It is a fact that in U.S. the immigration between rural areas and city areas is free, but in China this type of immigration is restricted by HUKOU system (Hukou, namely the household registration system, was designed ...It is a fact that in U.S. the immigration between rural areas and city areas is free, but in China this type of immigration is restricted by HUKOU system (Hukou, namely the household registration system, was designed to control rural-urban in China). All of those national policies in city areas are much better than those in rural areas, so those corresponding differences bring about great discrepancy of the economic status (mainly including GDP per person and income per resident) between rural and city areas in the same urban region, especially in different urban re- gions because the percentage of urban residents in those urban regions is in-equable. The present paper mainly researches the topic of relationship between the percentage of urban residents and the economic status in an urban region in China, including the relationship between the economic and the political functions of a settlement in China during the process of urbanization.展开更多
The long-term safe operation of high-power equipment and integrated electronic devices requires efficient thermal management,which in turn increases the energy consumption further.Hence,the sustainable development of ...The long-term safe operation of high-power equipment and integrated electronic devices requires efficient thermal management,which in turn increases the energy consumption further.Hence,the sustainable development of our society needs advanced thermal management with low,even zero,energy consumption.Harvesting water from the atmosphere,followed by moisture desorption to dissipate heat,is an efficient and feasible approach for zero-energy-consumption thermal management.However,current methods are limited by the low absorbance of water,low water vapor transmission rate(WVTR)and low stability,thus resulting in low thermal management capability.In this study,we report an innovative electrospinning method to process hierarchically porous metal–organic framework(MOF)composite fabrics with high-efficiency and zero-energy-consumption thermal management.The composite fabrics are highly loaded with MOF(75 wt%)and their WVTR value can be up to 3138 g m^(-2) d^(-1).The composite fabrics also exhibit stable microstructure and performance.Under a conventional environment(30℃,60%relative humidity),the composite fabrics adsorb water vapor for regeneration within 1.5 h to a saturated value Wsat of 0.614 g g^(-1),and a corresponding equivalent enthalpy of 1705.6 J g^(-1).In the thermal management tests,the composite fabrics show a strong cooling capability and significantly improve the performance of thermoelectric devices,portable storage devices and wireless chargers.These results suggest that hierarchically porous MOF composite fabrics are highly promising for thermal management of intermittent-operation electronic devices.展开更多
了解体重指数(BMI)与代谢当量(MET)、最大运动负荷百分比及最大运动心率百分比的关系。方法:回顾性分析我科近一年200名无心肺及代谢疾病史、初步诊断为健康体检人群,依据中国BMI标准将其分为3组(正常体重组、偏胖组、肥胖组)。用法国cu...了解体重指数(BMI)与代谢当量(MET)、最大运动负荷百分比及最大运动心率百分比的关系。方法:回顾性分析我科近一年200名无心肺及代谢疾病史、初步诊断为健康体检人群,依据中国BMI标准将其分为3组(正常体重组、偏胖组、肥胖组)。用法国custo med ec3000负荷设备(特许)和metalyzer 3B-R3心肺功能检测系统(特许)进行测试。检测结果用SPSS 23统计软件分析数据,以95%可信限为度,P<0.05为有意义。结果:BMI正常组与偏胖组的MET(5.77±0.81 vs 5.73±0.93,t=0.11,p=0.91)、最大负荷百分比(68.50±7.41 vs 67.90±10.25,t=0.16,p=0.86)、最大心率百分比(88±12.45 vs 88.95±12.97,t=0.21,p=0.84)相比均无明显差异。但BMI正常组与肥胖组的MET(5.77±0.81 vs 5.21±1.03,t=2.03,p=0.045)、最大负荷百分比(68.50±7.41 vs 54.44±9.36,t=4.06,p=0.001)、最大心率百分比(88±12.45 vs 77.17±9.09,t=3.905,p=0.001)相比有明显差异。结论:正常体重与偏胖者的MET、最大负荷百分比、最大心率百分比相比无明显差异,但正常体重与肥胖者的上述指标相比差异显著。提示高体重人群需要较大负荷量锻炼,提高MET水平,增强运动耐力。展开更多
The properties of Al-doped Zn O(AZO) play an important role in the photovoltaic performance of inverted polymer solar cells(PSCs), which is used as electron transport and hole blocking buffer layers. In this work, we ...The properties of Al-doped Zn O(AZO) play an important role in the photovoltaic performance of inverted polymer solar cells(PSCs), which is used as electron transport and hole blocking buffer layers. In this work, we study the effects of Al-doping level in AZO on device performance in detail. Results indicate that the device performance intensely depends on the Al-doping level. The AZO thin films with Al-doping atomic percentage of 1.0% possess the best conductivity. The resulting solar cells show the enhanced short current density and the fill factor(FF) simultaneously, and the power conversion efficiency(PCE) is improved by 74%, which are attributed to the reduced carrier recombination and the optimized charge transport and extraction between AZO and the active layer.展开更多
文摘It is a fact that in U.S. the immigration between rural areas and city areas is free, but in China this type of immigration is restricted by HUKOU system (Hukou, namely the household registration system, was designed to control rural-urban in China). All of those national policies in city areas are much better than those in rural areas, so those corresponding differences bring about great discrepancy of the economic status (mainly including GDP per person and income per resident) between rural and city areas in the same urban region, especially in different urban re- gions because the percentage of urban residents in those urban regions is in-equable. The present paper mainly researches the topic of relationship between the percentage of urban residents and the economic status in an urban region in China, including the relationship between the economic and the political functions of a settlement in China during the process of urbanization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51877132,U19A20105,and 52003153)the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(21XD1401600)。
文摘The long-term safe operation of high-power equipment and integrated electronic devices requires efficient thermal management,which in turn increases the energy consumption further.Hence,the sustainable development of our society needs advanced thermal management with low,even zero,energy consumption.Harvesting water from the atmosphere,followed by moisture desorption to dissipate heat,is an efficient and feasible approach for zero-energy-consumption thermal management.However,current methods are limited by the low absorbance of water,low water vapor transmission rate(WVTR)and low stability,thus resulting in low thermal management capability.In this study,we report an innovative electrospinning method to process hierarchically porous metal–organic framework(MOF)composite fabrics with high-efficiency and zero-energy-consumption thermal management.The composite fabrics are highly loaded with MOF(75 wt%)and their WVTR value can be up to 3138 g m^(-2) d^(-1).The composite fabrics also exhibit stable microstructure and performance.Under a conventional environment(30℃,60%relative humidity),the composite fabrics adsorb water vapor for regeneration within 1.5 h to a saturated value Wsat of 0.614 g g^(-1),and a corresponding equivalent enthalpy of 1705.6 J g^(-1).In the thermal management tests,the composite fabrics show a strong cooling capability and significantly improve the performance of thermoelectric devices,portable storage devices and wireless chargers.These results suggest that hierarchically porous MOF composite fabrics are highly promising for thermal management of intermittent-operation electronic devices.
文摘了解体重指数(BMI)与代谢当量(MET)、最大运动负荷百分比及最大运动心率百分比的关系。方法:回顾性分析我科近一年200名无心肺及代谢疾病史、初步诊断为健康体检人群,依据中国BMI标准将其分为3组(正常体重组、偏胖组、肥胖组)。用法国custo med ec3000负荷设备(特许)和metalyzer 3B-R3心肺功能检测系统(特许)进行测试。检测结果用SPSS 23统计软件分析数据,以95%可信限为度,P<0.05为有意义。结果:BMI正常组与偏胖组的MET(5.77±0.81 vs 5.73±0.93,t=0.11,p=0.91)、最大负荷百分比(68.50±7.41 vs 67.90±10.25,t=0.16,p=0.86)、最大心率百分比(88±12.45 vs 88.95±12.97,t=0.21,p=0.84)相比均无明显差异。但BMI正常组与肥胖组的MET(5.77±0.81 vs 5.21±1.03,t=2.03,p=0.045)、最大负荷百分比(68.50±7.41 vs 54.44±9.36,t=4.06,p=0.001)、最大心率百分比(88±12.45 vs 77.17±9.09,t=3.905,p=0.001)相比有明显差异。结论:正常体重与偏胖者的MET、最大负荷百分比、最大心率百分比相比无明显差异,但正常体重与肥胖者的上述指标相比差异显著。提示高体重人群需要较大负荷量锻炼,提高MET水平,增强运动耐力。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61377031)the Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Ocean University(No.Q1444)
文摘The properties of Al-doped Zn O(AZO) play an important role in the photovoltaic performance of inverted polymer solar cells(PSCs), which is used as electron transport and hole blocking buffer layers. In this work, we study the effects of Al-doping level in AZO on device performance in detail. Results indicate that the device performance intensely depends on the Al-doping level. The AZO thin films with Al-doping atomic percentage of 1.0% possess the best conductivity. The resulting solar cells show the enhanced short current density and the fill factor(FF) simultaneously, and the power conversion efficiency(PCE) is improved by 74%, which are attributed to the reduced carrier recombination and the optimized charge transport and extraction between AZO and the active layer.
