手足口病发病危险因素的病例对照研究分析

目的:了解与分析本市儿童手足口病发生的主要危险因素,为手足口病具体的预防控制工作提供科学的依据。方法:收治患手足口病儿童86名与选取的86名对照儿童进行回顾性问卷调查,运用SPSS软件对调查的结果进行单因素分析及Logistic回归分析。结果:分析结果显示儿童手足口病的危险因素有EV71感染、手足口病病例接触史、儿童饭前不洗手、咬手指、家长预防知识的欠缺,其中手足口病接触史、饭前不洗手、咬手指、家长预防知识欠缺4个因素有增加手足口病发病的风险。结论:为了防止手足口病的发生,需提高家长对手足口病的认识及卫生保健的意识,养成儿童良好的生活卫生习惯,加强对儿童密集场所的监督与管理等措施。

2型糖尿病并发末梢神经病变的危险因素:1∶1病例对照(英文)

背景:多种相关因素影响糖尿病末梢神经病变的发生率。这些相关因素也可表现在单纯糖尿病患者身上,其中的哪些因素参与糖尿病患者发生末梢神经病变的发生过程?目的:分析2型糖尿病患者并发末梢神经病变的危险因素。设计:以医院为基础的1∶1配对病例对照。单位:天津医科大学公共卫生学院。对象:选择2002-12/2003-11就诊于天津医科大学代谢病医院的门诊或住院的111例糖尿病末梢神经病变患者作为糖尿病末梢神经病变组。其中男53例,女性58例。纳入标准:依据1997年美国糖尿病协会推荐的糖尿病诊断标准,2型糖尿病的分型按1997年ADA分型方案[7];神经反射检查,跟腱反射、膝腱反射等减退或消失,痛温振动觉检查,痛温觉减退或消失,音叉振动觉减退或消失。选择同期本院门诊及住院的单纯糖尿病患者111例为对照组。纳入对象均对纳入情况知情同意。方法:于患者住院或门诊就诊时应用自制调查表进行调查。调查表包括患者的一般情况、既往史等80多项目。记录患者的实验室检查结果:包括血糖控制情况,基础代谢率,腰臀围比值,收缩压,舒张压,尿素氮,肌酐,尿酸,生化检查,跟腱反射,膝腱反射,振动觉,巴氏征阳性,心电图。将资料分类输入计算机,运用多因素条件Logistic回归分析,建立主效应方程分析糖尿病末梢神经病变的危险因素。主要观察指标:糖尿病末梢神经病变的相关因素.结果:纳入111例糖尿病末梢神经病变患者和111例单纯糖尿病患者全部进入结果分析。糖尿病末梢神经病变发生的保护性因素包括:文化程度高、治疗方法力度大、现患冠心病、饮茶;危险因素包括:糖尿病病程长、血糖控制不良、使用胰岛素、合并糖尿病肾病、合并糖尿病视网膜病变、主诉眩晕症状、皮肤干燥、现患高血压、既往酮症、患糖尿病前肉类食物的摄入较多、既往吸烟、创伤经历、腰臀比超标、血胆固醇水平高。多因素Logistic回归分析示糖尿病末梢神经病变发生的危险因素有6个:糖尿病病程、使用胰岛素、主诉眩晕症状、糖尿病前肉类食物摄入较多、饮酒以及既往创伤经历。结论:糖尿病末梢神经病变与多种因素相关,在2型糖尿病患者中,糖尿病病程长、使用胰岛素、主诉眩晕症状、糖尿病前肉类食物摄入较多、饮酒、既往创伤史会增加糖尿病神经病变的发生危险。应在糖尿病末梢神经病变的防治过程中特别予以注意。

广西肝癌高发区原发性肝癌危险因素Logistic回归分析

目的:探讨广西肝癌高发区原发性肝癌的危险因素,进一步为原发性肝癌危险因素的综合防治措施提供依据。方法:采用病例对照研究的方法,对原发性肝癌患者和对照组各500例进行了一般情况、生活方式、社会心理因素、疾病史等调查;通过非条件Logistic回归模型进行单因素与多因素的分析。结果:经单因素分析和多因素分析结果显示,影响原发性肝癌发病的主要危险因素为HBV感染、肝癌家族史、糖尿病、经济收入、食鱼生、饮酒、进餐无规律、药物、农药、精神压抑、B血型、B型性格,其OR值分别是13.48、5.59、7.73、2.94、9.93、2.12、2.30、2.87、2.03、5.69、3.58、3.68。结论:HBV感染、肝癌家族史、糖尿病、经济收入、食鱼生、饮酒、进餐无规律、药物、农药、精神压抑、B型血、B型性格为广西肝癌高发区原发性肝癌的危险因素。

海口市城中村老年2型糖尿病患者多因素Logistic回归分析

目的分析2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者相关危险因素,并探讨相应的预防控制措施。方法对海口市城中村老年居民进行T2DM的病例对照研究,包括1 375例患者和1 362例对照,进行临床资料收集和问卷调查。结果与T2DM发病有关的保护因素包括体力活动强度(单因素Logistic回归OR=0.65,P=0.023;多因素Logistic回归OR=0.89,P=0.006)、睡眠时间(OR=0.50,P=0.006);危险因素包括年龄、糖尿病家族史、高脂饮食、高热量饮食、吸烟、饮酒、平时紧张和激动程度、超重、向心性肥胖、全身性肥胖、血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血压等,均OR>1,P<0.05。结论 T2DM发病危险因素广泛,是遗传、环境(社会环境、生活环境)、生活方式等多因素共同作用的结果。

Vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms and risk of lung cancer

Objective:We investigated the potential association between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) polymorphisms and the risk of lung cancer.Methods:In the case-control study, we used PCR-RFLP technique to determine two VEGF genotypes-2578C/A and 936C/T in 171 lung cancer patients and 172 healthy controls for conformation, and constructed haplotypes of the two gene sites by PHASE1.0 software.Unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the statistical association of genontypes or haplotypes in the two groups adjusted by gender and age.Results:Compared with at least one-2578A allele, individuals with-2578CC genotype found associated with a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer P=0.001;adjusted odds ratio(OR), 0.391;95% confidence interval(95% CI), 0.226-0.686.Analyses stratified by gender showed that the combined-2578 CA and AA genotype were also associated with a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer.(P = 0.016;OR = 0.303;95% CI = 0.153-0.601 and P = 0.018;OR = 0.547;95% CI = 0.331-0.903, respectively).The distribution of the two haplotypes(936C/-2578C and 936C/-2578A) were significantly different between case-and-control groups(P = 0.016, OR = 0.317, 95% CI = 0.124-0.809 and P = 0.018, OR = 0.547, 95% CI = 0.331-0.903).Analyses categorized by tumor histology showed that Haplotype C-C was associated with a significantly decreased risk of adenocarcinoma compared with the reference haplotypes.(P = 0.004;OR = 0.237;95% CI = 0.090-0.627).Conclusion:These results suggest that the VEGF polymorphisms may be a critical factor for the risk of lung cancer.

Status of Clinical Application of Yufeng Ningxin Preparations and the Meta-Analysis of Its Efficacy and Safety in the Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the status of the clinical application of Yufeng Ningxin(YFNX)preparations and systematically evaluate their efficacy and safety in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods Through searching databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,SinoMed,VIP,PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library,the literature of clinical research on YFNX preparations in treating malignant tumors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases from the establishment of the databases to February 2021 was collected.The clinical randomized controlled trials and case-control studies of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases treated with these preparations were analyzed.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data,and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies,and meta analysis was performed by using ReMan 5.3 software to analyze the eficacy and safety of YFNX preparations in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Results A total of 29 clinical studies were finally included.The dosage forms were dropping plls,tablets,capsules,and granules.The preparations were used for the treatment of coronary heart disease,hypertension,neuropathic headache,etc.This study systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of YFNX preparations in the treatment of coronary heart disease,hypertension,and nervous headache.A total of 1,162 cases were included in 13 studies,582 cases of the YFNX preparation group and 580 cases of the Western medicine group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the clinical efficacy of YFNX preparations combined with the Western medicine group in the treatment of coronary heart disease and hypertension,improving electrocardiogram and reducing the frequency and duration of angina attacks,was better than that of the simple Western medicine group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion YFNX preparations are effective for coronary heart disease,hypertension,and neuropathic headache,and the adverse reactions are few.