七味白术散对人轮状病毒在培养细胞内复制的抑制作用

七味白术散在ＭＡ１０４细胞单层上对人轮状病毒复制具有抑制作用，其抑制５０％病毒空斑数目的浓度为１００ｍｇ／ｍｌ，在该浓度下病毒繁殖指数下降１．８６，病毒ＲＮＡ合成被抑制约６０％。药物对培养细胞毒性低，并有促进培养细胞生长和增殖，延长病毒感染细胞存活时间和促进感染细胞新生作用。

高密度脂蛋白的体外抑制病毒作用研究

高密度脂蛋白的体外抑制病毒作用研究１３００６１吉林省血液中心杨宝田门小菲任海波赵晏丰金成日王倩张兴义白求恩医科大学李凡邓继业病毒是传染病中一类主要病原，虽然目前疫苗接种已成为控制病毒性传染病的一种手段，但并未使其得到完全控制。近年来发现，高密度脂蛋白...

栀子等中药抑制柯萨奇B3病毒的体外实验研究

目的探讨栀子、黄连、黄芩、大青叶及复方制剂在体外抗柯萨奇B3病毒(CVB3)的作用。方法用细胞培养技术比较栀子、黄连、黄芩、大青叶及复方制剂等药物对CVB3引起的细胞病变的抑制作用。结果黄芩抗病毒作用最强,治疗指数(TI)为35.09;黄连抑制病毒增殖的作用最强,TI为83;栀子抑制病毒吸附和增殖作用最强,TI为238.09。结论栀子、黄连、黄芩、大青叶及复方制剂等药物对CVB3增殖的不同环节均有抑制作用。

硫酸金刚烷胺与盐酸金刚烷胺对流感病毒的作用比较

目的 比较金刚烷胺硫酸盐和盐酸盐体外对流感病毒的抑制作用。方法 采用MDCK细胞 ,测定金刚烷胺 2种盐的半数中毒浓度 (TD50 )和抑制流感病毒A3 的半数有效浓度 (IC50 )。结果 硫酸金刚烷胺和盐酸金刚烷胺对流感病毒A3的TD50 分别为 0 390± 0 0 85 μM·ml-1和 0 188± 0 0 4 2 μM·ml-1,IC50 分别为 0 0 4 8± 0 0 12 μM·ml-1和 0 0 5 6± 0 0 0 4 μM·ml-1。结论 硫酸金刚烷胺与盐酸金刚烷胺在体外对流感病毒A3

慢性乙型肝炎患者病毒治疗停药的几个问题

随着慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗理念的不断加强，越来越多的患者开始接受抗病毒治疗。目前可供我们选择的抗病毒药物有2类：一类是核苷（酸）类药物，一类是干扰素。核苷（酸）类药物因具有服用方便、安全性好、抑制病毒作用快等特点成为很多患者的首选，但这类药物需要长期服用，停药容易复发。

儿童保健袋抗病作用的实验观察

儿童保健袋是用含有芳香开窍功能的中草药制成的。将其放于衣兜、枕边,其中药芳香气味不断被人身吸收,以提高机体抗病能力。为观察该保健袋在增强儿童体质、提高其抗病能力的效果,1989年我站对150名学龄前儿童带保健袋前后的若干指标进行了实验观察,现将结果总结如下:

乙肝抗病毒治疗需要多长时间

目前乙肝抗病毒治疗已经取得重大进展，以核苷类抗病毒药物为代表的一批新药，在临床一线发挥着举足轻重的治疗作用。这批药物包括恩替卡韦、阿德福韦、替诺福韦、替比夫定、恩曲他滨、拉米夫定等。最早使用的第一代核苷类抗病毒药物，例如更昔洛韦、泛昔洛韦等，由于疗效不佳以及不良反应严重等问题，现已不再用于治疗乙肝。第二代核苷类抗病毒药物的代表是拉米夫定，该药自1999底开始在我国使用，抑制病毒作用非常显著，没有明显不良反应。但是随着用药时间的延长，发现该药容易出现病毒变异耐药现象，而且以每年15％-20％的速度递增，导致抗病毒治疗的效果锐减，有些患者病情会加重。因此，拉米夫定也不是长期治疗的理想药物。

Inhibitory effect of emodin and Astragalus polysaccharide on the replication of HBV

AIM: To evaluate the anti-viral effect of emodin plus Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice.METHODS: Sixty HBV transgenic mice (HBV TGM) whose weight varied between 18 and 24 g were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 20 mice in each group. Group A was the normal control, where the mice were treated with physiological saline; group B was the positive control where the mice were treated with lamivudine solution (100 mL/kg per day). Group C was the experimental group where the mice were treated with physiological saline containing emodin and APS (57.59 mg/kg per day and 287.95 mg/kg per day, respectively). The mice were treated daily for 3 wk. After 1 wk recovery time, the mice were sacrifi ced and serum as well as liver tissues were collected for ELISA and histological examination.RESULTS: After 21 d treatment, HBV DNA levels in group B and group C significantly declined when compared with group A (P < 0.05). However, a signif icant increase in HBV DNA content was observed in group B, whereas this phenomenon was not observed in group C. A reduction in the contents of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAg in the mice from group B and C was observed when compared with group A.CONCLUSION: Emodin and APS have a weak but persistent inhibitory effect on HBV replication in vivo, which may function as a supplementary modality in the treatment of hepatitis B infection.

Down-regulation of HIV-1 Infection by Inhibition of the MAPK Signaling Pathway

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） can interact with and exploit the host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate itself. Numerous studies have shown that the Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signal pathway can positively regulate the replication of HIV-1, but exactly how each MAPK pathway affects HIV-1 infection and replication is not understood. In this study, we used the Extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） pathway inhibitor, PD98059, the Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） pathway inhibitor, SP600125, and the p38 pathway inhibitor, SB203580, to investigate the roles of these pathways in HIV-1 replication. We found that application of PD98059 results in a strong VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1NL4-3 luciferase reporter virus and HIV-1NL4-3 virus inhibition activity. In addition, SB203580 and SP600125 also elicited marked VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-INL4-3 luciferase reporter virus inhibition activity but no HIV-1NL4-3 virus inhibition activity. We also found that SB203580 and SP600125 can enhance the HIV-1 inhibition activity of PD98059 when cells were treated with all three MAPK pathway inhibitors in combination. Finally, we show that HIV-1 virus inhibition activity of the MAPK pathway inhibitors was the result of the negative regulation of HIV-1 LTR promoter activity.

Neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of hepatitis world-wide. The majority of infected individuals develop chronic hepatitis which can then progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous viral clearance occurs in about 20%-30% of acutely infected individuals and results in resolution of infection without sequaelae. Both viral and host factors appear to play an important role for resolution of acute infection. A large body of evidence suggests that a strong, multispecific and long-lasting cellular immune response appears to be important for control of viral infection in acute hepatitis C. Due too the lack of convenient neutralization assays, the impact of neutralizing responses for control of viral infection had been less defined. In recent years, the development of robust tissue culture model systems for HCV entry and infection has finally allowed study of antibody-mediated neutralization and to gain further insights into viral targets of host neutralizing responses. In addition, detailed analysis of antibody-mediated neutralization in individual patients as well as cohorts with well defined viral isolates has enabled the study of neutralizing responses in the course of HCV infection and characterization of the impact of neutralizing antibodiesfor control of viral infection. This review will summarize recent progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization and its impact for HCV pathogenesis.

Inhibition of genes expression of SARS coronavirus by synthetic small interfering RNAs

RNA interference (RNAi) is triggered by the presence of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and results in the silencing of homologous gene expression through the specific degradation of an mRNA containing the same sequence. dsRNAmediated RNAi can be used in a wide variety of eucaryotes to induce the sequence-specific inhibition of gene expression.Synthetic 21-23 nucleotide (nt) small interfering RNA (siRNA) with 2 nt 3' overhangs was recently found to mediate efficient sequence-specific mRNA degradation in mammalian cells. Here, we studied the effects of synthetic siRNA duplexes targeted to SARS coronavirus structural proteins E, M, and N in a cell culture system. Among total 26 siRNA duplexes, we obtained 3 siRNA duplexes which could sequence-specifically reduce target genes expression over 80％ at the concentration of 60 nM in Vero E6 cells. The downregulation effect was in correlation with the concentrations of the siRNA duplexes in a range of 0～60 nM. Our results also showed that many inactive siRNA duplexes may be brought to life simply by unpairing the 5' end of the antisense strands. Results suggest that siRNA is capable of inhibiting SARS coronavirus genes expression and thus may be a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of SARS.

Combination of small interfering RNA and lamivudine on inhibition of human B virus replication in HepG2.2.15 cells

AIM: To observe the inhibition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and expression by combination of siRNA and lamivudine in HepG2.2.15 cells. METHODS: Recombinant plasmid psil-HBV was constructed and transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells. The transfected cells were cultured in lamivudine-containing medium (0.05 μmol/L) and harvested at 48, 72 and 96 h. The concentration of HBeAg and HBsAg was determined using ELISA. HBV DNA replication was examined by real- time PCR and the level of HBV mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS: In HepG2.2.15 cells treated with combination of siRNA and lamivudine, the secretion of HBeAg and HBsAg into the supernatant was found to be inhibited by 91.80% and 82.40% (2.89 ± 0.48 vs 11.73 ± 0.38, P < 0.05; 4.59 ± 0.57 vs 16.25 ± 0.48, P < 0.05) at 96 h, respectively; the number of HBV DNA copies within culture medium was also significantly decreased at 96 h (1.04 ± 0.26 vs 8.35 ± 0.33, P < 0.05). Moreover, mRNA concentration in HepG2.2.15 cells treated with combination of siRNA and lamivudine was obviously lower compared to those treated either with siRNA or lamivudine (19.44 ± 0.17 vs 33.27 ± 0.21 or 79.9 ± 0.13, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Combination of siRNA and lamivudine is more effective in inhibiting HBV replication as compared to the single use of siRNA or lamivudine in HepG2.2.15 cells.

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus surface antigen expression by small hairpin RNA in vitro

AIM: To explore the anti-hepatitis B virus effect of RNA interference (RNAi) using small hairpin RNA (shRNA)expression vector.METHODS: Hepatitis B virus surface antigen green fluorescent protein (HBs-GFP) fusion vector and shRNA expression vectors were constructed and cotransfected transiently into HepG2 cells. mRNAs extracted from HepG2 cells were detected by real-time PCR. Fluorescence of HBs-GFP protein was detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The effective shRNA expression vector was transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells. HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells were analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) method.RESULTS: FACS revealed that shRNA targeting at HBsAg reduced the GFP signal by 56% compared to the control.Real-time PCR showed that HBs-GFP mRNA extracted from HepG2 cells cotransfected with pAVU6+27 and HBs-GFP expression plasmids decreased by 90% compared to the empty vector control. The expressions of HBsAg and HBeAg were also inhibited by 43% and 64%, respectively.CONCLUSION: RNAi using shRNA expression vector can inhibit the expression of HBsAg, providing a fresh approach to screening the efficient small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).

参柴冲剂治疗慢性乙型肝炎40例(摘要)

目的:观察参柴冲剂治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的临床效果。方法:选择确诊为慢性乙型肝炎(轻、中度)病人70例,随机分成2组,治疗组40例,对照组30例,两组均在常规支持、对症治疗的基础上,治疗组服用参柴冲剂(成都华宇制药有限公司产品),每日3次,每次5g,对照组服用利肝隆(泸州制药厂产品)冲剂,每日3次,每次10g,连续服用3个月。

Inhibition of lung cancer stem cells self-renewal and tumorigenicity by lentivirus-delivered Bmi1 shRNA

Objective： The aim of the study was to observe the effect of Bmil reduction on the self-renewal and tumorigenicity ability of lung cancer stem cells （LCSCs） in human lung adenocarcinoma. Methods： Human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 were consecutively passaged in NOD/SCID mice treated with Paclitaxel weekly. The proportions of LCSCs in A549 cells and the cells from the third passage （A549-3rd） were compared. The expression of Bmil in LCSCs was silenced by intratumoral injection with lentivirus-delivered Broil small hairpin RNA （shRNA）. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to test the mRNA and protein expressions of Broil in LCSCs. The protein level of p16INK4A was analyzed by Western blotting. The self- renewal and tumorigenicity ability of LCSCs were evaluated by counting the sphere formation rate in serum-free medium and the tumor formation rate in NOD/SCID mice. Results： In vivo passaging ofA549 cells under chemotherapy pressure enriched for LCSCs. The expression of Broil in LCSCs increased. Down-regulation of Bmil by RNA interference resulted in reduced self-renewal and tumorigenicity ability of LCSCs and paralleled the increased expression of p16INK4A, a Bmil target. Conclu- sion： Broil regulates self-renewal and tumorigenicity of LCSCs by silencing some target genes, including p16INK4A.

慢性乙型肝炎治疗终点及评价

慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）治疗关键是抗病毒治疗。抗病毒治疗主要目标是阻止进展性肝病尤其是肝硬化和肝衰竭的形成，阻止肝细胞癌（HCC）的发生，从而阻止死亡。核苷类似物应用临床以来，拉米夫定因其抑制病毒作用较强、口服方便及耐受性好等优点，曾给众多慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者及肝病科医生带来希望，成为口服抗病毒药物的首选药物；以及随后的阿德福韦酯、恩替卡韦、替比夫定等陆续用于临床。

吃小鸡炖蘑菇有助防甲流

面对日益增多的甲流患者，宁夏医科大学附属医院专家周立明称，吃小鸡炖蘑菇有助防甲流。 周立明说，鸡肉、蘑菇、大蒜、生姜和香莱等食物能增强人体免疫力，具有抗病毒的作用。尤其是将蘑菇与鸡肉搭配炖汤，并用同样有抑制病毒作用的大葱、生姜与香莱。就会使鸡汤和鸡肉抗病毒及提高免疫力的功效更加显著。