AIM:To investigate whether peripheral corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), which is up-regulated in intestinal inflammation, mediates the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of colitis. METHOD...AIM:To investigate whether peripheral corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), which is up-regulated in intestinal inflammation, mediates the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of colitis. METHODS:We measured mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as a marker of inflammation, plasma CRH level, and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) to colorectal distension as a visceral nociceptive response at 2, 7 and 14 d after the induction of colitis with 4% acetic acid. RESULTS:Colonic inflammation, quantified by MPO activity, significantly increased on d 2 and subsided thereafter, which indicated a resolution of inflammation within 7 d. On the contrary, plasma CRH level and AWR score were increased on d 2, remained high on d 7, and returned to control level on d 14. Intraperitoneal injection of a CRH antagonist, astressin (30 μg/kg), significantly attenuated the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity on d 7. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of CRH (3 and 10 μg/kg) mimicked the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in naive rats. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that increased peripheral CRH mediates the enhanced visceral nociception in rats recovered from experimental colitis.展开更多
Objective： In this pictorial essay, we described the clinical, pathologic, and computed tomographic （CT） findings of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors （MGISTs） and attempt to establish the correlation bet...Objective： In this pictorial essay, we described the clinical, pathologic, and computed tomographic （CT） findings of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors （MGISTs） and attempt to establish the correlation between radiologic appearance and malignant potential. Methods： This retrospective analysis included 20 patients receiving treatment for MGIST between 2008 and 2010. The diagnosis was established by pathology and immunohistochemistry. All these patients underwent pre- operative CT. Clinical presentation, pathology and CT images were analyzed. Helical CT images were reviewed for morpho- logic features such as tumor size, number and location, tumor margins, necrosis, degree of enhancement and metastasis. Results： Gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain and discomfort, and without clinical symptom were common findings and were observed in 9 （45%）, 6 （30%）, and 5 （25%） of the 20 patients. 8 （40%） tumors were located in stomach, and 10 （50%）, 1 （5%） and 1 （5%） were located in small intestine, mesentery and peritoneum, respectively. Male to female ratio was about 1：2. The size of MGIST ranged from 2.6 cm to 17.5 cm with a mean of 8.7 cm. All tumors density was inhomogeneous and heterogeneous enhancement. MGISTs with highly malignant located in small intestine were about 30% higher than stomach. The ＂satellite＂ turnouts were found in 6 cases with high malignant risk. 7 cases were suffered from liver metastasis, and 4 cases went with seeding into the abdominal cavity, 1 cases went with lymph node metastasis. Histologically, 19 cases （95%） were of spindle cell type. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated a strong positivity for both c-kit （CDl17） and CD34s enhancement in 19 （95%）. Conclusion： Clinical expression is varied in MGIST patients. Female might be predominance in MGIST. The GISTs located in small intestine would tend to be more aggressive. The satellite tumours, necrosis and cystic degeneration were strongly benefit for MGIST diagnosis. Furthermore, intestinal obstruction doesn＇t support the diagnosis. Lymph node metastasis and calcification is rare.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate whether peripheral corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), which is up-regulated in intestinal inflammation, mediates the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of colitis. METHODS:We measured mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as a marker of inflammation, plasma CRH level, and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) to colorectal distension as a visceral nociceptive response at 2, 7 and 14 d after the induction of colitis with 4% acetic acid. RESULTS:Colonic inflammation, quantified by MPO activity, significantly increased on d 2 and subsided thereafter, which indicated a resolution of inflammation within 7 d. On the contrary, plasma CRH level and AWR score were increased on d 2, remained high on d 7, and returned to control level on d 14. Intraperitoneal injection of a CRH antagonist, astressin (30 μg/kg), significantly attenuated the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity on d 7. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of CRH (3 and 10 μg/kg) mimicked the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in naive rats. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that increased peripheral CRH mediates the enhanced visceral nociception in rats recovered from experimental colitis.
基金Supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Key program, No. 30930027)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 8151503102000032)
文摘Objective： In this pictorial essay, we described the clinical, pathologic, and computed tomographic （CT） findings of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors （MGISTs） and attempt to establish the correlation between radiologic appearance and malignant potential. Methods： This retrospective analysis included 20 patients receiving treatment for MGIST between 2008 and 2010. The diagnosis was established by pathology and immunohistochemistry. All these patients underwent pre- operative CT. Clinical presentation, pathology and CT images were analyzed. Helical CT images were reviewed for morpho- logic features such as tumor size, number and location, tumor margins, necrosis, degree of enhancement and metastasis. Results： Gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain and discomfort, and without clinical symptom were common findings and were observed in 9 （45%）, 6 （30%）, and 5 （25%） of the 20 patients. 8 （40%） tumors were located in stomach, and 10 （50%）, 1 （5%） and 1 （5%） were located in small intestine, mesentery and peritoneum, respectively. Male to female ratio was about 1：2. The size of MGIST ranged from 2.6 cm to 17.5 cm with a mean of 8.7 cm. All tumors density was inhomogeneous and heterogeneous enhancement. MGISTs with highly malignant located in small intestine were about 30% higher than stomach. The ＂satellite＂ turnouts were found in 6 cases with high malignant risk. 7 cases were suffered from liver metastasis, and 4 cases went with seeding into the abdominal cavity, 1 cases went with lymph node metastasis. Histologically, 19 cases （95%） were of spindle cell type. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated a strong positivity for both c-kit （CDl17） and CD34s enhancement in 19 （95%）. Conclusion： Clinical expression is varied in MGIST patients. Female might be predominance in MGIST. The GISTs located in small intestine would tend to be more aggressive. The satellite tumours, necrosis and cystic degeneration were strongly benefit for MGIST diagnosis. Furthermore, intestinal obstruction doesn＇t support the diagnosis. Lymph node metastasis and calcification is rare.
