Effect of fertilizer source （mineral fertilizer or organic manure） on photosynthetic pigments leaves content of four brassica vegetables （Pak choi, Kohlrabi, Cauliflower and Cabbage） was tested. Among treatments, ...Effect of fertilizer source （mineral fertilizer or organic manure） on photosynthetic pigments leaves content of four brassica vegetables （Pak choi, Kohlrabi, Cauliflower and Cabbage） was tested. Among treatments, cauliflower fertilized with chicken manure had the highest content of chlorophyll a and b （10.08 and 9.37 μm·g^-1）, while, pak choi had the lowest values （2.00 and 2.44 μm·g^-1） in non-fertilized plants. These differences in chlorophyll a and b content may have a great impact on photosynthetic rate and activity. Total carotenoids and total xanthophylls （lutein, zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin and violaxanthin） were the highest in cauliflower while the lowest was in pakchoi, β-carotene, on the other hand, was the highest percentage of total carotenoids （65.7%） in pak choi while Kohlrabi had the lowest percent （57.4%）. This high percentage offl-carotene of total carotenoids may compensate for lower content of chlorophylls and assist for efficient light harvesting process. Lutein showed to be the major components of xanthophyll pigments brassica vegetables and ranged from 0.462μm·g^-1 in cabbage to 0.626μm·g^-1 in kohlrabi but not differed significantly which may refer to genetically controlled. However, lutein, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin content were increased significantly by the application of chicken manure regardless ofbrassica vegetable type. Violaxanthin was only detected in pak choi and not affected by fertilizer source. It can be concluding from the increasing contents of total xanthophylls pigments that may increase photosynthetic efficiency through non-photochemical quenching process.展开更多
Changes in proximate composition, trypsin inhibitor activity, phytic acid, tannins, in vitro protein digestibility and amino acids content of Pearl millet were investigated after germination for 5 days. Germination si...Changes in proximate composition, trypsin inhibitor activity, phytic acid, tannins, in vitro protein digestibility and amino acids content of Pearl millet were investigated after germination for 5 days. Germination significantly increased protein content of pearl millet, with a parallel decrease in lipid and carbohydrates. Trypsin inhibitor activity and the phytic acid content showed significant decrease whereas tannin content increased after 5 days germination. In vitro protein digestibility （IVPD） was significantly decreased with germination, suggesting that tannins may be responsible for enzymes inhibition. Amino acid analysis revealed significant increase in essential amino acids and none essential amino acids.展开更多
Quantitative analysis of interactions between small molecules and proteins is a central challenge in chemical genetics, molecular diagnostics and drug developments. Here, we developed a RNA transcription nanomachine b...Quantitative analysis of interactions between small molecules and proteins is a central challenge in chemical genetics, molecular diagnostics and drug developments. Here, we developed a RNA transcription nanomachine by assembling T7 RNA polymerase on a small molecule-labeled DNA heteroduplex. The nanomachine, of which the RNA transcription activity can be quantitatively inhibited by protein binding, showed a great potential for small molecule-protein interaction assay. This finding enabled us to develop a novel homogeneous label-free strategy for assays of interactions between small molecules and their protein receptors. Three small molecule compounds and their protein receptors have been used to demonstrate the developed strategy. The results revealed that the protein-small molecule interaction assay strategy shows dynamic responses in the concentration range from 0.5 to 64 nM with a detection limit of 0.2 nM. Due to its label-free, homogeneous, and fluorescence-based detection format, besides its desirable sensitivity this technique could be greatly robust, cost-efficient and readily automated, implying that the developed small molecule-protein interaction assay strategy might create a new methodology for developing intrinsically robust, sensitive and selective platforms for homogeneous protein detection.展开更多
文摘Effect of fertilizer source （mineral fertilizer or organic manure） on photosynthetic pigments leaves content of four brassica vegetables （Pak choi, Kohlrabi, Cauliflower and Cabbage） was tested. Among treatments, cauliflower fertilized with chicken manure had the highest content of chlorophyll a and b （10.08 and 9.37 μm·g^-1）, while, pak choi had the lowest values （2.00 and 2.44 μm·g^-1） in non-fertilized plants. These differences in chlorophyll a and b content may have a great impact on photosynthetic rate and activity. Total carotenoids and total xanthophylls （lutein, zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin and violaxanthin） were the highest in cauliflower while the lowest was in pakchoi, β-carotene, on the other hand, was the highest percentage of total carotenoids （65.7%） in pak choi while Kohlrabi had the lowest percent （57.4%）. This high percentage offl-carotene of total carotenoids may compensate for lower content of chlorophylls and assist for efficient light harvesting process. Lutein showed to be the major components of xanthophyll pigments brassica vegetables and ranged from 0.462μm·g^-1 in cabbage to 0.626μm·g^-1 in kohlrabi but not differed significantly which may refer to genetically controlled. However, lutein, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin content were increased significantly by the application of chicken manure regardless ofbrassica vegetable type. Violaxanthin was only detected in pak choi and not affected by fertilizer source. It can be concluding from the increasing contents of total xanthophylls pigments that may increase photosynthetic efficiency through non-photochemical quenching process.
文摘Changes in proximate composition, trypsin inhibitor activity, phytic acid, tannins, in vitro protein digestibility and amino acids content of Pearl millet were investigated after germination for 5 days. Germination significantly increased protein content of pearl millet, with a parallel decrease in lipid and carbohydrates. Trypsin inhibitor activity and the phytic acid content showed significant decrease whereas tannin content increased after 5 days germination. In vitro protein digestibility （IVPD） was significantly decreased with germination, suggesting that tannins may be responsible for enzymes inhibition. Amino acid analysis revealed significant increase in essential amino acids and none essential amino acids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21025521, 21035001&20875027)the National Key Basic Re-search Program (2011CB911000)+3 种基金European Commission FP7-HEALTH-2010 Programme-GlycoHIT (260600)National Grand Program on Key Infectious Disease (2009ZX10004-312)Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20100480934) of ChinaChangjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University Program and Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (10JJ7002)
文摘Quantitative analysis of interactions between small molecules and proteins is a central challenge in chemical genetics, molecular diagnostics and drug developments. Here, we developed a RNA transcription nanomachine by assembling T7 RNA polymerase on a small molecule-labeled DNA heteroduplex. The nanomachine, of which the RNA transcription activity can be quantitatively inhibited by protein binding, showed a great potential for small molecule-protein interaction assay. This finding enabled us to develop a novel homogeneous label-free strategy for assays of interactions between small molecules and their protein receptors. Three small molecule compounds and their protein receptors have been used to demonstrate the developed strategy. The results revealed that the protein-small molecule interaction assay strategy shows dynamic responses in the concentration range from 0.5 to 64 nM with a detection limit of 0.2 nM. Due to its label-free, homogeneous, and fluorescence-based detection format, besides its desirable sensitivity this technique could be greatly robust, cost-efficient and readily automated, implying that the developed small molecule-protein interaction assay strategy might create a new methodology for developing intrinsically robust, sensitive and selective platforms for homogeneous protein detection.
