黄芪多糖对鸡新城疫和传染性腔上囊病疫苗免疫力的影响

将黄芪多糖 (APS)分别按 0、2 .5、5 .0、10 .0mg/只 ,以点眼、滴鼻、皮下注射、肌肉注射的不同方式 ,分别与鸡NDⅠ系、NDⅣ系、ND油乳剂苗和IBD冻干苗同时接种于 4组 (每组 35只 )健康非免疫雏鸡 ,对血清中ND、IBD抗体效价及脾、腔上囊重量的变化进行了动态观察。检测结果 :各APS组血清ND、IBD抗体效价显著高于APS空白组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其中以APS 5 .0mg/只组的抗体效价最高 ;除ND油乳剂苗各APS组和NDⅣ系APS 2 .5mg/只在 12日龄测定值外 ,各APS组脾和腔上囊重量显著高于APS空白组 (P <0 .0 5 )。试验表明 ,APS可用作鸡疫苗的免疫佐剂提高鸡的免疫力 ;点眼、滴鼻、皮下注射、肌肉注射的接种方式不影响APS提高鸡免疫力的作用 ;APS以 5 .

Construction and Immunogenicity of Associated DNA Vaccine of PRRS and PCV-2 Disease

[ Objective ] The aim of the study was to construct associated DNA vaccine of PRRS （Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome） and PCV-2 （Porcine circovirus type 2） disease and study its immunogenicity. [ Method] In_ this study, the ORF5 gene of PRRSV isolated in Liaoning was cloned into plRES-neo expression vector, and the neo gene of plRES-neo expression vector was substituted by the ORF2 gene of the PCV-2 Mongolia strain to construct the recombinant expression vector. The expression in BHK cells was detected through Western blot and IFA. Then the ELISA antibody level and the number of spleen T lymphocytes were detected after Balb/c mice were immunized with this DNA vaccine. E Result] The recombinant plasmid plRES-ORF2-ORF5 was constructed successfully and could express the target proteins in BHK cells, as indicated by Western blot and IFA. There was no significant difference in ELISA antibody between plRES-ORF2-ORF5 immunized group and inactived vaccine immunized groups, while the number of spleen T lymphocytes induced by DNA vaccine was higher than that induced by inactived vaccine. [ Conclusion] The recombinant plasmid plRES-ORF2-ORF5 should induce good humoral immune response and cellular immune response in mice, providing the conditions for better prevention and control of PRRS and PCV-2 disease.

Immunogenicity and protective role of antigenic regions from five outer membrane proteins of Flavobacterium columnare in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella

Flavobacterium columnare causes columnaris disease in freshwater fi sh. In the present study, the antigenic regions of fi ve outer membrane proteins(OMPs), including zinc metalloprotease, prolyl oligopeptidase, thermolysin, collagenase and chondroitin AC lyase, were bioinformatically analyzed, fused together, and then expressed as a recombinant fusion protein in Escherichia coli. The expressed protein of 95.6 k Da, as estimated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was consistent with the molecular weight deduced from the amino acid sequence. The purifi ed recombinant protein was used to vaccinate the grass carp, C tenopharyngodon idella. Following vaccination of the fi sh their Ig M antibody levels were examined, as was the expression of I g M, Ig D and Ig Z immunoglobulin genes and other genes such as MHC Iα and MHC I I β, which are also involved in adaptive immunity. Interleukin genes( IL), including I L- 1β, IL- 8 and I L- 10, and type I and type II interferon(I FN) genes were also examined. At 3 and 4 weeks post-vaccination(wpv), signifi cant increases in Ig M antibody levels were observed in the fi sh vaccinated with the recombinant fusion protein, and an increase in the expression levels of I g M, Ig D and Ig Z genes was also detected following the vaccinations, thus indicating that an adaptive immune response was induced by the vaccinations. Early increases in the expression levels of IL and IFN genes were also observed in the vaccinated fi sh. At four wpv, the fi sh were challenged with F. column a re, and the vaccinated fi sh showed a good level of protection against this pathogen, with 39% relative percent survival(RPS) compared with the control group. It can be concluded, therefore, that the fi ve OMPs, in the form of a recombinant fusion protein vaccine, induced an immune response in fi sh and protection against F. columnare.

HIV Vaccine-Challenges and Opportunities

The need for an efficacious HIV/AIDS vaccine remains the highest priority of the world HIV/AIDS agenda. The generation of an efficacious HIV/AIDS vaccine proves an enormous scientific challenge. This article reviews the neutralizing antibody problem,elusive immune protection,im-munogen design,pre-existing anti-vector immunity and design of phase 3 vaccine trials and the challenges and opportunities in development of HIV/AIDS vaccine are discussed.

Exhaustive Exercise Does Not Affect Humoral Immunity and Protection after Rabies Vaccination in a Mouse Model

Rabies is one of the most dangerous and widespread zoonosis and is characterized by severe neurological signs and a high case-mortality rate of nearly 100%. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent rabies in humans and animals. In this study, the relationship between exhaustive exercise and the humoral immune response after immunization with inactivated rabies vaccine was investigated in a mouse model with one-time exhaustive exercise. It was found that compared with the mice with no exercise after vaccination, no significant differences were found in those with exhaustive exercise after vaccination on body-weight changes, virus-neutralizing antibody(VNA) titers, antibody subtypes and survivor ratio after lethal rabies virus(RABV) challenge. This study indicated that exhaustive exercise does not reduce the effects of the rabies inactivated vaccine.