不同药剂对江苏盐城温室黄瓜新病害靶斑病的室内毒力和田间防效

为了筛选出防效较好的药剂,给生产上防治黄瓜靶斑病提供合理有效的用药方案,采用离体试验和田间试验相结合的方式,进行3种不同的杀菌剂对黄瓜靶斑病病原菌的离体抑制试验以及田间防效试验。结果发现,黄瓜产量与药剂的防效能力呈极显著正相关,其中3种不同的单一杀菌剂中以35%苯甲咪鲜胺水乳剂500倍液防控黄瓜靶斑病效果最佳,最高防效达到87%,其对棒孢菌的生长抑制也是最强;其次是43%氟菌肟菌酯悬浮剂1000倍液和甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂1000倍液;三者以1∶3∶1的比例混配后对黄瓜靶斑病病原菌生长抑制效果最好,病害防控效果最高;3种药剂对黄瓜植株的生长发育及果实的商品性均没有明显影响,即药剂的安全性良好。所以在实际的农业生产中适当喷施安全性好的药剂是避免经济损失的一种良好的防控措施。

医院门诊处方中抗菌药物的使用状况分析

目的:分析探究我院门诊处方用药(中西药)的使用状况,对加强合理用药性监管以及提高处方质量提供科学依据。方法:随机抽取使用门诊抗菌药物的300例患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组和实验组,实验组给予中药处方的抗菌药物,对照组采用西药处方的抗菌药物,比较两组门诊处方抗菌药物使用状况并进行抽查分析。观察抗菌药物使用频度、用药天数、药物总用量、药物有效指标以及对患者的危害率等,并进行分析。结果:实验组应用例数明显高于对照组,实验组应用频率明显高于对照组。结论:门诊用药情况合理,能准确配合疾病用药,中医抗菌药物对患者的危害少于对照组,故临床可合理选择使用中药抗菌药物。

In Vitro Hyphal Growth Inhibition of Plant Pathogenic Fungi by Corrigiola Telephiifolia Extracts

The sugar beet root rot and Bayoud disease, respectively caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusarium oxysporum albedinis, are major agricultural problems in Morocco, affecting its economical and social conditions. As of now, no effective control method of these phytopathogens is available. Therefore the search for new efficient and ecologically undamaging fungicides was essential. The present study reports the antifungal activity of five organic extracts of Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr., a Moroccan medicinal plant, against these fungi using mycelial growth inhibition assays （in vitro）. The extracts concentration varied from 0.01 to 1 mg.mlt. Also, preliminary information on the chemical composition of the extracts is included. The results showed a difference in sensitivity of both fungi toward the plant extracts. The mycelia growth of Sclerotium rolfsii was concentration and time-dependant. It was markedly inhibited by the polar extracts especially at high dose （p〈 0.001）. While Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis was much less sensitive.