水力吸泥-离心脱水疏浚过程的环境特征分析

城市建成区的中、小河道底泥污染特征为重金属和有机污染富集于浮动性表层底泥中 .以水力吸泥 -离心脱水组合疏浚工艺用于清理此种底泥的环境特征分析 ,采用现场疏浚操作时 ,同步进行相关物流与水体采样监测的方法进行 .结果显示 :水力吸泥的疏浚泥浆其污染物组成与原状底泥一致 ;泥浆经离心脱水后 ,80 %以上的颗粒物可回收于含固率高于 70 %的脱水泥饼中 ;脱水泥饼颗粒物的污染程度显著低于原状底泥 ;离心上清液浓缩了底泥中的各种污染物 ,其直接排入河道是造成水力疏浚过程水体水质损害的最主要因素 ;离心上清液可经混凝 -澄清 -过滤过程有效地净化 .研究证明该组合疏浚工艺配套离心上清液澄清后 ,可符合相关类型受污染底泥疏浚的环境保护要求 。

挖泥船疏浚过程关键传感器的选型

针对挖泥船在疏浚过程中所使用的传感器的型号繁杂,性能参差不齐,经常发生传感器数值不准或传感器易损坏的问题,分析国内外先进的疏浚船舶所用的疏浚关键传感器的原理、故障修复周期、传感器稳定性、使用过程中遇到的问题,提出适合疏浚工况的3大主要传感器,即密度计、流量计、管路泥浆压力传感器选型的核心技术指标及主要参考条件。

疏浚作业过程模型及作业优化方法

建立并分析了疏浚系统作业化的数学模型,明确定义了疏浚作业优化的目标,分析了系统特性以及系统正常运行的约束条件.提出了一种疏浚作业的在线优化方法,克服了现有疏浚作业优化方法离线进行以及不适用于自动疏浚作业过程连续优化等不足,论述了系统状态的评价和控制参数的决策方法.在线优化方法基于实时检测的系统作业参数进行作业优化,不依赖于对系统设备特性的准确描述,能够自动适应系统特性连续变化的实际作业过程.通过现场试验比较了现有离线优化方法和在线优化方法,结果显示,在线作业优化方案能够较稳定地将疏浚作业效率控制在比离线优化方法更高的水平上,疏浚作业过程更加平稳.

Research on the Solidification Mechanism Based on the Water Characteristic Curve of Solidified Dredged Sediment

The fractal model about water characteristics of solidified sediment was built according to the granular metric analysis curve of solidified dredged sediment, the measured value during the low-suction stage of the curing process was used for fitting parameters in the model to obtain the complete water characteristic curve of solidified dredged sediment. Then, the quantitative calculation model of capillary water, attached water, evaporated water and bound water was built by the water characteristic curve and from the view of quantitative angle, the paper analyzed the solidification mechanism of solidified dredged sediment. The result showed that： the model can realize the quantitative calculation about different tapes of water during the curing process, the evaporated water during the curing process mainly came from the capillary water, and the generated bound water during the curing reaction came from the attached water.