单侧术后对侧乳腺带蒂腺体脂肪皮瓣转移即刻乳房重建分析

目的探讨单侧乳癌根治术后对侧乳腺带蒂腺体脂肪皮瓣转移即刻乳房重建与缺损修复的应用价值。方法 10例乳腺癌患者择期行单侧乳癌根治术,术后进行对侧乳腺带蒂腺体脂肪皮瓣转移即刻乳房重建与缺损修复,分析治疗效果。结果所有患者均完成手术,平均手术时间(3.0±0.6)h;术后随访12个月,所有患者均未出现肿瘤复发,满意度为100.0%。结论单侧乳癌根治术后以对侧乳腺带蒂腺体脂肪皮瓣转移进行即刻乳房重建与缺损修复效果良好。

眼睑皮脂腺癌1例

患者女,64岁,发现左眼睑处渐进性增生肿物2个月,左眼无红肿、疼痛、畏光、流泪等;既往史无特殊。查体:左上眼睑内眦部1.5 cm×1.5 cm×0.5 cm肿物,移动度较差,与下方睑板组织关系紧密;局部皮色红,皮温正常,无压痛。眼部超声:左上眼睑内眦部皮肤层至睑板层内1.99 cm×1.14 cm不均质极低回声团块,边界不规则,无包膜,与周围组织界限不清(图1A);CDFI见肿物周围血流信号较丰富,内部无明显血流信号(图1B),其动脉血流频谱呈高阻型,阻力指数0.75(图1C)。

UVA辐射对赤拟谷盗表皮超微结构影响研究（英文）

紫外线A(UVA)是一种重要的非生物环境因子。表皮是生物抵御UV的第一道防线,海洋生物、高等植物和人能通过改变表皮的形态和生理结构抵抗UV辐射。通过使用扫描电镜和透射电镜研究赤拟谷盗的幼虫遭受2 h或4 h的UVA辐照后表皮超微结构的变化,结果表明,随着辐照时间的增加,幼虫表皮的分泌物增加,外表皮增厚,外表皮的电子致密区增大,但内表皮细胞核,高尔基体和线粒体的形态没有受到UVA辐射的影响。这说明赤拟谷盗可通过改变表皮细胞结构抵御UVA损伤。

小白鼠乳腺在静止、妊娠、泌乳、萎退各期的组织化学变化

乳腺发育各阶段的形态学变化,文献上屡有记载[1-3];但有关乳腺的组织化学变化,除碱性磷酸酶有较多的报告外[4-7],在糖原、核酸、类脂质等方面,仅Dempsey等[4]及Montagna等[8]做过部分的观察。我们希望通过本实验能对小白鼠乳腺各机能时期的核酸、碱性磷酸酶、糖原、类脂质的变化作系统的说明,并探讨上述物质与机能之间的关系,以作为进一步实验研究的依据。

Isolation, Cuture and Biological Characteristic Analysis of Stromal and Glandular Epithelial Cells of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Endometrium

[Objective] The experiment aimed to set up a method for isolating and culturing endometrial stromal cells (BESC) and endometrial glandular epithelial cells(BEGEC) of buffalo as well as laid foundation for studying biological mechanism of embryo implantation and uterine diseases. [Method] The enzymatic digestion method, scraping method, serial filtration and differential velocity adherent technique were used to isolate BESC and BEGEC, then immunocytochemical method and TRYPAN-Blue assay were used to determine the purity and survival rate of isolated cells. [Result] The BESC and BEGEC were successfully isolated and cultured while immunocytochemical method and cell count method demonstrated that the purity was over 90%. The result of TRYPAN-Blue assay shown that survival rate of BESC and BEGEC was 91% and 78% respectively. [Conclusion] The enzymatic digestion method, scraping method, serial filtration and differential velocity adherent technique could isolate BESC and BEGEC with high purity.

Possible involvement of integrin signaling pathway in the process of recovery from restraint stress in rats

Objective To search novel genes or pathways involved in the recovery process after restraint stress in rats. Methods We compared the hypothalamus transcriptional profiles of two different recovery patterns （fast recovery vs slow recovery） from restraint stress in rats using oligonucleotide microarray, the recovery pattern was determined by the decrement of plasma adrenocorticotropic-hormone （ACTH） and corticosterone levels during one hour recovery period after stress. A real-time quantitative RT-PCR was applied to validate the differential expressed genes. Results Analysis of the microarray data showed that most of genes were not differentially expressed between fast recovery group and slow recovery group. Among the differentially expressed genes we found that talin, together with serine/threonine protein phosphatase PPl-beta catalytic subunit （PP-1B） and integrin α-6 precursor （VLA-6） genes, were at least 1.5 fold upregulated in the fast recovery group, while junctional adhesion molecule 1 （F11r） was 1.5 fold down-regulated in the fast recovery group. Conclusion The results implied that integrin signaling pathway may be involved in the recovery from restraint stress in rats. The present study provided a global overview of hypothalamus transcriptional profiles during the process of recovery from the restraint stress in rats. The integrin signaling pathway seems to be involved in the recovery process, which deserves further study to clarify the integrin-mediated recovery mechanism after restraint stress.

Changes of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels during sleep seizures

Objective Measuring the serum concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） and cortisol in epileptic seizures during sleep to investigate their link to the EEG changes. Methods Pre-surgical evaluation was performed by videoEEG monitoring using 24 channel recording. Thirty six epilepsy patients could be attributed to two groups： 28 patients had spontaneous seizures, and the other 8 patients whose seizures were induced by bemegride. Another 11 persons with confirmed psychogenic non-epileptic seizures （PNES） served as control group. Blood samples were obtained at five points： wake （08：00 a.m.）, sleep （00：00 a.m.）, and shortly before, during and after an epileptic seizure. The serum ACTH and cortisol were measured and analyzed by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Results The levels of ACTH and cortisol in serum underwent significant changes： declining below the average sleep-level shortly before seizures, increasing during seizures, and far above the average wake-level after seizures （P 〈 0.001）. Such changes did not occur in the control group （P 〉 0.05）. The ACTH and cortisol levels had no significant difference between spontaneous group and bemegride-induced group （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The serum concentrations of ACTH and cortisol during sleep seizures are linked with pre-ictal and ictal EEG changes in epilepsy patients.

不同固定液对肿瘤细胞形态及细胞膜通透性的影响

目的观察不同固定液对人胰腺腺泡上皮癌(HPAC)细胞及人宫颈癌HeLa细胞形态及细胞膜通透性的影响。方法采用2种固定液对HPAC细胞及人宫颈癌HeLa细胞进行固定:新鲜配制0.25%和4%多聚甲醛溶液;75%和90%乙醇溶液;固定时间均为30 min。以只加完全培养基的细胞作为对照组。光学显微镜下观察各组细胞形态,采用7-氨基放线菌素(7-AAD)荧光染色法观察细胞膜通透性的变化。结果与完全培养基组相比,0.25%多聚甲醛溶液组细胞形态最典型,且7-AAD荧光染色较弱;4%多聚甲醛溶液组细胞形态典型,但7-AAD荧光染色较强;90%乙醇溶液组细胞发生肿胀,较正常细胞体积增大,且7-AAD荧光染色强;而75%乙醇溶液组细胞肿胀不如90%乙醇溶液组明显,7-AAD荧光染色强;完全培养基组细胞形态规则,7-AAD荧光染色最弱。结论 0.25%多聚甲醛溶液对肿瘤细胞不但能够起到固定作用,且能够较好地维持细胞膜的完整性,是较为理想的细胞固定剂。

Primary Culture of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

[ Objective] To investigate the feasibility of the primary culture of bovine mammary epithelial cells in biochemical incubator. [ Method] In vitro, bovine mammary epithelial cells were isolated and cultured by the tissue explant method in order to investigate the optimal culture conditions. The morphology observation and identification of the cultured cells were performed by inverted microscope observation, Giemsa staining and cytokeratin immunohistochemistry. [ Result] Observed with inverted microscope, most of the bovine mammary epithelial cells were polygonal and displayed typical slabstone-like appearance. As it can be seen from cell staining results, the cell body was big and the nucleus was stained dark blue and was round or oval in shape, with clearly visible nucleoli, generally 2 -4 nucleoli. The tissue-specific expression of cytokeratin 14 and cytokeratin 18 genes in mammary epithelial cells was identified by cytokeratin immunohistochemistry. [ Conclusion] Primary bovine mammary epithelial cells were successfully cultured in biochemical incubator.

Optimization of Parameters of Exogenous Gene Mediated by Liposome to Transfect Yak Mammary Epithelial Cells in Vitro

[Objective] The aim of this study was to optimize conditions of exogenous gene mediated by liposome to transfect yak mammary epithelial cells in Vitro.[Method] Yak mammary epithelial cells were isolated and cultivated in Vitro by the methods of collagenase digestion and tissue adhesion.The expression of cytokeratin in yak mammary epithelial cell was detected by immunocytochemistry technique.With green fluorescence protein as the report gene,yak mammary epithelial cells were transfected with exogenous gene m...

Clinical Course Of Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer As Second Primary Malignancy

Objective： To evaluate the clinical course of patients with small cell lung cancer （SCLC） as second primary malignancy. Methods： Among the 355 patients diagnosed with SCLC at Helen and Harry Gray Cancer Center of Hartford Hospital Connecticut USA between 1988 and 1998, the records of 48 patients, which had been diagnosed with other malignancies before their diagnosis of SCLC, were retro- spectively reviewed. Results： Forty-eight patients （13.5%） were diagnosed with other malignancies prior to their SCLC among which 43 had documented smoking history and 93% of them （40/43） were current/former smokers. Of the 28-second primary SCLC patients who were treated with standard method, 11 （39.3%） achieved CR. 12 （42.8%） achieved PR, and the RR was 82.1%. The median survival of the 28 treated with standard method was 11.3 months （5.1-77.7 months）, while that of the rest 19 untreated patients （1 of 20 was lost to follow-up） was only 2.0 months （0.5 34.0 months）. There was no significant difference in the median survival and RR between 165 treated first primary SCLC （13.5 months and 77.6% respectively） and 28 treated secondary primary SCLC （11.3 months and 82.1% respectively） （P〉0.05）. The patients who had prostate cancer were older and subjected to less treatments than those with skin cancer, so their survival was shorter than the latter （3.5 months vs. 15 months, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The response and survival of the treated patients with SCLC as a second malignancy showed no difference as compared to the treated ones with SCLC only. Therefore, an active medical treatment is important to relieve symptom and prolong survival of the second primary SCLC patients.

吃鱼·营养·健美

鱼肉是富含胶原的重要食品、它的结蒂组织、软骨组织以及鱼皮中的含氮物质主要是胶原和粘蛋白。通常所说的“鱼冻”即是胶原经过加水煮沸成溶胶后,再冷却成凝胶。人的头发、眼睫毛茎本是内角蛋白构成,其中胶原蛋白要占90%以上,其含量不足或缺乏会使毛发脱落变稀,失去光泽。另外,皮肤的良好贮水状态是皮肤光洁度好、无皱缩、不过紧过松,富有弹性的重要前提。胶原蛋白是一种大分子蛋白,住分子结构上具有较大的空间,从而能充分维持生命的“结合水”

Adrenal myelolipoma within myxoid cortical adenoma associated with Conn's syndrome

The coexistence of myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma is extremely rare,for both tumors present usually as separate entities.There are only 16 such cases reported worldwide.To the best of our knowledge,the case we reported here is the first one of myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma associated with myelolipoma reported.A 32-year-old Chinese woman with 4-year history of hypertension was presented in our study.Computed tomography(CT)of the abdomen showed a large heterogene- ously-enhancing mass(4.5 cm in diameter)in the left suprarenal region.Clinical history and laboratory results suggest a metabolic disorder as Conn's syndrome.The patient underwent a left adrenalectomy,and a histopathological study confirmed the mass to be a myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma containing myelolipoma.The patient was postoperatively well and discharged uneventfully.In the present case report,we also discuss the etiology of simultaneous myelolipoma and adrenal adenoma associated with Conn's syndrome,and the methods of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING CHARACTERISTICS AND SURGICAL RESULTS OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMAS

Objective To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） characteristics and surgical results of adrenocorticotropin （ACTH） -secreting pituitary adenomas. Methods MRI characteristics and relationship between MRI positive rate and surgical results of 266 patients with pathologically confn＇med Cushing＇s disease were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent thin-section sagittal and coronal scans of the pituitary gland before and after administration of gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid （Gd-DTPA） on a 1. 5 Tesla MR/scanner, and dynamic enhanced MR/was performed in 39 patients. All patients underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Endocrinological examinations and assessments were performed. Results Preoperative MR/revealed normal results in 41 （ 15.4% ） cases, microadenoma in 179 （67. 3% ）, macroadenoma in 42 （ 15.8% ）, and huge adenoma in 4 （ 1.5% ）. Pituitary apoplexy was found in 13 （4.9%） cases. Positive rate of ACTH-secreting adenomas was 84.6% （225/266） on MR/scans, and that of small microadenomas was 87.2% （34/39） on dynamic enhanced MRI scans. Preoperative endocrinological tests of 199 cases supported the diagnosis of typical Cushing＇s disease, while the other 67 cases had atypical endocrinological results. The endocrinological cure rate, remission rate, and inefficacy rate were 85.7%, 7.9%, and 6. 4%, respectively. There was no difference in the initial endocrinological cure rate between the patients with positive and normal MRI results （90% vs. 87. 8%, P =0. 904）. Conclusions Enhanced coronal pituitary MR/ is helpful for preoperative localization of ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenoma. Dynamic enhanced MR/may improve detection rate of microadenoma. There is no marked difference in the surgical results for patients with preoperative MR/results indicating presence or absence of microadenoma.

Peripheral corticotropin releasing hormone mediates post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in rats

AIM:To investigate whether peripheral corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), which is up-regulated in intestinal inflammation, mediates the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of colitis. METHODS:We measured mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as a marker of inflammation, plasma CRH level, and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) to colorectal distension as a visceral nociceptive response at 2, 7 and 14 d after the induction of colitis with 4% acetic acid. RESULTS:Colonic inflammation, quantified by MPO activity, significantly increased on d 2 and subsided thereafter, which indicated a resolution of inflammation within 7 d. On the contrary, plasma CRH level and AWR score were increased on d 2, remained high on d 7, and returned to control level on d 14. Intraperitoneal injection of a CRH antagonist, astressin (30 μg/kg), significantly attenuated the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity on d 7. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of CRH (3 and 10 μg/kg) mimicked the post-inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity in naive rats. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that increased peripheral CRH mediates the enhanced visceral nociception in rats recovered from experimental colitis.

Effect of electro-acupuncture on substance P, its receptor and corticotropin-releasing hormone in rats with irritable bowel syndrome

AIM： To investigate the effect and mechanism of electro-acupuncture lEA） at ST25 and ST37 on irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） of rats. METHODS： A total of 21 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group and EA group. A rat model of IBS was established by constraining the limbs and distending the colorectum of rats. Rats in EA group received bilateral EA at ST25 and ST37 with a sparse and intense waveform at a frequency of 2/50 Hz for 15 min, once a day for 7 d as a course. Rats in normal and model groups were stimulated by distending colorectum （CR）. An abdominal withdrawal reflex （AWR） scoring system was used to evaluate improvements in visceral hypersensitivity. Toluidine blue-improved method, immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay were used to observe mucosal mast cells （MC）, changes of substance P （SP） and substance P receptor （SPR） in colon and change of corticotropin-releasing hormone （CRH） in hypothalamus. RESULTS： The threshold of visceral sense was significantly lower in model group than in normal group,and significantly higher in EA group than in model group. The number of mucosal MC was greater in model group than in normal group and significantly smaller in EA group than in model group. The CRH level in hypothalamus of rats was significantly higher in model group than in normal group, which was remarkably decreased after electro-acupuncture treatment. The SP and SPR expression in colon of rats in model group was decreased after electro-acupuncture treatment. CONCLUSION： EA at ST25 and ST37 can decrease the number of mucosal MC and down-regulate the expression of CRH in hypothalamus, and the expression of SP and SPR in colon of rats with IBS.

Myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma—the first case reported in China

Myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma is a rare tumor and till now only 9 cases have been presented in the world. We here report another case of myxoid adenoma of the adrenal gland in a 45-year-old Chinese man who was admitted to hospital because of the right adrenal mass and mild hypertension. At surgery, the mass was well-circumscribed, measured 3.3 cm in diameter. Light-microscopic findings showed most of the tumor region with myxoid stroma, and the tumor cells were benign-look- ing. Immunohistochemical study showed the tumor had the positivity for vimentin, synaptophysin, neuron specific endolase but negative with cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. Moreover, it was negative with alpha-inhibin that is not in accordance with those reported. There was no finding corresponding to malignancy.

Suspended moxibustion relieves chronic visceral hyperalgesia and decreases hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone levels

AIM:To evaluate the effect of suspended moxibustion(SM) on rectal sensory thresholds and to analyze the possible mechanisms involved in SM treatment of chronic visceral hypersensitivity(CVH) in rats.METHODS:SM was administered once daily to 37-dold CVH rats for 7 d.The two pairs of acupoints(ST25 and ST37,bilateral) were simultaneously treated with SM.Each treatment lasted for 30 min.Rats undergoing treatment with SM were not anesthetized.Untreated CVH rats and normal rats were used as controls.The abdominal withdrawal reflex was determined 30-90 min after the seven treatments.The hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH) mRNA level was measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:We found that SM treatment significantly decreased visceral sensitivity to colorectal distention in this rat model.In treated animals,SM also decreased the relative hypothalamic CRH mRNA expression level to control levels.CONCLUSION:Lower hypothalamic CRH levels may mediate the beneficial effects of SM in this rat irritable bowel syndrome model.

眼睑皮脂腺腺癌分子生物学研究进展

眼睑皮脂腺腺癌具有易复发、易转移、恶性度高的特点,严重威胁患者生命及生存质量,但由于其临床表现多样,尚无统一的组织病理学分型,易误诊、漏诊,致使患者丧失最佳治疗时机, 导致肿瘤转移率和死亡率上升。近年来,随着分子生物学及免疫组织化学技术的发展,对眼睑皮脂腺腺癌的发生,发展以及诊断和鉴别诊断有了进一步认识。本文总结了有关眼睑皮脂腺腺癌分子生物学方面的研究进展,以期对该病的正确诊断和治疗有所帮助。

Significance of glucocorticoid receptor expression in colonic mucosal cells of patients with ulcerative colitis

AIM: Glucocorticoid (GC) resistant ulcerative colitis (UC) remains a serious disease and is difficult to manage. Although the molecular basis of GC insensitivity is still unknown, GC receptors (GRAAA and GRp) may play an important role in it. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of GRa and GRp in colonic mucosal cells of patients with UC, the efficacy of GC therapy and the intensity of inflammation. METHODS: Twenty-five cases of UC were classified into: GC sensitive (n = 16) and GC resistant (n - 9) cases. Patients consisted of mild (n = 6), moderate (n = 8) and severe (n = 11) cases. GRa and GRp expression in colonic mucosal specimens were investigated by immunohistochemistry, and compared between GC resistant and sensitive groups, and also among various degrees of inflammation. RESULTS: All cases were positive for GRa and GRp expression. Both positive association between GRa expression and the response of UC to GC and strong negative association between GRp expression and the response of UC to GC were identified. There was no significant association between GRa/GRp expression and the degree of inflammation of UC. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that both GRa and GRp may play an important role in the action of GC, and that GRp functions as a dominant negative inhibitor of GRa. Expression of GRa and GRp in colonic mucosal cells of patients with UC may serve as predictors of glucocorticoid response, but can not function as markers of inflammatory intensity.