新版《一、二、三类动物疫病病种名录》变动内容分类与汇总

为帮助有关工作人员尽快掌握新版一、二、三类动物疫病病种名录,顺利开展相关工作,通过新旧版本对比,对2022版动物疫病病种目录更改内容进行梳理,供大家参考。

水生动物检疫概要

随着人民生活水平的提高,水生动物和水生动物产品已越来越多地出现在百姓的餐桌上,同时,伴随着水产养殖业的发展,水生动物的疫病也呈上升趋势。近年来,因食用水生动物而导致人发病的事件也时有发生。

Immune response to an indigenously developed r-Hepatitis B vaccine in mixed population: Study of an accelerated vaccination schedule

AIM: To establish the safety and efficacy of an indigenously developed r-hepatitis B vaccine using an accelerated schedule and to highlight the social awareness and commitment in preventing the spreading of hepatitis B virus infection. METHODS: The study was a multicentric, double blind, randomized (3:1) study using three doses of vaccine immunization schedule (20μg for those above 10 years old and 10 μg for those below 10 years old) on d 0, 30 and 60. One hundred and sixty-six subjects were enrolled (87 males and 76 females aged 5-35 years). The main outcome measure was assessment of immunogenicity and safety. RESULTS: A 100% seroconversion response was observed on the 30th d after the 1st injection in both the experimental groups. The sero-protection data reported a 41.2-65.6% response on the 30th d after the 1st injection and reached 100% on the 60th d. Descriptive statistical analysis showed a geometric mean titer value of 13.77 mIU/mL in the test (BEVAC) group and 10.95 mlU/mL in the commercial control (ENGERIX-B) group on the 30th d after the 1st injection. The response on the 60th d showed a geometric mean titre value (GMT) of 519.84 mlU/mL in the BEVAC group and 475.46 mlU/mL in the ENGERIX-B group. On the 90th d, the antibody titer response was observed to be 2627.58 mlU/mL in the BEVAC group and 2272.72 mlU/mL in the ENGERIX-B group. Two subjects in each group experienced pains at injection site after the first vaccination. A total of six subjects in both groups experienced a solicited adverse reaction, which included pains, swelling and redness at the injection site, three subjects in the group-B had a pain at the injection site after the third dose. No other serious adverse events occurred and no dose-related local or general symptoms were observed during the study. CONCLUSION: The vaccine is safe, efficacious and immunogenic in comparison with the well documented ENGERIX-B.

Four-year follow up of hepatitis C patients vaccinated against hepatitis B virus

AIM: Patients with chronic hepatitis C have been recommended to receive vaccinations against hepatitis B. Our study aimed at evaluating the hepatitis B immunogenicity and efficacy against hepatitis B virus infection 4 years after primary immunization series in a group of patients with chronic hepatitis C.METHODS: We recruited 36 out of 48 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected individuals who were vaccinated against hepatitis B virus (20 μg of recombinant HBsAg at 0-1-6mo schedule) in 1998. Here we measured anti-HBs titers and anti-HBc 4 years after delivery of the third dose of primary immunization series.RESULTS: After 4 years a total of 13/36 (36%) HCV infected patients had seroprotective titers of anti-HBs compared with 9/10 (90%) in the control group, (P＜0.05).Similarly the mean concentration of anti-HBs found in hepatitis C patients was significantly lower than that found in healthy subjects (18.3 and 156.0 mIU/mL respectively (P＜0.05). None of the HCV infected patients or controls became infected with HBV during the study period as confirmed by anti-HBc negativity.CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that 4 years after HBV immunizations' more than 60% of vaccinated HCV patients did not maintain seroprotective levels of anti-HBs, which might put them at risk of clinically significant breakthrough infections. Further follow-up studies are required to clarify whether memory B and T lymphocytes can provideprotection in chronic hepatitis C patients in the absence or inadequate titers of anti-HBs.

Comparison of Influenza Outbreaks in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Russia Induced by 2009 Yearly New Variant of А(H1N1) Influenza Virus

The aim of the work is the comparison of the epidemiology of influenza and acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) in the Republic of Kazakhstan with the corresponding influenza epidemic in Russia induced by influenza pandemic virus A/California/07/2009 in 2009.Data on influenza and ARVI from the Republic of Kazakhstan and Federal Center of influenza was collected and investigated over the course of several weeks from hospitalized patients with the same diagnosis among all population and in age groups on 16 territories of Kazakhstan and in 49 major cities of Russia.The epidemic in Kazakhstan resembled the Russian epidemic in terms of its abnormally early beginning,expression of monoaetiology,the spread of the epidemic into all territories and start of the epidemics among adult population.High percentage of hospitalized people and lethal outcome were registered in this epidemic.Similarity of epidemic process character in corresponding border-line territories of both countries was found out.

Evaluation of the Pathogenicity and Immune Response of Nervous Necrosis Virus Isolated in Vietnam

Eight strains of nervous necrosis virus （NNV） isolated in Vietnam were used to detect the pathogenicity and immune response in sea bass （SB）. All strains induced cytopathic effect in SB cell line, complete destruction of monolayer of cells appeared after seven days post infection （dpi）. Virus titer was different for each strain, TCIDso ranged from 102.7 to 1069, and LDs0 from 1015 to 1075. Five NNV strains named QN 02, QN 05, QN 07, ND 11 and KH 05 had higher virulence than the other three, the first causing 100% mortality in experimental fish 3-5 dpi. NNV KH 05 had the highest antigenic similarity, and it was inactivated completely by 0.2% formalin, 0.002 mol/L binary ethylenimine （BEI） and 0.1% beta-propiolactone. The neutralization antibody titer obtained in fish of groups immunized by BEI 0.002 M and beta-propiolactone 0.1% inactivated virus was four to eight times higher than that of the group treated with the formalin inactivated virus. The antibody titer in fish immunized with beta-propiolactone inactivated virus was more persistent. The efficacy of vaccines developed from beta-propiolactone inactivated virus and aluminium hydroxide （AH） or aluminum phosphate （AP） was observed by intramuscularly immunizing Epinephelusfuscoguttatus size 1.5 cm. Neutralizing antibodies appeared in vaccinated fish on 10th day post-immunization （dpi） at a dilution of 1：16; 1：32 and highest levels were reached on 30-45 dpi, at dilutions of 1：256 and 1：512, after treatment with AH and AP vaccine, respectively. The relative percent of survival （RPS） of vaccine at 30 dpi was highest with challenge doses 0.2-1 × 10^6.8 TCIDs0, the RPS varied from 80%-83.3% in both groups of AH and AP immunization. This result provides the basis for developing a vaccine against NNA disease.

The Experimental Study on Treating Transgenic HBV Mice with Recombined IL-2-PreS DNA Vaccine

The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility and mechanism of hIL-2-preS DNA vaccine as prevention and therapeutic approach against Hepatitis B. Eukaryon expression vector involving hIL-2 and preS gene was constructed with recombinant technique and transferred into normal BALB/c mice and HBV transgenic mice (Tg-Mice) respectively. Then a series of detection were performed: detection of anti-preS2, HBs antibody and HBsAg in BALB/c mice and Tg-mice with ELISA, quantification of HBV DNA copies in HBV Tg-mice serum with real-time PCR, determination of hepatitis degree with immunopathological HE staining and detection of liver function. Anti-preS1 can be detected at 4 th , 6 th and 10 th week in inoculated BALB/c mice. Injection with gene gun gained an advantage over muscular and subcutaneous injection since it acquired just 1/10 inoculation quantity (10 μg/mouse). Highest expression of IgG2a at 4 th week suggested Th1-mediated immune response, which facilitated HBV cleaning. Of all inoculated HBV Tg-mice, 80% of them showed anti-preS2, HBs antibody positive and HBV DNA decreased, and 20% showed negative for HBsAg. HE staining to hepatic tissue showed obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells, swelling and granular degeneration of hepatocytes. In our study, IL-2-preS DNA vaccine which can provoke the humoral and cellular immune response and break the immune tolerance supports the designation and construction of new vaccine against HBV and specific immune remedy for HBV continuous infection.

Advances on the Molecular Mechanism of the Interaction between Ralstonia solanacearum and Hosts

Ralstonia solanacearum is an important model phytopathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial wilt disease on many plant species and leads to serious economic losses. The interactions between R. solanacearum and host plants have become a model system for the study of plants and pathogens interactions. This paper reviews the advances on the molecular mechanisms between R. solanacearum and hosts interaction including the formation of plant innate immunity, the suppression of plant innate immunity by this pathogen and the activation of effector-triggered immunity. Furthermore, we made a prospect on how to utilize the interaction mechanism between R. solanacearum and hosts to control the disease.

Global stability of an SEIR epidemic model with vaccination

In this paper, an SEIR epidemic model with vaccination is formulated. The results of our mathematical analysis indicate that the basic reproduction number plays an important role in studying the dynamics of the system. If the basic reproduction number is less than unity, it is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable by comparison arguments. If it is greater than unity, the system is permanent and there is a unique endemic equilibrium. In this case, sufficient conditions are established to guarantee the global stability of the endemic equilibrium by the theory of the compound matrices. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the main results.