游医·皮行

起源 在江湖门派里，游医属皮门，故又称皮行。如果要考究中国游医的历史，追溯到商周时代，应该是可以的。那个时代，虽然还巫、医并行且这并行现象一直绵延不绝甚至眼下还有，但既有神农尝百草的传说，有游医存在应该是肯定的。至于稍后的扁鹊、更后些的华佗。已经被“皮行”奉为行当的“祖师”了。

Results of Treating Vertebral Metastases by Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Combined with Interventional Chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE Vertebral metastases are a common manifestation in patients with advanced cancer and treatment is often ineffective. This study was conducted to explore the efficacy of treating vertebral metastases by percutaneous vertebroplasty （PVP） combined with interventional chemotherapy. METHODS Seventy-five patients with vertebral metastases （42 men, 33 women; ages 31-76 years） were divided into 2 groups： 39 cases were treated by PVP combined with chemotherapy （VPCC group）, and 36 cases were treated by PVP alone （VP group）. All procedures were guided by computed tomography （CT） scanning. The results and complications were evaluated by a questionnaire regarding pain and routine follow-up. RESULTS The response rate was significantly higher in the VPCC group than in the VP group （93.0% vs 74.4%, P〈0.05）; total response rates for the VPCC and VP groups were 25.6% and 10.3% respectively. A common complication related to VPCC was transient aggravating pain. CONCLUSION PVP may ameliorate pain, and consolidate the vertebrae of patients with vertebral metastases. Its short-term effect may be enhanced by adding drugs into the bone cement.

An Algorithm to Construct Concurrent Reachability Graph of Petri Nets

Reachability graph is a very important tool to analyze the dynamic properties of Petri nets, but the concurrent relation of transitions in Petri nets cannot be represented by reachability graph. Petri net is a concurrent system, while reachability graph is a serial one. However, concurrency is a kind of property which is not only very significant but also difficult to be analyzed and controlled. This paper presents the concepts of concurrent reachable marking and concurrent reachable graph in order to represent and analyze the concurrent system. The algorithm constructing concurrent reachable marking set and concurrent reachability graph is also shown so that we can study the response problems among services in a network computing environment and analyze the throughput of the system. The Dining Philosophers Problem, which is a classic problem of describing the management of concurrent resources, is given as an example to illustrate the significance of concurrent reachability graph.

Helicobacter pylori infection and micronutrient deficiencies

It is known that deficiencies of micronutrients due to infections increase morbidity and mortality.This phenomenon depicts itself conspicuously in developing countries. Deficiencies of iron,vitamins A,E,C,B12,etc are widely prevalent among populations living in the third world countries.Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)infection has a high prevalence throughout the world.Deficiencies of several micronutrients due to H pylori infection may be concomitantly present and vary from subtle sub-clinical states to severe clinical disorders.These essential trace elements/ micronutrients are involved in host defense mechanisms, maintaining epithelial cell integrity,glycoprotein synthesis, transport mechanisms,myocardial contractility,brain development,cholesterol and glucose metabolism.In this paper H pylori infection in associaed with various micronutrients deficiencies is briefly reviewed.

Technical Approaches and in-vitro Evaluation Methods for Scalp Care

Scalp care is important in maintaining good conditions of scalp and hair. Key technical approaches for scalp care include reducing the chance of scalp inflammation, improving scalp defense, and activating hair follicle cells. As the cosmetics industry is moving toward to alternative methods to animal testing based on the 3 Rs(Replacement, Reduction and Refinement), in vitro methods will be widely used to evaluate the effects of scalp care. In this paper, we describe the detailed technical approaches for scalp care and the in vitro evaluation methods for skin irritation, anti-inflammation, barrier function, blood circulation, hair growth and male pattern hair loss prevention, respectively.

A state of the science on influential factors related to sun protective behaviors to prevent skin cancer in adults

Skin cancer rates have risen over the past decades,making it imperative that adults understand the need for protection from sun exposure.Though some risk factors have been identified as predictive for skin cancers,there is a lack of synthesized information about factors that influence adults in their decisions to engage in sun protective behaviors.The purpose of this paper is to present the current state of the science on influential factors for sun protective behaviors in the general adult population.A rigorous literature search inclusive of a generally White,Caucasian,and non-Hispanic adult population was performed,and screening yielded 18 quantitative studies for inclusion in this review.Findings indicate that modifiable and non-modifiable factors are interdependent and play a role in sun protective behaviors.This study resulted in a proposed conceptual model for affecting behavioral change in sun protection including the following factors:personal characteristics,cognitive factors,family dynamics,and social/peer group influences.These factors are introduced to propose tailored nursing interventions that would change current sun protective behavior practice.Key implications for nursing research and practice focus on feasibility of annual skin cancer screening facilitated by advanced practice nurses,incorporating the identified influential factors to reduce skin cancer risk and unnecessary sun exposure.

An SPN analysis method for parallel scheduling in Ad Hoc networks

In this paper, a new analytic method for modeling and evaluating mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) is proposed. Petri nets technique is introduced into MANET and a packet-flow parallel scheduling scheme is presented using Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN). The flowing of tokens is used in graphics mode to characterize dynamical features of sharing a single wireless channel. Through SPN reachability analysis and isomorphic continuous time Markov process equations, some network parameters, such as channel efficiency, one-hop transmission delay etc., can be obtained. Compared with conventional performance evaluation methods, the above parameters are mathematical expressions instead of test results from a simulator.

Simulation and analysis of airflow stability during fire in mine belt roadway

According to fluid dynamics analysis during the fire, the criteria k-ε two-equation model for solving three-dimensional turbulence was determined, the pollutants generated in the fire disaster were set by adopting Mixture multiphase flow, and the SIMPLE algorithm was used for solving on the basis of comprehensive consideration on the heat radia- tion and components transmission during fire. By simulating the airflow flowing state inside the tunnel during fire disaster of downward ventilation, drift ventilation, and ascensional ventilation, respectively, with regard to the actual situation of No.l, No.3, and No.5 belt roadway in Kongzhuang Coal Mine, the velocity vector distributions of pollutants under different inlet air volumes were obtained, and the damage degree and influential factors of disaster were also clear, which is helpful to control and avoid disaster during belt roadway fire.

Resourceful Utilization of Tannery Wastewater

Leather industry is an important light industry in China.Leather making requires a series of chemical treatment.Degreasing,unhairing and chrome tanning wastewaters are the main portions of tannery wastewater.Reclaiming and reusing these wastewaters can eliminate 80% of COD,75% of BOD,95% of chromium and 93% of sulfuret,furthermore reduce environment impact,decrease treatment costs,save chemicals and water.Some application methods of wastewater reclamation and reuse for different operations were reported.The suitable reclamation and reuse technologies can enable leather making processes more rational,and realize the recovery and recycle of several chemicals in the tannery.Resourceful utilization of tannery wastewater should mate with renovating production technology,updating equipment,and must be guaranteed sufficiently by environmental protection measures.

Influence of Shaving Behavior on Skin Physiological Properties and Sensory Discomfort of Chinese Men

Men's facial skin is ubiquitously affected by their shaving behaviors. Skin physiological parameters and the degree of discomfort were investigated on healthy Chinese male volunteers. The effect of immediate shaving and long-term shaving was compared, and more parameters such as skin integrity, pigmentation and texture were significantly influenced by long-term shaving. Sensory assessment also showed severer discomfort degree after long-term shaving. The results indicated that long-term shaving has more impact on skin condition than immediate shaving. Furthermore, the skin damage caused by shaving can be relieved by appropriate shaving care habits.

Sensory Evaluation of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC) in Facial Mask

An equipment test and sensory evaluation were conducted to identify the compatibility and sensory characteristics of HEC in facial masks. These results were then compared to xanthan gum usage. The equipment test results showed that HEC promoted proper tensile capacity in masks which are made from strong structured fabrics such as medium thick, thick and cross woven & homogenous thin mask fabrics. HEC was found to be more compatible with mask fabrics than xanthan gum. HEC improved mask softness and dampness and had an improved water binding and water retention ability compared to xanthan gum. The split face sensory evaluation results demonstrated that sheet masks containing HEC had improved adhesion and lubricity, provided more moisture to the skin, better elasticity and gloss after use and took longer to dry out. Overall, the panel preferred facial masks which contain HEC.

The Implementation of GB/T 19000 Promotes the Advancement of the Management Level of the Leather Industry

Focusing on the economic development of its leather industry,Xinji City in the center ofHebei Province adheres to the scientific concept of development,strives to explore new ideas for industrialdevelopment,and makes tireless efforts to implement the GB/T19000 Quality Managementand Quality Assurance.This deepens the standardization of the leather industry and improves thelevel of enterprise management,serving both the economy and the enterprises.

The Global Fur Industry： Trends, Globalization and Specialization

The fur industry and the entire fur cluster are in many ways an interesting and instructive example from which many lessons can be learned. Up to now, the international fur industry has not been thoroughly described or analyzed. A major reason is the rather limited availability of national and international statistics about the fur sector. This article analyzes the production and international trade in fur based on information from official statistics, trade associations, companies, scientific papers and reports, interviews with experts, etc.. Markets and market conditions play a very important role with regards to the fur sector, and the price of fur is volatile in the short and long run. A new world trade pattern and international specialization have emerged in recent years. The comparative advantages of the fur sector change along the fur value chain, while China＇s position on the global fur market has changed significantly.

Anne Frank： The Commemoration of Individual Experiences of the Holocaust

Holocaust memorial sites rarely tell the story of individual fates but rather give attention to the main or larger population groups that were the focus of persecution and extermination during the Nazi Germany twelve years of terror in Europe 1933-45. This essay takes a closer look at one of the most remarkable exemptions of the prevailing memory culture at Holocaust memorials： the sites and events highlighting Anne Frank and her short life in troubled times. Over the past years millions of travelers from all over the world have shown a genuine interest in learning about the life world of their young heroine thus creating what has been termed Anne Frank Tourism. In 2014, 1.2 million people visited the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam： the museum and educational center, the place in hiding where she wrote her now famous and widely read diary. Several other sites connected to the life path of Anne Frank, from her birth place in Frankfurt to the Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp where her life prematurely ended, have also become part of the mostly young tourists＇ search for Anne Frank＇s life and legacy. With the rising popularity of Anne Frank related sites the management of some of the locales has become more problematic which is discussed in the context of a several museums, centers and historic sites. On a more general note, it is argued here that in recent years the more group oriented commemoration practices at Holocaust sites have given way to a trend of putting individual faces to the victims of the Holocaust. It was, in particular, novels, films and TV productions about the Holocaust that emphasized individual life paths and events and enticed visitation to more personalized sites. Steven Spielberg＇s popular movie Schindler＇s List, for example, contributed to ＂Schindler tourism＂, a form of special interest tourism in Krakow. More and more Holocaust memorial sites have also started to honor outstanding individuals or small groups in resistance and opposition to Nazi Germany. Examples of this are the fighters of the 1943 uprising at the Sobibor death camp and the courageous student members of the ＂White Rose＂ in Munich who stood up to the powers of the time and were executed. In the concluding part the question will be raised of what is the proper approach in the representation of the fate of the victims of Nazi Germany： A personalized approach or a greater focus on an explanation of the ideology and policies behind the rule of terror which may contribute to the visitors＇ better understanding of a complex history？

Time-Frequency Analysis of EEG Signals Evoked by Voluntary, Stimulated and Imaginary Motions

In order to investigate the characteristics of sensorimotor cortex during motor execution(ME), voluntary, stimulated and imaginary finger flexions were performed by ten volunteer subjects. Electroencephalogram(EEG) data were recorded according to the modified 10-20 International EEG System. The patterns were compared by the analysis of the motion-evoked EEG signals focusing on the contralateral(C3) and ipsilateral(C4) channels for hemispheric differences. The EEG energy distributions at alpha(8—13 Hz), beta(14—30 Hz) and gamma(30—50 Hz) bands were computed by wavelet transform(WT) and compared by the analysis of variance(ANOVA). The timefrequency(TF) analysis indicated that there existed a contralateral dominance of alpha post-movement event-related synchronization(ERS) pattern during the voluntary task, and that the energy of alpha band increased in the ipsilateral area during the stimulated(median nerve of wrist) task. Besides, the contralateral alpha and beta event-related desynchronization(ERD) patterns were observed in both stimulated and imaginary tasks. Another significant difference was found in the mean power values of gamma band(p<0.01)between the imaginary and other tasks. The results show that significant hemispheric differences such as alpha and beta band EEG energy distributions and TF changing phenomena(ERS/ERD) were found between C3 and C4 areas during all of the three patterns. The largest energy distribution was always at the alpha band for each task.

New Wide Group issued its second CSR White Paper

New Wide Group（NW Group）officially released its second CSR White Paper in Shanghai on October 12th,written in both Chinese and English and meeting both GRI G4 and CSR-GATEs standard in textile industry.The Report fully discloses the performance that NW Group has achieved in CRS managerial principles,key issues,response and action,and showcases the results of its long-termcommitment to social responsibility.

Unexplainable development of a hydatid cyst

Echinococcosis is a cyclozoonosis characterized by cystic lesions usually situated inside or outside the liver. We discuss the case of a 77-year-old woman with a recurrent hydatidosis with a cyst arising from the liver, growing through the lateral right abdomen wall, and reaching the subcutaneous tissue of the lumbar region. In the literature, rare subcutaneous or muscular Iocalizations of hydatid cysts are described, however, there is no mention of a cyst growing over the abdominal wall muscles, shaped like an hourglass, partially in the liver and partially in the subcutaneous tissue, as in our case. We have not found any pathogenetic explanation for this growth pattern which is not typical of the biological behaviour of a hydatid cyst.

保健饮料银杏枣汁的生产工艺

具有保健作用的银杏叶提取物 ( EGB)、红枣、枸杞子和蜂蜜制成了枣香宜人、酸甜适口、对心脑血管疾病、老年痴呆症、降低血压等有保健作用的饮料。

Epidemiological investigation of Histoplasma capsulatum infection in China

Objectives To provide reliable information concerning the presence or the absence of Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum) infection in China, and data concerning this respect.Methods Three hundred normal people and 435 hospitalized patients, who lived in Hunan and Jiangsu provinces, and the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, were tested with yeast-phase histoplasmin (ALK/Berkerley Biologicals Laboratories, USA) and human pure protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) on the volar surface of the forearm. Any reaction to the antigens over 5.0?mm in diameter of induration at 48-72?hours was considered positive. Results A total of 138 subjects (18.8%) in 735 patients reacted to histoplasmin with 5.0-45.0 (9.1±4.3)?mm indurations. Significant differences of positive skin reaction rates in normal subjects were found in Hunan, Jiangsu and Xinjiang (8.9% vs 15.1% vs 2.1%). The overall positive rate of patients was 25.5%. Patients with tuberculosis [31.7% (78/246)] had a significantly higher positive skin reaction rate in comparison with those suffering from pneumonia [17.7% (11/62)], lung cancer [20.9% (9/43)], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [17.3% (9/52)] and other diseases [12.5% (4/32)] (P<0.01). Of 562 cases, 292 cases (52.0%) reacted to PPD with indurations of 5-50 (13.7±4.9)mm in diameter, 63 cases (11.2%) reacted to both histoplasmin and PPD, while 38 cases (6.9%) reacted to histoplasmin but not to PPD.Conclusions The data suggest that there is H. capsulatum herd infection in China. The infection rate in Southeast China is higher than that in the Northwest, and the infection rate of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is higher than that of normal persons and other pneumonopathy patients.

Experimental research on air film formation behavior of air cushion belt conveyor with stable load

In this paper, the air film formation behavior of air cushion belt conveyor with stable load is studied. The air cushion field is analyzed by means of theoretical derivation, numerical simulation and experimental research. An intelligent experiment platform is developed. Three dimensional pressure distribution of air film and the air film thickness distribution along the conveyor belt in the width direction are obtained. The experimental result is analyzed by comparing with theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. The numerical and theoretical results are in good agreement with those obtained from experiments. The air film formation behavior pattern of air cushion belt conveyor with stable load is presented. The optimized film thickness and pore distribution are obtained based on the comprehensive energy consumption. This study provides a basis for the optimization design of air cushion belt conveyor.