浅析刘小东的油画艺术——谈好的艺术是社会的痛感神经

每个人心目中好的艺术作品均有所不同,就像每个人眼中都有一个哈姆雷特一样。根据自身的环境、经历、修养不同,对艺术及艺术作品的理解也有所不同,有喜欢现实的、浪漫的、或恬美艳俗等等。而笔者认为,好的艺术家或艺术作品,好的艺术是社会的痛感神经,是现实主义艺术的深化,本文将以刘小东及其作品为例从紧贴时代、深入生活、不走潮流、高超和过硬的技术支持等四个方面进行分析和探讨。

Quantitative assessment of sensory functions after 3 surgical approaches for trigeminal neuralgia by current perception threshold measurement

Objective： To quantitatively identify and grade trigeminal sensory functions after 3 major surgical procedures of trigeminal neuralgia using a newly developed quantitative sensory testing technique, current perception threshold measurement （CPTM）. Methods： In the current study, there were 48 trigeminal neuralgia patients without history of prior surgical treatment. These patients received one of the following 3 surgical procedures, microvascular decompression （MVD）, peripheral nerve block with alcohol （PNB）, or percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation （PRFT）. The quantitative sensory testing measurement, CPTM, and conventional qualitative sensory testing measurements were performed preoperatively and postoperatively to evaluate and grade the trigeminal sensory functions All 3 major cutaneous sensory fiber types, large myelinated fibers （A beta）, small myelinated fibers （A delta） and unmyelinated fibers（C） were allowed to quantitatively evaluate and grade by CPTM. The results of the measurements were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance （single factor）. Each subject was his/her own control for comparison of the preoperative to postoperative state on the asymptomatic and symptomatic sides. Subjects were tested 48 h preoperatively and 4 weeks postoperatively. Results： PNB with alcohol and PRFT caused significant sensory dysfunction postoperatively in every fiber type, indicating damage to all fibers. On the contrary, the sensory function in all 3 fiber types was unchanged after MVD management. Conclusion： Among the 3 major surgical procedures tested, only MVD preserves sensory function in trigeminal system. CPTM is of quantitative nature on the evaluation of sensory functions of nerve fibers

Research progress in transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 of sensory nervous system

The transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 （TRPV 1） is a protein mainly expressed in sensory neurons and fibers, such as in trigeminal ganglion and dorsal root ganglion, and has been indicated to be involved in several physiological and pathological processes. Studies on thermal activation have revealed that phosphorylation is involved in TRPV1 activation and 2 putative phosphorylation sites, Ser residues 502 （Ser-502） and Set residues 800 （Ser-800）, have been recently confirmed to possess the capability of resensitizing TRPV 1. In addition to acidification, alkalization has also been proved to be a highly effective stimulator for TRPVI. TRPV1 could be regulated by various physical and chemical modulators, as well as the chronic pain. TRPV 1 plays a crucial role in the transmission of pain signals, especially under inflammation and the neoplasm conditions, and it can also modulate nociceptive afferents by reinforcing morphine tolerance. The present review mainly focused on the structural and functional complexities of TRPV1, together with its activation and modulation by a wide variety of physical and chemical stimuli. Its pharmacological manipulation （sensitization/desensitization） and therapeutical targets were also discussed.

Effect of Acupuncture plus Rehabilitation Training on Shoulder-hand Syndrome Due to Ischemic Stroke

Objective：To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture plus rehabilitation training in treating early-stage shoulder-hand syndrome due to ischemic stroke.Methods：Sixty patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group,30 in each.The observation group was intervened by acupuncture plus rehabilitation training,and the control group only received rehabilitation training.After 3 treatment courses,the scores of visual analogue scale （VAS） and Fugl-Meyer assessment scale （FMA）,and the clinical effect were compared between the two groups.Results：The two groups both obtained significant improvements in VAS and FMA scores after treatment （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.After treatment,it showed marked differences in comparing VAS and FMA scores between the observation group and the control group （P〈0.05）.The total effective rate was 86.7% in the observation group,versus 63.3% in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The result of acupuncture plus rehabilitation training in treating early-stage shoulder-hand syndrome due to ischemic stroke is superior to rehabilitation training alone.

Effect Observation on Point-through-point Needling Combined with Tuina for Post-stroke Shoulder-hand Syndrome

Objective：To observe the effect of point-through-point needling combined with tuina for shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke.Methods：Eighty-six cases with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,43 cases in each group.Patients in the observation group were treated by point-through-point needling combined with tuina therapy on the basis of the conventional treatment;while patients in the control group were treated by tuina therapy on the basis of conventional therapy.Six treatments constitute a course,and the efficacy was evaluated after 4 courses.Results：The total effective rate was 88.4% in the observation group,and it was 69.8% in the control group.And the comparison indicated that the observation group had a more efficient result than the control group did （χ 2 =4.497,P〈0.05）.The scores of visual analogue scale （VAS） and Fugl-Meyer assessment （FMA） were significantly improved after treatments in both groups （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.After treatment,the scores of VAS and FMA of the observation group were significantly different from that in the control group （P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Because of the efficacy,point-through-point needling combined with tuina therapy for shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke is certainly worthy of further study,and can be used in clinical practice.