al and Al-1%Sb(mass fraction)alloy adjacent to the nucleation interface were examined as(200)and(220)planes of Al,respectively,and two corresponding orientation relationships were obtained.An improved nucleation efficiency and refined grains were attributed to both the reduced interplanar spacing of preferred orientation and the decrease of lattice misfit from16.4%to7.0%in Al-1%Sb/Al2O3nucleation group.

Effect of interaction of dislocations with core-shell nanowires on critical shear stress of nanocomposites

The contribution to the critical shear stress of nanocomposites caused by the interaction between screw dislocations and core-shell nanowires (coated nanowires) with interface stresses was derived by means of the MOTT and NABARRO's model. The influence of interface stresses on the critical shear stress was examined. The result indicates that, if the volume fraction of the core-shell nanowires keeps a constant, an optimal critical shear stress may be obtained when the radius of the nanowire with interface stresses reaches a critical value, which differs from the classical solution without considering the interface stresses under the same external conditions. In addition, the material may be strengthened by the soft nanowires when the interface stresses are considered. There also exist critical values of the elastic modulus and the thickness of surface coating to alter the strengthening effect produced by it.

Critical Behavior in Nuclear Structure from Spherical to γ-Soft Deformed Shape in IBM

Comparing with the predictions of the transitional dynamical symmetry E（5） proposed by Iachello [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 （2000） 3580], the critical behaviors from U（5）-0（6） are studied in the space of two control parameters in the interacting boson model. A simple shape phase diagram has been presented. It is found that E（5） predictions cannot be exactly reproduced by our calculations and that the best agreement is close to the calculations with boson number N = 9. By comparing with experimental data on E（5）-like nuclei, we find that E（5） predictions and IBM calculations can reproduce the energy ratios and E2 transition ones.

Facility Management in the Globalized Society

Facility management is the multi-disciplinary kind of work that covers a wide range of various activities, responsibilities, and knowledge. Facility management provides and manages a variety of support services in order to prepare all the organisational functions, putting the accent on an integration of primary activities in strategic, tactical, and operational levels. In the final decade of the previous century, facility mmmgement industry emerged as one of the fastest growing sectors at the international level. Nowadays, the importance of the facility management is readily acknowledged in many companies worldwide, which recognises the necessity of properly managing elaborate and expensive support facilities. The tasks are multi-disciplinary and cover a wide range of activities, responsibilities, and knowledge, because every aspect of an organisation may come under the competency of the facility management. The main aim of the paper is to point out the well-founded applicability of the global facility management in companies, which in order to achieve the competitive advantage correctly strengthened the corporate core business and shift the support activities into the management of a specialist in this field. The paper also covers the scope of the facility management in the international context, and also in the Slovak Republic, considering the specificities of individual countries

Function Theory of a Class of Bounded Reinhardt Domains

In this paper, we consider a class of bounded Reinhardt domains Dα（m, n1,…,nm）. The Bergman kernel function K（z,z^）, the Bergman metric matrix T（z,z^）, the Cauchy-Szegoe kernel function S（z,ζ^） are obtained. Then we prove that the formal Poisson kernel function is not a Poisson kernel function. At last, we prove that Dα is a quasiconvex domain and Dα is a stronger quasiconvex domain if and only if Dα is a hypersphere.

Assessment of Sustainable Energy Strategy with Long-Term Global Energy Model Incorporating Nuclear Fuel Cycle

This paper investigates long-term energy strategy compatible with significant reduction of world carbon dioxide （CO2） emissions, employing a long-term global energy model, Dynamic New Earth 21 （called DNE21）. The model seeks the optimal energy mix from 2000 to 2100 that minimizes the world total energy system cost under various kinds of energy and technological constraints, such as energy resource constraints, energy supply and demand balance constraints, and CO2 emissions constraints. This paper discusses the results of primary energy supply, power generation mix, CO2 emission, CCS （carbon capture and storage） and total system costs for six regions including world as a whole. To evaluate viable pathways forward for implementation of sustainable energy strategies, nuclear power generation is a viable source of clean and green energy to mitigate the CO2 emissions. Present research shows simulation results in two cases consisting of no CO2 regulation case （base case） and CO2 REG case （regulation case） which halves the world CO2 emissions by the year 2050. Main findings of this research describe that renewable and nuclear power generation will contribute significantly to mitigate the CO2 emission worldwide.

Preliminary Study on the Characteristics of Isotactic Polypropylene with Nucleating Agent Swollen by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Impregnation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with nucleating agent (NA21) using supercritical carbon dioxide as the swelling agent at different temperature and pressure and its non-isothermal crystallization kinetics were investigated. The results showed that NA21 was dispersed at a nanometer-scale in the PP matrix, resulting in the formation of different typesof crystal phases of iPP and the enhancement of its mechanical properties.

Interaction in Binary Mixtures of Gemini Surfactant G12-6-12 and CTAB by NMR

The interaction between N, N′-bis（dimethyldodecyl）-1,6-hexanediammoniumdibromide （G12-6-12） and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） in D20 aqueous medium has been investigated by NMR at 298 K. The G12-6-12 and CTAB are about 0.773 and measured critical micelle concentration （cmc） of 0.668 mmol/L, respectively. The cmc^＊ （cmc of mixture） values are less than CMC^＊ （cmc of ideally mixed solution） in the mixed system, and the interaction parameter βM〈0 at different molar fractions α of G12-6-12 in the mixed systems, but just when α≤0.3, cmc^＊ values are much smaller than CMC^＊, and βM satisfies the relation of ｜βM｜〉｜ln（cmc1/cmc2）｜ （cmcl： cmc of pure G12-6-12 and cmc2： cmc Of pure CTAB）. The results indicate that there exists synergism between G12-6-12 and CTAB, and they can form mixed micelles, which is further proven by 2D NOESY and self-diffusion coefficient D experiments. There are intermolecular cross peaks between G12-6-12 and CTAB in 2D NOESY, and the radius of micelles in mixed solution is bigger than that in G12-6-12 pure solution in D experiments, indicating there are mixed micelles. However, when α〉0.3, we find that cmc^＊≈CMC^＊, βM≈0, obviously, the two surfactants are almost ideal mixing fitting the pseudo-phase separation model and regular solution theory.

Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Interactions of Cationic-Anionic Surfactants

Typical cationic and anionic surfactants were chosen and their interactions were calculated by quantum chemical method. Interaction energies are -0.2378 kJ·mol-1, -3.3394kJ·mol-1 and 0.1204kJ·mol-1 for the molecular pairs with fluocarbon and hydrocarbon chain: C4H10/C5H12, C4F10/C5H12, and C4F10 /C5F12, respectively. When hydrophilic group with cationic and anionicions is introduced, interaction energies are -287.40kJ·mol-1, -311.18kJ·mol-1 and -345.83kJ·mol-1. The results show that there is strong static interaction between cationic and anionic surfactants. It has been predicted that mixed monolayer may be formed and surface activity is enhanced favorably, especially for mixtures of cationic and anionic surfactants with fluocarbon and hydrocarbon chains. The anionic surfactants, sodium octadecylbenzenesulfonate perfluopolyetherbenzenesulonate(ANF-I) was synthesized, mixture effects of ANF-I with sodium octadecylbenzenesulfonate or dodecyldimethyl benzylammonium bromide were studied. The results indicate that the efficiency of mixing increased and the theoretical prediction was testified. These results can provide useful information for the design of new surfactants.

Integral Representation of the Manifold Solution for New Class of the Volterra Type Integral Equation with a Boundary Singularity in the Case, When Kernel Contain Logarithmic Singularity and its Power

In this work we suggestion new methods investigation the model Volterra type integral equation with logarithmic singularity, kernel which consisting from composition polynomial function with logarithmic singularity and function with singular point. The problem investigation this type integral equation at n = 2m reduce to problem investigate the Volterra type integral equation （1） for n = 2 the theory for which was constructed in [2]. In this work, we investigation integral equation （1） at = 2m ＋ 1 In this case, we investigate integral equation （1） reduction it＇s to m integral equation type [2] φ（x）＋∫xa[p1＋p2 ln（x-a/t-a）]φ（t）/t-a dt=f（x）and one the following integral equation [1] ω（x）＋p3∫xω（t）/ a t-adt=g（x）.

Study of the Chemical Flooding Effect in Gao-63 Reservoir

This article is aimed to discuss the impact of using two different kinds of surfactant in enhancing oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs. With the background of Jidong oilfield, Rui Feng surfactant which could reach ultra-low interracial tension and combination surfactant RZ-JD80 with strong emulsifying property are chosen to do oil displacement and profile control-oil displacement experiment in homogeneous core and heterogeneous core respectively. The experiment is aimed to study the effect of oil displacement by injecting surfactant individually and the effect after injecting different profile control agent slug before surfactant flooding in heterogeneous cores. The results suggest that injecting Rui Feng surfactant and RZ-JD80 individually could enhance the oil displacement efficiency about 15 percentage points for homogeneous core. For strongly heterogeneous core, it is low efficiency by using either of these two surfactants individually. However, if injected a very little profile control agent slug before surfactant flooding, both of these two kinds of surfactant could enhance the oil recovery by different degree, especially, polymer microsphere plugging^RZ-JD80 flooding composite technology is more adaptable to Gao-63 reservoir. This technology could increase the recovery by 18.52 percentage points aRer surfactant flooding.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt-Carbon Core-Shell Microspheres in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide System

The synthesis of cobalt-carbon core-shell microspheres in supercritical carbon dioxide system was investi- gated. Cobalt-carbon core-shell microspheres with diameter of about 1μm were prepared at 350 ℃ for 12 h in a closed vessel containing an appropriate amount of bis（cyclopentadienyl）cobalt powder and dry ice. Characterization by a variety of techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TransmissiOn electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrum and Raman spectroscopy analysis reveals that each cobalt-carbon core-shell microsphere is made up of an amorphous cobalt core with diameter less than 1 μm and an amorphous carbon shell with thickness of about 200 nm. The possible growth mechanism of cobalt-carbon core-shell microspheres is discussed, based on the pyrolysis of bis（cyclopentadienyl）cobalt in supercritical carbon dioxide and the deposition of carbon or carbon clusters with odd electrons on the surface of magnetic cobalt cores due to magnetic attraction. Magnetic measurements show 141.41 emu/g of saturation magnetization of a typical sample, which is lower than the 168 emu/g of the corresponding metal cobalt bulk material. This is attributed to the considerable mass of the carbon shell and amorphous nature of the magnetic core. Control of magnetism in the cobalt-carbon core-shell microspheres was achieved by annealing treatments.