冀西北赤城—宣化盆地土城子组沉积特征及盆缘构造分析

为了揭示华北北部晚侏罗世沉积盆地性质,对赤城—宣化盆地中土城子组沉积特征及盆缘构造进行了研究。通过对土城子组沉积特征研究表明,土城子组中—下部为一套河湖相沉积,上部为一套冲积扇粗碎屑沉积;土城子组砾岩成分系统统计分析显示,赤城盆地与宣化—下花园盆地具有相似岩屑岩性相旋回,反映源区具有相同或相近的蚀顶过程。研究区晚侏罗世盆地中土城子组充填特征及盆缘构造特征表明,土城子组形成于挤压构造背景,土城子组沉积时期盆地受控于盆缘逆冲断层。大地构造背景暗示,赤城—宣化盆地晚侏罗世—早白垩世期间,古太平洋板块向NW方向的俯冲作用与尚义—赤城断裂向南逆冲并伴随右旋走滑作用是土城子组沉积时期盆地格局形成的重要控制因素。

四川盆地东部页岩气甜点评价体系与富集高产影响因素

四川盆地东部南川地区处于高压—常压过渡带,页岩气储层埋藏以深层、中深层为主,地质条件复杂,单井产气量差异大。为了揭示该区页岩气富集高产的影响因素,基于典型井钻井资料及试气成果,分析了该区页岩气地质特点,建立了页岩气甜点目标评价体系,划分了甜点区,明确了不同甜点区页岩气生产特征,探讨了页岩气富集高产的影响因素。研究结果表明:①南川地区沉积及地球化学特征基本一致,但受多期构造改造作用的影响,由北向南、自西向东,具有孔隙度增加、压力系数变小、含气性变差、地应力变小的特征;②基于分形理论,建立了包含总有机碳含量在内共计6项参数的储层分级评价标准,明确①—③小层为Ⅰ类储层,是页岩气勘探甜点段;③建立了以"物质基础、保存条件和体积改造"3大类13项为评价参数的定量化页岩气甜点目标评价体系及标准,优选出平桥背斜为Ⅰ类甜点区,东胜南斜坡、东胜背斜、平桥南斜坡为Ⅱ类甜点区;④页岩气生产特征具有分区性,Ⅰ类区具有高产气、低产液、稳产期长且产量递减慢的特征,单井测试页岩气产量和估算最终可采储量较高;⑤页岩气水平井产能主要受控于沉积相带、保存条件和体积改造程度。结论认为,该研究成果可以为四川盆地盆缘区页岩气高质量勘探和规模效益开发提供指导和参考。

赤水林滩场地区龙马溪组页岩气勘探潜力分析

四川盆地是中国页岩气增储上产的主阵地,随着盆内深层页岩气开发建产规模的推进,上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组页岩气勘探转向盆缘复杂构造区,位于该盆地东南缘的贵州赤水探区林滩场构造为其典型代表。LY1HF、LY3HF井的成功实施证实了林滩场具备良好的页岩气形成条件,但也反映了该区构造特征及保存条件复杂。为了落实页岩气有利区,通过对已钻井的评估分析,基于页岩气形成条件分析,重点对该地区构造特征和保存条件进行了深化研究。研究结果表明:①研究区龙马溪组深水陆棚相优质页岩厚度较大,有机碳丰度高、孔隙度高、含气量高,具有页岩气富集的良好地质条件;②林滩场是受推覆断层控制的推覆断背斜,保存条件具分区差异性,其中盆缘正向复杂构造区沿地层上倾方向有逆冲断层阻隔是有利的保存条件;③综合考虑龙马溪组泥页岩发育程度、埋深、保存和开发等条件,优选出南1、北1区为该区龙马溪组页岩气勘探的Ⅰ类有利区,勘探开发潜力较大。

Relationship of hydrocarbon and source-rock in Nos.3-5 tectonic belts of the Lenghu area,northern Qaidam Basin

Based on analyses of the components of crude oil hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes,the content of normal alkane decreased from 49.00% to 20.10% when moving from the No.3 to No.5 tectonic belt of the Lenghu area of the Qaidam Basin,while cycloalkanes increased from 30.00% to 52.20% and aromatic and branch chain alkanes increased gradually as well. The maturity of sterane in crude oil is higher than that of its source-rock,which shows that the hydrocarbons were generated from a deep source-rock of high maturity around the tectonic belts of the Lenghu area. The analysis of the characteristics of carbon isotopes also shows that these isotopes of hydrocarbon compounds in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt are apparently heavier than those in the No.3 belt. The results of our research show that the hydrocarbons in the No.3 tectonic belt are mainly from a relatively rich sapropelic substance,while the hydrocarbons in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt originated mainly from organic matter of a relatively rich humic type substance.

Geological factors associated with unsuccessful exploration wells in the northern margin of the Qaidam basin

We investigated the geological factors associated with unsuccessful exploration wells in the northern margin of the Qaidam basin to better understand their cause.The structural situation,the hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism and unsuccessful well data collected from 1996 to 2005 were studied.The results show that the main geological factors associated with unsuccessful exploration wells are a lack of effective source rocks and a lack of effective traps,as well as the migration-accumulation conditions that exist in this area.The basin was reformed by Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution.Multi-stage tectonic activities have both positive and negative effects on hydrocarbon accumulation.Source rocks distribution,effective migration channels,effective traps and the tectonic evolution effects on hydrocarbons should be the key objects for further studies.

Diagenesis tectonic setting and U-Pb dating for zircon from Tanjianshan Group in northern margin of Qaidam Basin

The shape,texture,content and REE characteristics of zircons from the O2tnd-1,O3tnd-2,O3tnd-3pyroclastic rock of Tanjianshan Group on the north margin of Qaidam Basin indicate that the O2-3tndis the product of volcanism during the transitional period from ocean-land interim crust to oceanic crust.The U-Pb surface ages obtained from O3tnd-2and O3tnd-3can be divided into 9 groups,every age group coincides with the period when significant tectonic-heat event took place at Oulongbuluke micro-continental base of northern Qaidam,suggesting that the base rocks have provided materials for the formation of sedimentary and volcanic rock in O2-3tnd.The volcanic rocks of O3tnd-3formed at 440 Ma,with time gap 46 Ma to those of O1tna-1and O3tnd-3may represent the minor period that Xitieshan back-arc extension have lasted,the scale of back-arc basin that formed in Xitieshan extension may approach to 1 400 km.Based on the test of ithochemistry data for major elements and analysis of Sr isotope geochemistry for the clastic sedimentary rock in O1tna-2and O3tnd-2,the authors get the conclusion that the O1tna-2and O3tnd-2of Tanjianshan Group may form in back-arc basin environment,while the lithology difference between these two formations may reflect the changes of geodynamic processes as the diagenesis tectonic environment transformed from continental margin depression to adjacent sea basin.

The U-Pb chronologic evidence and sedimentary responses of Silurian tectonic activities at northeastern margin of Tarim Basin

U-Pb ages of Devonian detrital zircons from Tabei Uplift have been determined through LA-ICP-MS test technology.The results revealed that most zircon ages concentrate on 460-414 Ma,especially around 436-423 Ma,indicating possible occurrences of strong tectonic events at the northern margin of Tarim Basin during that period.Combined with previous researches on the basin marginal orogenic belts,intense tectonic activities developed at the northeast margin of Tarim Basin and its obvious sedimentary responses in basin during the end of Ordovician to Early-Middle Silurian are discussed.These include(1) several unconformities within the Late Ordovician-Silurian,showing truncation,erosion,and onlap characteristics,which reflected the local uplift formed during the surrounding extrusion process;(2) the Silurian fluvial delta system from northeast to southwest in Keping,Yingmaili,Hade,and Caohu areas,which reflected the partial uplift at the northeast margin and provided clastic supply to basin;and(3) as indicated by heavy mineral analysis,the Silurian sediments came mainly from the recycles of orogenic belts provenance,which indicated the compress tectonic setting.In addition,a wide range of red mudstone layer distribution in the upper part of the Silurian may be closely related to the surrounding tectonic uplift and the rapid decline of sea levels.