We attempted to classify, according to the International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes (1989), 302 patients at a tertiary epilepsy referral center. Proportion in categories as defined by the int...We attempted to classify, according to the International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes (1989), 302 patients at a tertiary epilepsy referral center. Proportion in categories as defined by the international League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) were as follows: localization-related epilepsies: 62. 9 %,generalized epilepsies: 22. 2%,epilepsies undetermined whether focal or generalized: 14. 2%, special syndromes: 0. 7%. Only 26. 8 % cases were definitely classified in single diagnostic ILAE categories based on ictal CCTV/EEG recordings. The distribution of epileptic syndromes was different from the previous reports due to various methods of case ascertainment and inclusion criteria. Use of specific criteria for the reliability study of international classification has been proposed.展开更多
Sleep and waking EEG of 522 patients with epilepsy and various disease with attack nature were studied. EEG showed paroxysmal activities(PA) in 217 cases. PA appeared only during sleep in 96 cases. Posi- tive rate of ...Sleep and waking EEG of 522 patients with epilepsy and various disease with attack nature were studied. EEG showed paroxysmal activities(PA) in 217 cases. PA appeared only during sleep in 96 cases. Posi- tive rate of EEG diagnosis increased from 23. 2 percent in waking recordings to 41. 6 percent. Fifty of 97 benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spike(51. 6% ) had focal PA only during sleep. Two of 6 cases with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome showed tonic seizure and/or generalized paroxysmal fast activities, Seizure types of 15 patients were defined by interictal PA and letal EEG during sleep. There was no corre- sponding relationship between seizure time(waking or sleep) and PA sensitivity to state of vigilance.展开更多
Objective To discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods From 1996 to 1998, 36 patients presenting with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy were identified by EEG and MR, ...Objective To discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods From 1996 to 1998, 36 patients presenting with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy were identified by EEG and MR, including volumetric MR, for hippocampal formation. Among them, 16 patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomy, while 20 patients accepted selective amygdalohippocampectomy. The results of surgical operation and follow-up are analyzed.Results With respect to seizure outcome, all patients benefited from surgery. The surgical results were satisfactory in 24 cases, notable in 11 cases, and good in 1 case, and there were no complications.Conclusion MR is beneficial for the localization of epileptic foci. Surgery is an effective method for the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy; selective amygdalohippocampectomy is the first choice for medial temporal lobe epilepsy. The transzygmatic-temporal lobe base approach presented in this study improved the safety of the surgery.展开更多
Bilateral shoulder dislocations are rare and almost always occur in the posterior direction. Simultaneous bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation is even rarer and only a few cases are stated in the literature. The mo...Bilateral shoulder dislocations are rare and almost always occur in the posterior direction. Simultaneous bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation is even rarer and only a few cases are stated in the literature. The most interesting part of a bilateral shoulder dislocation is about its injury mechanism as a synchronous and simultaneous force is needed to result in it. In cases of epilepsy or electrocution, the mechanism is different and the forceful contractions of the selective group of muscles result in the dislocation. This article reports two cases of bilateral simultaneous anterior shoulder joint dislocation that occurred after a road side accident and after an episode of convulsion in an epileptic patient. The dislocations were diagnosed early and reduced immediately with a proper postreduction rehabilitation. During their follow-up, both patients had satisfactory functional outcome. This article emphasizes on the importance of shoulder examination in road side accident victims and epileptic patients. All orthopedic surgeons and emergency physicians should be aware of such unusual possibilities to have an early diagnosis and treatment.An early reduction and appropriate rehabilitation can provide satisfactory functional outcome. This article also briefly discusses the injury mechanisms, diagnoses and treatments of bilateral shoulder dislocation as reported in the literature.展开更多
文摘We attempted to classify, according to the International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes (1989), 302 patients at a tertiary epilepsy referral center. Proportion in categories as defined by the international League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) were as follows: localization-related epilepsies: 62. 9 %,generalized epilepsies: 22. 2%,epilepsies undetermined whether focal or generalized: 14. 2%, special syndromes: 0. 7%. Only 26. 8 % cases were definitely classified in single diagnostic ILAE categories based on ictal CCTV/EEG recordings. The distribution of epileptic syndromes was different from the previous reports due to various methods of case ascertainment and inclusion criteria. Use of specific criteria for the reliability study of international classification has been proposed.
文摘Sleep and waking EEG of 522 patients with epilepsy and various disease with attack nature were studied. EEG showed paroxysmal activities(PA) in 217 cases. PA appeared only during sleep in 96 cases. Posi- tive rate of EEG diagnosis increased from 23. 2 percent in waking recordings to 41. 6 percent. Fifty of 97 benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spike(51. 6% ) had focal PA only during sleep. Two of 6 cases with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome showed tonic seizure and/or generalized paroxysmal fast activities, Seizure types of 15 patients were defined by interictal PA and letal EEG during sleep. There was no corre- sponding relationship between seizure time(waking or sleep) and PA sensitivity to state of vigilance.
文摘Objective To discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods From 1996 to 1998, 36 patients presenting with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy were identified by EEG and MR, including volumetric MR, for hippocampal formation. Among them, 16 patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomy, while 20 patients accepted selective amygdalohippocampectomy. The results of surgical operation and follow-up are analyzed.Results With respect to seizure outcome, all patients benefited from surgery. The surgical results were satisfactory in 24 cases, notable in 11 cases, and good in 1 case, and there were no complications.Conclusion MR is beneficial for the localization of epileptic foci. Surgery is an effective method for the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy; selective amygdalohippocampectomy is the first choice for medial temporal lobe epilepsy. The transzygmatic-temporal lobe base approach presented in this study improved the safety of the surgery.
文摘Bilateral shoulder dislocations are rare and almost always occur in the posterior direction. Simultaneous bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation is even rarer and only a few cases are stated in the literature. The most interesting part of a bilateral shoulder dislocation is about its injury mechanism as a synchronous and simultaneous force is needed to result in it. In cases of epilepsy or electrocution, the mechanism is different and the forceful contractions of the selective group of muscles result in the dislocation. This article reports two cases of bilateral simultaneous anterior shoulder joint dislocation that occurred after a road side accident and after an episode of convulsion in an epileptic patient. The dislocations were diagnosed early and reduced immediately with a proper postreduction rehabilitation. During their follow-up, both patients had satisfactory functional outcome. This article emphasizes on the importance of shoulder examination in road side accident victims and epileptic patients. All orthopedic surgeons and emergency physicians should be aware of such unusual possibilities to have an early diagnosis and treatment.An early reduction and appropriate rehabilitation can provide satisfactory functional outcome. This article also briefly discusses the injury mechanisms, diagnoses and treatments of bilateral shoulder dislocation as reported in the literature.
