临床上无痛人工流产手术应用丙泊酚复合阿片类镇痛药静脉麻醉安全性高、效果明确、不良反应少,主要以总体重(total body weight,TBW)计算给药剂量[1,2]。但肥胖患者由于体内脂肪量大,以总体重给药容易导致麻醉药物相对过量,增加不良...临床上无痛人工流产手术应用丙泊酚复合阿片类镇痛药静脉麻醉安全性高、效果明确、不良反应少,主要以总体重(total body weight,TBW)计算给药剂量[1,2]。但肥胖患者由于体内脂肪量大,以总体重给药容易导致麻醉药物相对过量,增加不良反应的风险[3,4]。本研究在肥胖患者以瘦体重(lean body weight,LBW)计算给药计量,观察丙泊酚复合芬太尼麻醉下行无痛人工流产术中的临床应用效果。展开更多
目的:评价能量控制与运动单独或联合作用对中老年超重和肥胖人群瘦体重的影响。方法:在PUBMED上搜索,关键词:"energy restriction or weight loss(能量控制或体重丢失)"及"muscle skeletal or body composition(骨骼肌...目的:评价能量控制与运动单独或联合作用对中老年超重和肥胖人群瘦体重的影响。方法:在PUBMED上搜索,关键词:"energy restriction or weight loss(能量控制或体重丢失)"及"muscle skeletal or body composition(骨骼肌或身体成分)"。限制词"human(人群)和middle and old adults(中老年人)"。结果36篇文献纳入标准,采用误差条图比较三组(能量控制、运动、能量控制与运动结合)干预体重和瘦体重的变化及变化百分比。结果:运动干预法体重和瘦体重变化最小,能量控制与运动结合法其次,而能量控制法体重和瘦体重变化最大。结论:各种方法减体重时,应考虑对瘦体重的影响。单纯能量控制对减体重似乎是成功的,但这种成功以丢失瘦体重为代价。与单纯能量控制比较,能量控制结合运动对减体重没有叠加效应,但可一定程度上防止瘦体重丢失。而运动减体重时瘦体重丢失最少,运动预防中老年人衰老性肥胖意义重大。展开更多
目的探讨瘦体重推算内生肌酐清除率(LBWCcr)在评估肾功能中的意义。方法选择肾脏病人81例,其中51例用于分析4小时尿肌酐(4hUcr)与瘦体重(Lean Body Weight,LBW)的关系,另外30例病人同期做^(99m)Tc-DTPA清除率测定的肾小球滤过率(Tc-GFR)...目的探讨瘦体重推算内生肌酐清除率(LBWCcr)在评估肾功能中的意义。方法选择肾脏病人81例,其中51例用于分析4小时尿肌酐(4hUcr)与瘦体重(Lean Body Weight,LBW)的关系,另外30例病人同期做^(99m)Tc-DTPA清除率测定的肾小球滤过率(Tc-GFR)、LBWCcr、24小时肌酐清除率(24hCcr)。以Tc-GFR作为评估肾功能的标准,与LBWCcr、24hCcr进行比较,以验证LBWCcr的可行性及三种方法的优缺点。结果男性4hUcr/LBW的平均值K_m为4.55mg/kg;女性4hUcr/LBW的平均值K_f为3.73mg/kg;LBWCcr、24hCcr、Tc-GFR三种方法比较无显著性差异,P=0.60。LBWCcr、24hCcr与Tc-GFR显著相关,相关系数分别为0.87(P<0.001)、0.91(P<0.001),两个相关系数比较无显著性差异。LBWCcr能准确反映肾功能,而且是一种简便、快速推算Ccr的方法。展开更多
目的探讨少肌症主要表型瘦体重(lean body mass,LBM)和初潮年龄(age at menarche,AAM)潜在的多微效基因。方法选择白种人女性1692名作为研究样本,选择中国女性801名作为验证样本。采用Affymetrix公司的Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0...目的探讨少肌症主要表型瘦体重(lean body mass,LBM)和初潮年龄(age at menarche,AAM)潜在的多微效基因。方法选择白种人女性1692名作为研究样本,选择中国女性801名作为验证样本。采用Affymetrix公司的Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0芯片套装,对研究样本和验证样本的909622单核苷酸多态性(single Nucleotide Polymorphism,SNP)进行基因分型,然后对四肢LBM和AAM进行单变量全基因组关联分析。结果研究发现单变量全基因组关联研究(genome wide association study,GWAS)鉴定的SNP rs1860547和rs11030746全基因组水平非常显著,经过验证P值小于0.05,在SNP rs1860547上游发现对LBM具有重要影响的KCNA1和KCNA5基因,在SNP rs11030746下游发现KCNA4基因。结论白种人女性中钾电压阀门通道,混合器相关亚家族(KCNA)1、KCNA4、KCNA5基因可能是与LBM密切相关的多微效基因。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to assess fetal subcutaneous fat and lean mass areas as predictors of fetal growth restriction. Seventeen severe fetal growth restricted (abdominal circumference, < 2 SD) fetuses and 2...The purpose of this study was to assess fetal subcutaneous fat and lean mass areas as predictors of fetal growth restriction. Seventeen severe fetal growth restricted (abdominal circumference, < 2 SD) fetuses and 20 control fetuses underwent ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat, lean mass, and standard biometry. Thigh subcutaneous fat and lean mass were measured on enlarged ultrasound axial images (subcutaneous fat area = total cross sectional area lean mass area [bone + muscle areas]). Subcutaneous fat and lean mass areas were expressed as a percentage of the total cross sectional area and were normalized to femur length and head circumference. Measurements were modeled as a function of fetal growth restriction status and week of gestation with multiple linear regression. Fetal growth restriction fetuses showed reductions in fat and lean mass (in standard biometry) and showed a disproportionate reduction in fat mass compared with lean mass. These were all associated significantly with fetal growth restriction. Fetal growth restricted fetuses have reduced subcutaneous fat and lean mass compared with control fetuses; a further reduction occurs in subcutaneous fat concentration compared with the reduction in lean mass when fat is normalized for body size, with either head circumference or femur length. Fat to bone proportions may be useful in distinguishing the small for gestational age fetus who is truly fetal growth restriction from the constitutionally small fetus.展开更多
文摘临床上无痛人工流产手术应用丙泊酚复合阿片类镇痛药静脉麻醉安全性高、效果明确、不良反应少,主要以总体重(total body weight,TBW)计算给药剂量[1,2]。但肥胖患者由于体内脂肪量大,以总体重给药容易导致麻醉药物相对过量,增加不良反应的风险[3,4]。本研究在肥胖患者以瘦体重(lean body weight,LBW)计算给药计量,观察丙泊酚复合芬太尼麻醉下行无痛人工流产术中的临床应用效果。
文摘目的:评价能量控制与运动单独或联合作用对中老年超重和肥胖人群瘦体重的影响。方法:在PUBMED上搜索,关键词:"energy restriction or weight loss(能量控制或体重丢失)"及"muscle skeletal or body composition(骨骼肌或身体成分)"。限制词"human(人群)和middle and old adults(中老年人)"。结果36篇文献纳入标准,采用误差条图比较三组(能量控制、运动、能量控制与运动结合)干预体重和瘦体重的变化及变化百分比。结果:运动干预法体重和瘦体重变化最小,能量控制与运动结合法其次,而能量控制法体重和瘦体重变化最大。结论:各种方法减体重时,应考虑对瘦体重的影响。单纯能量控制对减体重似乎是成功的,但这种成功以丢失瘦体重为代价。与单纯能量控制比较,能量控制结合运动对减体重没有叠加效应,但可一定程度上防止瘦体重丢失。而运动减体重时瘦体重丢失最少,运动预防中老年人衰老性肥胖意义重大。
文摘目的探讨瘦体重推算内生肌酐清除率(LBWCcr)在评估肾功能中的意义。方法选择肾脏病人81例,其中51例用于分析4小时尿肌酐(4hUcr)与瘦体重(Lean Body Weight,LBW)的关系,另外30例病人同期做^(99m)Tc-DTPA清除率测定的肾小球滤过率(Tc-GFR)、LBWCcr、24小时肌酐清除率(24hCcr)。以Tc-GFR作为评估肾功能的标准,与LBWCcr、24hCcr进行比较,以验证LBWCcr的可行性及三种方法的优缺点。结果男性4hUcr/LBW的平均值K_m为4.55mg/kg;女性4hUcr/LBW的平均值K_f为3.73mg/kg;LBWCcr、24hCcr、Tc-GFR三种方法比较无显著性差异,P=0.60。LBWCcr、24hCcr与Tc-GFR显著相关,相关系数分别为0.87(P<0.001)、0.91(P<0.001),两个相关系数比较无显著性差异。LBWCcr能准确反映肾功能,而且是一种简便、快速推算Ccr的方法。
文摘目的探讨少肌症主要表型瘦体重(lean body mass,LBM)和初潮年龄(age at menarche,AAM)潜在的多微效基因。方法选择白种人女性1692名作为研究样本,选择中国女性801名作为验证样本。采用Affymetrix公司的Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0芯片套装,对研究样本和验证样本的909622单核苷酸多态性(single Nucleotide Polymorphism,SNP)进行基因分型,然后对四肢LBM和AAM进行单变量全基因组关联分析。结果研究发现单变量全基因组关联研究(genome wide association study,GWAS)鉴定的SNP rs1860547和rs11030746全基因组水平非常显著,经过验证P值小于0.05,在SNP rs1860547上游发现对LBM具有重要影响的KCNA1和KCNA5基因,在SNP rs11030746下游发现KCNA4基因。结论白种人女性中钾电压阀门通道,混合器相关亚家族(KCNA)1、KCNA4、KCNA5基因可能是与LBM密切相关的多微效基因。
文摘The purpose of this study was to assess fetal subcutaneous fat and lean mass areas as predictors of fetal growth restriction. Seventeen severe fetal growth restricted (abdominal circumference, < 2 SD) fetuses and 20 control fetuses underwent ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat, lean mass, and standard biometry. Thigh subcutaneous fat and lean mass were measured on enlarged ultrasound axial images (subcutaneous fat area = total cross sectional area lean mass area [bone + muscle areas]). Subcutaneous fat and lean mass areas were expressed as a percentage of the total cross sectional area and were normalized to femur length and head circumference. Measurements were modeled as a function of fetal growth restriction status and week of gestation with multiple linear regression. Fetal growth restriction fetuses showed reductions in fat and lean mass (in standard biometry) and showed a disproportionate reduction in fat mass compared with lean mass. These were all associated significantly with fetal growth restriction. Fetal growth restricted fetuses have reduced subcutaneous fat and lean mass compared with control fetuses; a further reduction occurs in subcutaneous fat concentration compared with the reduction in lean mass when fat is normalized for body size, with either head circumference or femur length. Fat to bone proportions may be useful in distinguishing the small for gestational age fetus who is truly fetal growth restriction from the constitutionally small fetus.