Tongguanteng （Marsdenia tenacissima）, which is mainly distributed in the Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of China, wasfirst recorded in Diannanbencao by Lan Mao of the Ming dynasty of China. According to recent pharmac...Tongguanteng （Marsdenia tenacissima）, which is mainly distributed in the Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of China, wasfirst recorded in Diannanbencao by Lan Mao of the Ming dynasty of China. According to recent pharmacological studies,the chemical composition of Tongguanteng （Marsdenia tenacissima） is complex and contains C21 steroidal saponins,polysaccharides, alkaloids, and other molecules, which show anti-cancer effects on various tumor cell lines. It inhibitstumor cell proliferation and growth mainly by increasing the expression of apoptosis- and cell cycle-related proteins topromote apoptosis and arrest tumor cells in the G2/M or S phase. Downregulation of the expression of vascularendothelial growth factor-2/A and matrix metalloprotease-2/9 suppresses the formation of the tumor microvasculature,leading to tumor malnutrition, increased expression of interleukin-2, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxidedismutase, and decreased interleukin-10 and malondialdehyde expression, thereby enhancing immunity andantioxidation in the body. Additionally, inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor, hepatocyte growth factor receptor,and tyrosine-protein kinase receptor activation enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of epidermal growth factorreceptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as inhibits P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 to increase the concentrationof anti-tumor drugs in tumor cells.展开更多
This paper emphatically introduces the general situation, financial evaluation and competitive edge of both Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu hydropower stations, and briefs the preparatory works of Wudongde and Baihetan hydropo...This paper emphatically introduces the general situation, financial evaluation and competitive edge of both Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu hydropower stations, and briefs the preparatory works of Wudongde and Baihetan hydropower stations.展开更多
The mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and Chinese black sleeper Bostrichthys sinensis occupy the intertidal zone.However,both species have their own unique diet.The former is an herbivore and the latter is a ca...The mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and Chinese black sleeper Bostrichthys sinensis occupy the intertidal zone.However,both species have their own unique diet.The former is an herbivore and the latter is a carnivore.In order to reveal the relationship between digestive enzyme activities and diets in the two species,the activities of protease(P),non-specific bile salt-activated lipase(BAL) and α-amylase(A) were determined in the stomach and intestine of adult mudskipper B.pectinirostris and Chinese black sleeper B.sinensis.The results showed that the activities of protease,BAL and α-amylase in the intestine of B.pectinirostris were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in the stomach.In B.sinensis,gastric protease activity was not different from the intestinal protease(P>0.05),while BAL and α-amylase activities of the intestine were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those of the stomach.The activity of gastric protease in B.sinensis was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that in B.pectinirostris,while the activities of intestinal protease were not different between the two fish species(P>0.05).BAL activities of the stomach and intestine in B.sinensis were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in B.pectinirostris,while α-amylase activities of the stomach and intestine in B.pectinirostris were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in B.sinensis.The ratios of P/BAL,A/P and A/BAL of the digestive tract in B.pectinirostris were 1.5,107.3 and 158.6,respectively;and those in B.sinensis were 0.2,1.6 and 0.2,respectively.It can be concluded that food digestion in the adult B.pectinirostris is mainly carried out in the intestine,whereas in the adult B.sinensis it is initiated in the stomach and finishes in the intestine.The activities of BAL and α-amylase in B.pectinirostris and B.sinensis are well correlated with their diets.However,a clear-cut correlation between protease activity and diets is not found in these two species.展开更多
文摘Tongguanteng （Marsdenia tenacissima）, which is mainly distributed in the Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of China, wasfirst recorded in Diannanbencao by Lan Mao of the Ming dynasty of China. According to recent pharmacological studies,the chemical composition of Tongguanteng （Marsdenia tenacissima） is complex and contains C21 steroidal saponins,polysaccharides, alkaloids, and other molecules, which show anti-cancer effects on various tumor cell lines. It inhibitstumor cell proliferation and growth mainly by increasing the expression of apoptosis- and cell cycle-related proteins topromote apoptosis and arrest tumor cells in the G2/M or S phase. Downregulation of the expression of vascularendothelial growth factor-2/A and matrix metalloprotease-2/9 suppresses the formation of the tumor microvasculature,leading to tumor malnutrition, increased expression of interleukin-2, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxidedismutase, and decreased interleukin-10 and malondialdehyde expression, thereby enhancing immunity andantioxidation in the body. Additionally, inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor, hepatocyte growth factor receptor,and tyrosine-protein kinase receptor activation enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of epidermal growth factorreceptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as inhibits P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 to increase the concentrationof anti-tumor drugs in tumor cells.
文摘This paper emphatically introduces the general situation, financial evaluation and competitive edge of both Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu hydropower stations, and briefs the preparatory works of Wudongde and Baihetan hydropower stations.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40476056)the Key Projects of Science and Technology of Fujian Province(2003,No.262004SZ01-02)
文摘The mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and Chinese black sleeper Bostrichthys sinensis occupy the intertidal zone.However,both species have their own unique diet.The former is an herbivore and the latter is a carnivore.In order to reveal the relationship between digestive enzyme activities and diets in the two species,the activities of protease(P),non-specific bile salt-activated lipase(BAL) and α-amylase(A) were determined in the stomach and intestine of adult mudskipper B.pectinirostris and Chinese black sleeper B.sinensis.The results showed that the activities of protease,BAL and α-amylase in the intestine of B.pectinirostris were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in the stomach.In B.sinensis,gastric protease activity was not different from the intestinal protease(P>0.05),while BAL and α-amylase activities of the intestine were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those of the stomach.The activity of gastric protease in B.sinensis was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that in B.pectinirostris,while the activities of intestinal protease were not different between the two fish species(P>0.05).BAL activities of the stomach and intestine in B.sinensis were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in B.pectinirostris,while α-amylase activities of the stomach and intestine in B.pectinirostris were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in B.sinensis.The ratios of P/BAL,A/P and A/BAL of the digestive tract in B.pectinirostris were 1.5,107.3 and 158.6,respectively;and those in B.sinensis were 0.2,1.6 and 0.2,respectively.It can be concluded that food digestion in the adult B.pectinirostris is mainly carried out in the intestine,whereas in the adult B.sinensis it is initiated in the stomach and finishes in the intestine.The activities of BAL and α-amylase in B.pectinirostris and B.sinensis are well correlated with their diets.However,a clear-cut correlation between protease activity and diets is not found in these two species.
