日前，中圈农业科学院上兽医研究所动物流感病原生态学创新团队首次阐明坦布苏病毒不依赖蚊媒直接在动物问传播的分子基础，为新型疫苗的研制提供了理论依据。相关研究成果发表在《病毒学杂志（Journal of Virology）》上，自2010年以...日前，中圈农业科学院上兽医研究所动物流感病原生态学创新团队首次阐明坦布苏病毒不依赖蚊媒直接在动物问传播的分子基础，为新型疫苗的研制提供了理论依据。相关研究成果发表在《病毒学杂志（Journal of Virology）》上，自2010年以来，新发鸭坦布苏病毒病在我国鸭群中广泛流行，给我国鸭养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。展开更多
Cultural practices, hand collection of larvae, light traps and entomopathogenic fungi were investigated to manage of palm borers Oryctes spp. in date palm orchards during the years 2010-2015. Cultural practices, such ...Cultural practices, hand collection of larvae, light traps and entomopathogenic fungi were investigated to manage of palm borers Oryctes spp. in date palm orchards during the years 2010-2015. Cultural practices, such as sanitation and pruning frond bases, hand collection of larvae during regular annual service work and light traps with solar energy were practiced annually in one orchard for five years. In the second orchard, cultural practices were applied for two years, light trap for one year only, and no hand collection of larvae was done during the period. The third orchard was used as a control treatment. Results showed reduction in population density of larvae （91.6% and 53.0%） and adult （76.1% and 41.1%） ofOryects spp. in the 1st and 2nd orchard, respectively The results also demonstrated the impact of moon light phases on the number of Oryctes spp. adults caught by light trap and the existence of an inverse relation between moon light and flight activity of adults. Biological experiments also revealed that entomopathogenic fungi can cause high mortality rate reaching 100% after 29 d. Beauveria bassiana scored higher mortality rate in short time, especially at concentration of 1 × 10^11 conidia/mL with LT50 = 12.75 and LT90 = 20; while, Metarhizium anisopliae caused the higher percentage of malformed adults. The results depicted the effectiveness of some integrated ecological sound control methods for monitoring and population suppression of Oryects spp. in date palm orchards.展开更多
Rapid and reliable diagnostics and identification of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria are at the top of the agenda. In the first case, they are important to control and prevent crop damages, and thus reduce economic ...Rapid and reliable diagnostics and identification of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria are at the top of the agenda. In the first case, they are important to control and prevent crop damages, and thus reduce economic losses. In the second, it＇s necessary to design and monitor quality of biofertilizer to raise its effectiveness and crop capacity. Development of accurately, rapidly, technically and commercially accessible methods remains a critical problem for the bacteria with comprehensive phylogenetic structure. In this work, we investigated pathogenic Xanthomonas and Ralstonia and symbiotic Sinorhizobium. The aim of this investigation was to examine the applicability of the novel methods for phylogenetic study, identification and diagnostics of closely related species of these genera. The conventional phenotypic and genotypic （16S rRNA, gyrB） methods were applied as referents. Novel polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-based approaches, single-adapter amplified fragment length polymorphism （saAFLP） and comparative analyses of hin-region and Xcc0006-0007 sequences, were first employed for the investigations. Phenotypic tests, 16S rRNA and gyrB analysis distinguished bacteria at the genus level, but failed to identify them to the species robustly. The new methods identified bacteria at the inter-species level more precisely. This identification agreed with the accepted genera＇s classifications. The only exceptions were X. fuscans ＆ X. cirri and X. perforance ＆ X. euvesicatoria which clustered together. The further outcome of this study was achieved hin-region-based genus-specific PCR primers for the express-diagnostics of the genera. Summary, these new methods can be applied for genome-based phylogeny investigations and as convenient and accurate tools for identification and routine laboratory diagnostics of these comprehensive genera.展开更多
文摘日前，中圈农业科学院上兽医研究所动物流感病原生态学创新团队首次阐明坦布苏病毒不依赖蚊媒直接在动物问传播的分子基础，为新型疫苗的研制提供了理论依据。相关研究成果发表在《病毒学杂志（Journal of Virology）》上，自2010年以来，新发鸭坦布苏病毒病在我国鸭群中广泛流行，给我国鸭养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。
文摘Cultural practices, hand collection of larvae, light traps and entomopathogenic fungi were investigated to manage of palm borers Oryctes spp. in date palm orchards during the years 2010-2015. Cultural practices, such as sanitation and pruning frond bases, hand collection of larvae during regular annual service work and light traps with solar energy were practiced annually in one orchard for five years. In the second orchard, cultural practices were applied for two years, light trap for one year only, and no hand collection of larvae was done during the period. The third orchard was used as a control treatment. Results showed reduction in population density of larvae （91.6% and 53.0%） and adult （76.1% and 41.1%） ofOryects spp. in the 1st and 2nd orchard, respectively The results also demonstrated the impact of moon light phases on the number of Oryctes spp. adults caught by light trap and the existence of an inverse relation between moon light and flight activity of adults. Biological experiments also revealed that entomopathogenic fungi can cause high mortality rate reaching 100% after 29 d. Beauveria bassiana scored higher mortality rate in short time, especially at concentration of 1 × 10^11 conidia/mL with LT50 = 12.75 and LT90 = 20; while, Metarhizium anisopliae caused the higher percentage of malformed adults. The results depicted the effectiveness of some integrated ecological sound control methods for monitoring and population suppression of Oryects spp. in date palm orchards.
文摘Rapid and reliable diagnostics and identification of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria are at the top of the agenda. In the first case, they are important to control and prevent crop damages, and thus reduce economic losses. In the second, it＇s necessary to design and monitor quality of biofertilizer to raise its effectiveness and crop capacity. Development of accurately, rapidly, technically and commercially accessible methods remains a critical problem for the bacteria with comprehensive phylogenetic structure. In this work, we investigated pathogenic Xanthomonas and Ralstonia and symbiotic Sinorhizobium. The aim of this investigation was to examine the applicability of the novel methods for phylogenetic study, identification and diagnostics of closely related species of these genera. The conventional phenotypic and genotypic （16S rRNA, gyrB） methods were applied as referents. Novel polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-based approaches, single-adapter amplified fragment length polymorphism （saAFLP） and comparative analyses of hin-region and Xcc0006-0007 sequences, were first employed for the investigations. Phenotypic tests, 16S rRNA and gyrB analysis distinguished bacteria at the genus level, but failed to identify them to the species robustly. The new methods identified bacteria at the inter-species level more precisely. This identification agreed with the accepted genera＇s classifications. The only exceptions were X. fuscans ＆ X. cirri and X. perforance ＆ X. euvesicatoria which clustered together. The further outcome of this study was achieved hin-region-based genus-specific PCR primers for the express-diagnostics of the genera. Summary, these new methods can be applied for genome-based phylogeny investigations and as convenient and accurate tools for identification and routine laboratory diagnostics of these comprehensive genera.
