介绍一种硬脊膜外腔留置导管注药治疗顽固性神经痛的体会(附3例报告)

对神经损害后发生的顽固性神经痛,以往只采用肌肉或口服药物治疗,止痛效果差,且副作用大,我们对3例顽固性神经痛病人采用了硬膜外腔给药治疗,取得满意效果,现报告如下。 临床资料 1 给药方法:于疼痛区相对应的脊髓硬膜外腔留置硬膜外导管,经导管注药。药物组成:地塞米松10mg,维生素B1 100mg、维生素B6 100mg、维生素B12 500μg、0.5％布比卡因5ml,每日2次。

支气管灌洗结合留置导管注药治疗急性肺化脓症(附24例报告)

[背景 ]介绍一种治疗肺化脓症的方法 ,并探讨其有效性和可靠性 .[病例报告 ]行全身抗生素治疗的基础上 ,用纤维支气管镜给 2 4例急性肺化脓症病人病变部位取痰、灌洗并留置导管 ,然后从导管注入敏感抗生素 ,待病变基本吸收后拔管 .2 4例均治愈 ,单纯肺脓肿平均 15d治愈 ,支气管扩张合并化脓性感染者平均 2 2d治愈 .[讨论 ]支气管灌洗结合留置导管注药治疗是提高疗效 。

苗药加九留对骨折愈合的修复作用

目的:探讨苗药加九留对骨折愈合及软组织损伤后的修复效果。方法:选取100只SD大鼠,随机将其分为苗药加九留高剂量组、苗药加九留低剂量组、模型组、假手术组,各25只,比较采用不同方法治疗后四组大鼠的骨折愈合效果和组织损伤修复效果。结果:苗药加九留可以提高实验性大鼠骨折的X线评分,其评分明显高于模型组(P<0.05);苗药加九留高剂量组、苗药加九留低剂量组大鼠治疗后BMP-7表达A值明显高于模型组(P<0.05);给予苗药加九留治疗28d后,大鼠骨折愈合组织的抗折断力明显高于模型组(P<0.05);苗药加九留显著提高大鼠血清bFGF和TGFβ1的含量(P<0.05)。结论:苗药加九留可以促进大鼠骨折愈合,可能是通过提高BMP-7、bFGF、TGF-β的表达促进骨折愈合。

精神科临床用药中常见的护理问题及护理对策

目的:确保精神科临床药物治疗效果。方法:提高安全防范意识,加强责任心,做好心理护理。结果:提高患者服药的主动性和依从性。结论:精神科药物治疗与临床护理有密切关系。

非甾体抗炎药对锁骨骨折患者术后愈合的影响

目的:研究非甾体抗炎药对锁骨骨折术后愈合的影响.方法:本文选择我院在2017年4月-2018年7月收治的100例锁骨骨折患者作为研究对象,按照随机方法将所有患者分为常规组和非甾体抗炎组,每组均为50例,非甾体抗炎组患者在手术后第1天口服塞来昔布,常规组则不选择任何非甾体抗炎药物和阿片类镇痛药物,对2组患者的术后愈合状况进行评价比较.结果:比较2组患者的VAS评分,常规组为(4.05±1.02)分,非甾体抗炎组为(1.82±0.41)分,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;2组患者均没有发生不良反应状况,P>0.05,不具有统计学意义;12周以后,对2组患者选择X线片了解骨折愈合状况,非甾体抗炎药组患者的骨膜反应评分明显高于常规组,但骨折愈合评分、骨骼塑形评分都低于常规组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义.结论:临床对于锁骨骨折患者手术以后应用非甾体抗炎药物进行干预,虽然可有效缓解患者的疼痛,但可能会对患者的骨折愈合产生一定不利影响,因此需要予以重视.

非甾体抗炎药的临床药理

所有非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)都有血浆蛋白结合率高及分布容积低的特点,其半衰期的不同是由清除率的大小所致。NSAIDs以不同的途径经由肝脏代谢,可以几种机理发生药物相互作用:如药物蛋白结合的置换,诱导或抑制肝脏药物代谢,与其他有机酸竞争肾小管主动分泌。近年来的大量研究表明,应特别注意NSAIDs动力学的一些特点:(1)仅以药物总浓度来计算药物体内过程会出现失误,而应以有药理活性的游离药物浓度来分析;(2)丙酸类NSAIDs仅一个对映体有活性,研究这类药物的药动学应着眼于活性立体异构体的分析;(3)丙酸类NSAIDs能被肝脏代谢为不稳定的酰基葡萄糖醛酸结合物,

一药多名混乱多

刚一上班,李老伯就来到医院找我,说是胃病犯了,想做胃镜复查一下。李老伯是我的老街坊,他患有十二指肠溃疡,经治疗后,己痊愈好多年了。前两年我搬了家,和他见面的机会少了。 李老伯说,胃疼发作有一个礼拜了。

Indoor Toxicity of Emamectin Benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole Against Spodoptera litura and Their Residues on Lotus Plants

Spodoptera litura is the most threatening pest in lotus production,seriously affecting the lotus yield and quality.Emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole,the main insecticides for controlling S.litura on vegetables,are widely used by farmers to control S.litura on lotus plants.To determine the application concentrations,control effects,and safety of the two insecticides in lotus fields,indoor experiments were conducted to determine the control effects of 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole(SC)and 5%emamectin benzoate(WDG),and the residues of the two insecticides in the water,lotus leaves,and lotus seeds after field application were determined by HPLC-MS/MS.The indoor experiment results showed that chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate both had good control effects on S.litura,with the median lethal concentrations(LC50)of 17.700 and 1.694 mg/L,respectively.After unmanned aerial vehicle spraying of emamectin benzoate at 20 g/667m^(2),there was no residue of emamectin benzoate in the water or lotus leaves after 5 d.After spraying of chlorantraniliprole at 20 mL/667m^(2),the residual amounts in the water and lotus leaves after 9 d were 0.005 and 0.007 mg/L,respectively.No residue of the two insecticides was detected in lotus seeds(dry and fresh)2 h after spraying.Therefore,it was recommended that chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate can be used to control S.litura in lotus fields during the growth period,while attention should be paid to the application interval for safety.Considering the safe harvesting of lotus seeds and leaves,it was recommended that the preharvest intervals of chlorantraniliprole and 5%emamectin benzoate should be 9 d.

Simultaneous Determination of Four Pesticide Residues in Fruit Juice by HPLC

[Objective] This study was conducted to develop a system for simultaneous determination of imidacloprid, diflubenzuron, thiabendazole and carbendazim in fruit juice by HPLC. [Method] Using acetonitrile as the extraction solvent, the pesticides in fruit juice were purified through a NH2 solid phase extraction （SPE） cartridge, then detected by HPLC. [Result] There was a good linear relationship between the peak area and the concentrations of imidacloprid, diflubenzuron, thiabendazole and carbendazim in a range of 0.05-5.0 μg/ml, and the linear correlation coefficient varied in a range of 0.999 0-0.999 8; the limit of detection for imidacloprid, diflubenzuron, thiabendazole and carbendazim was 0.003, 0.005, 0.003 and 0.007 mg/kg, respectively. The recovery rate of imidacloprid, diflubenzuron, thiabendazole and carbendazim standards added at three levels （0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg） ranged from 82% to 107%, with RSD less than 4.5%. [Conclusion] The sensitivity, accuracy and precision of this method were able to meet the requirements for pesticide residue analysis.

Investigation and Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Citrus from Parts of Hubei Province

The analysis of pesticide residues in Citrus from Yichang, Danjiangkou, Zigui and Xingshan in Hubei Province was accomplished by UPLC-MS and GC-MS. The results showed that the detection rate of pesticide residues in Citrus reticulate was 91.9%. The detection rate of banned pesticides was 1.6%. The detection rate of restricted pesticides was 9.5%. The detection rate of allowed pesticides was 68.3%. The detection rate of unregistered pesticides was 15.9%. The pesticide used in citrus was relatively common. Because of the banned and restricted pesticides were both in the control degree, on the whole, the quality and security of Citrus reticulata was safe.

Determination of 2 Amides Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products by Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopy

[Objective] The aim was to explore the application of terahertz （THz） technique in pesticide recognition and residue determination. [Method] THz far-infrared spectral characteristics of 2 herbicides （butachlor and metolachlor） were measured by THz time-domain spectroscopy （THz-TDS） under conditions of room temperature and nitrogen,meanwhile their refractive index and absorption coefficient between 0.2 and 2.2 THz were calculated by using models based on Fresenl equations. [Result] The 2 pesticides both had a series of different characteristic absorption peaks between 0.2 and 2.2 THz,respectively. Their molecular structures were similar,but there were great difference in absorption and refractive index spectrum between them. [Conclusion] THz-TDS technique is feasible to detect pesticide residues,especially there is a greater advantage in identifying the structure of similar substances.

Study on Detection of Organochlorine Pesticide Residue in Ginseng

To investigate the residue situation of pesticides in ginseng, total 17 samples of ginseng-growing soil, ginseng roots and ginseng seeds were collected from 5 regions of Fusong County, and the contents of organochlorine pesticide residues in the samples were detected by using ultrasonic-assisted extraction and gas chromatography with acetone-ligroin as the solvent, thereby providing suitable recommendations and scientific basis for the selection of ginseng-growing soil.

Determination of 10 Pyrethroids Pesticide Residues in Rice by GC-MS-MS

[Objective] A method was developed for the determination of 10 pyrethroids pesticide residues in rice by GC-MS-MS. [Method] Pyrethroids were extracted with acetonitrile, followed by a salting-out step with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride, cleaned up by florisil solid phase extraction （SPE） cartridge, and determined by multiple reaction monitoring mode. [Result] The method showed good linearity over the range of 0.010-0.500 mg/L for 10 pyrethroid pesticide with correlation coefficients over 0.99. The detection limits were 0.005 -0.010 mg/kg. The method was validated by analyzing samples spiked with 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 mg/kg of 10 pyrethroid pesticides, respectively. The average recoveries in rice ranged from 75.0-115.5%, and the relative standard deviations （RSD） were between 3.9%-6.9%. [Conclusion] The method is easy, accurate and reliable, which can meet the requirement for the simultaneous determination and confirmation of pyrethroid pesticide residues in rice.

Usage of Pesticides and Control Measures in Qujing City

[Objective] The aim was to investigate pesticide use in Qujing city and explore the control measures.[Method] Surveys were made on pesticide use by farmers in five vegetable bases in Qujing city by questionnaires to study pesticide use and existing problems by farmers.[Result] Some problems existed in pesticide use in Qujing,such as non-standard pesticide source,lower-recognition of pesticide and impacts of pesticide residues on environment,and without professional guidance.[Conclusion] The existing problems can be resolved by enhancing technical trainings of technicians or pesticide managers,strengthening pesticide promotion,and reinforcing examination of pesticide residues.

Study on Pesticide Residues of Phorate and Emamectin Benzoate in Cauliflower with Ball Well Protected

In order to study the difference between cauliflower varieties with ball well protected and unprotected in terms of pesticide residue and its causes, Jinpin 70, a new male sterile cauliflower variety with ball well protected, and Xuebao with ball unprotected were sprayed with high-toxic pesticide phorate and efficient bio-pesticide emamectin benzoate at a regular dose to investigate the impact of different cauliflower varieties on the pesticide residue. The results showed that from the 3rd to the 5th day after spraying, phorate and emamectin benzoate residues in Jinpin 70 with ball well protected reduced by 76.47%-87.65% and 67.86%-80.82% re- spectively compared with Xubao, and decreased by 9.23%-81.82% and 57.14%- 79.84% respectively compared with Jinpin 70 with ball unprotected. The results above demonstrates that inner leaves of cauliflower with ball well protected can prevent the ball from being polluted by phorate and emamectin benzoate, thereby improving its edible safety.

临床上应慎用环氧化酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂

以非甾体抗炎药(NSAD)为代表的解热镇痛药是临床应用最多、最广泛的药物之一.本类药物具有良好的抗炎、解热和镇痛作用,广泛用于骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、缓解各种疼痛(如牙痛、头痛、痛经及肌肉痛等)症状及肿瘤止痛的阶梯治疗等.

溶剂对萘普生溶解性能的影响

目的：寻求合理的溶剂，使萘普生在复合溶剂中改变溶解性能。方法：利用紫外分光光度法和溶解度法。结果：研究了萘普生在水、丙二醇、无水乙醇、二甲亚矾中的最大溶解量。绘制了萘普生二甲亚砜、无水乙醇、水及萘普生二甲亚砜、丙二醇、水；萘普生丙二醇、无水乙醇、水系统的助溶相图。选择了萘普生溶解性能的合理的复合溶剂配比。结论：助溶相图对合理选择复合溶剂配比，了解溶液的可稀释程度具有一定指导意义。