常住4500m以上地区平原移居人群的发病情况调查

目的对常住4 500 m以上较高海拔地区平原移居人群的发病情况进行调查。方法由医务人员携带仪器设备到4 500 m以上的高海拔地区现场,对常住该地区的平原移居人群进行体检,项目包括病史询问、常规查体及各种辅助检查,并对其疾病适应力进行分析。结果调查长期居住4 500 m以上高海拔地区的平原移居对象2 340例,其常见疾病主要有30多种,患病人数达1 084人,患病率高达46.32%。其中同时患3种以上疾病者占患病总人数的24.58%;慢性高原适应不全、高原红细胞增多症、心肌缺血、失眠、高原性心脏病、血压异常、高尿酸血症、关节炎、脱发、反甲、皮肤病、眼病较为常见,且均达10%以上;其常见临床症状主要有头昏头痛、心悸、胸闷、咳嗽、失眠、多梦、耳鸣、记忆力下降、注意力不集中、情绪不稳定、疲劳、食欲下降、体质量下降等;且常见病的患病率随海拔高度及移居高原时间的增加而升高。结论常住4 500 m以上较高海拔地区的平原移居人群在长期低氧暴露下机体对疾病的适应能力明显下降,其常见疾病的患病率较高,且患病率随着海拔高度及移居高原时间的增加而升高,同时身患多种疾病者较普遍。

Gastric accommodation assessed by ultrasonography

Gastric accommodation is important for the understanding of the pathophysiology in functional dyspepsia and is also relevant for symptom generation in other disorders. The term gastric accommodation has at least three different meanings： The accommodation process, the accommodation reflex, and the accommodation response. The gastric accommodation process is a complex phenomenon that describes how the size of the gastric compartment changes in response to a meal. The electronic barostat is considered the gold standard in assessing gastric accommodation. Imaging methods, including MRI, SPECT, and ultrasonography may also be used, particularly in patients who are stress-responsive, e.g. functional dyspepsia patients, as a non-invasive and less stress-inducing method is favourable. Ultrasonography satisfies these criteria as it does not by itself distort the physiological response in stress-responsive individuals.