[Objective]The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the large-scale breeding of Exopalaemon carinicauda. [Method]Effects of salinity fluctuation （S0,S3,S6 and S9 represented salinity fluctuations ...[Objective]The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the large-scale breeding of Exopalaemon carinicauda. [Method]Effects of salinity fluctuation （S0,S3,S6 and S9 represented salinity fluctuations of 0,3,6 and 9 respectivley） and dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines （0,1%,2% and 4% respectively） on survival,growth and immunity of E.carinicauda were studied,and its experiment lasted for 60 d. [Result]The results showed that specific growth rate,feed conversion efficiency and superoxide dismutase activity of E.carinicauda in the treatment group with 1% dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicine and S6 salinity fluctuation were higher than those in other treatments,which was significantly higher than the treatment groups with S0,S3 and S9 salinity fluctuation at the same adding level of 1% dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The regression analysis indicated that at S0,S3 and S6 salinity fluctuation,the optimal adding level of dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines in feeds decreased with the increase of salinity fluctuation,accounting for 2.74%,1.77% and 0.51% respectively. At four adding levels of dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines,the optimal salinity fluctuation of E.carinicauda also decreased with the increase of dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines in feeds,accounting for 5.26,4.95,3.54 and 1.97 respectively. [Conclusion]Salinity,dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines and their interactions have a significant effect on survival,growth and immunity of E.carinicauda,which calls for attentions in the breeding.展开更多
A factorial study was conducted to determine the effects of salinity （constant （SO） and fluctuating （S10）） and isoenergetic diet of different protein/carbohydrate ratios （P/C： 4.1, 1.9, 1.0 and 0.6） on the su...A factorial study was conducted to determine the effects of salinity （constant （SO） and fluctuating （S10）） and isoenergetic diet of different protein/carbohydrate ratios （P/C： 4.1, 1.9, 1.0 and 0.6） on the survival and growth of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed that I） At S0 and S10, specific growth rate and apparent digestibility coefficient exhibited decreasing trend, while food conversion ratio exhibited increasing trend, with decreasing P/C ratio. At SO, food consumption and specific growth rate of the shrimp fed 4.1 P/C were significantly higher than those fed 1.0 and 0.6 P/C, whereas at S10, no significant differences were detected among different treatments; II） At 4.1 and 1.9 P/C, food consumption and specific growth rate were higher in the shrimp maintained at SO as compared with those at S10, while at 1.0 and 0.6 P/C, an inverse trend was observed. Among four P/C ratios, food conversion ratio of the shrimp at SO was the lowest.展开更多
Effects of the amplitude(± 2, ± 4, ± 6, and ± 8) and frequency(2, 4, and 8 d) of salinity fluctuation on the body composition and energy budget of juvenile tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis) were ...Effects of the amplitude(± 2, ± 4, ± 6, and ± 8) and frequency(2, 4, and 8 d) of salinity fluctuation on the body composition and energy budget of juvenile tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis) were investigated in a 64-d experiment. Results showed that the amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuation had significant interaction and both substantially affected the final weight and specific growth rate of juvenile tongue sole. The tongue sole exhibited better growth in treatments with moderate amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuation(amplitude ± 4–6; frequency 4–8 d) than in other treatments and the control. In terms of energy budget, salinity fluctuation strongly affected the proportions of energy components, including those deposited for growth and lost in respiration, feces, and excretion. Moderately amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuationg that favored the growth of tongue sole partitioned more energy for growth and less energy for metabolism than the constant and other amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuation. Average energy budget for tongue sole at moderately fluctuating salinity was determined to be 100C(food) = 30.92G(growth) + 10.30F(feces) + 6.77U(excretion) + 52.01R(respiration). Energetic advantage at moderately fluctuating salinity, including increased energy intake, high assimilation efficiency, reduced metabolism expenditure, and more energy partitioned into growth, might account for the enhancement of tongue sole growth. Commercial farmers are recommended to rear juvenile tongue sole with moderate salinity fluctuations for better growth performance of this species.展开更多
Heterogeneity of soil salinity is a prominent environmental characteristic in the intertidal zone of estuaries,affecting the plant growth and the shift of biotic interactions in the salt marsh.This study aims to exami...Heterogeneity of soil salinity is a prominent environmental characteristic in the intertidal zone of estuaries,affecting the plant growth and the shift of biotic interactions in the salt marsh.This study aims to examine the interactive effects of a salinity gradient and salinity fluctuations on intraspecific interactions of a euhalophyte.We assessed the impact of daily fluctuating salinity on the outcome of intraspecific interactions by cultivating seeds of Suaeda salsa(Chenopodiaceae)in river sand.The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with three treatments:daily salinity fluctuations(static and fluctuating salinity),a salinity gradient(200 and 400 mmol L^(−1))and three planting densities(1,2 and 4 plants/pot).First,height and biomass of plants were measured at both the start and end of the experiment.Then,the growth indexes and log response ratio of S.salsa were analyzed.The outcome of intraspecific interactions of S.salsa shifted from competition in low salinity to facilitation in high salinity,and high conspecific density strengthened the competition and facilitation intensities.Daily salinity fluctuation did not significantly affect the plant growth and the outcome of intraspecific interactions,but did have a significant influence on belowground biomass.Our results suggest that the stress-gradient hypothesis may apply to predicting the variation of the intraspecific relationship of a salt-tolerant species along a salinity gradient,and the magnitude of this variation is density dependent.These findings help us understand how individuals and populations of a euhalophyte species respond to the natural variation or human modification of salinity conditions.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Project of National Science and Technology Supporting Plan during the Eleventh five-year (2006BAD09A06)Openend Fund for Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology(HS2007017)Blue Project for Jiangsu Province Office of Education (QN07008)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the large-scale breeding of Exopalaemon carinicauda. [Method]Effects of salinity fluctuation （S0,S3,S6 and S9 represented salinity fluctuations of 0,3,6 and 9 respectivley） and dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines （0,1%,2% and 4% respectively） on survival,growth and immunity of E.carinicauda were studied,and its experiment lasted for 60 d. [Result]The results showed that specific growth rate,feed conversion efficiency and superoxide dismutase activity of E.carinicauda in the treatment group with 1% dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicine and S6 salinity fluctuation were higher than those in other treatments,which was significantly higher than the treatment groups with S0,S3 and S9 salinity fluctuation at the same adding level of 1% dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The regression analysis indicated that at S0,S3 and S6 salinity fluctuation,the optimal adding level of dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines in feeds decreased with the increase of salinity fluctuation,accounting for 2.74%,1.77% and 0.51% respectively. At four adding levels of dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines,the optimal salinity fluctuation of E.carinicauda also decreased with the increase of dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines in feeds,accounting for 5.26,4.95,3.54 and 1.97 respectively. [Conclusion]Salinity,dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines and their interactions have a significant effect on survival,growth and immunity of E.carinicauda,which calls for attentions in the breeding.
基金funded by National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs funded by Ministry of Science & Technology of China (Grant No. 2006BAD09A01, 2006BAD09A06)Jiangsu Provincial Science Foundation for Talent Youths (Grant No. 2006548) Open Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology (Grant No. 2006HS017)
文摘A factorial study was conducted to determine the effects of salinity （constant （SO） and fluctuating （S10）） and isoenergetic diet of different protein/carbohydrate ratios （P/C： 4.1, 1.9, 1.0 and 0.6） on the survival and growth of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed that I） At S0 and S10, specific growth rate and apparent digestibility coefficient exhibited decreasing trend, while food conversion ratio exhibited increasing trend, with decreasing P/C ratio. At SO, food consumption and specific growth rate of the shrimp fed 4.1 P/C were significantly higher than those fed 1.0 and 0.6 P/C, whereas at S10, no significant differences were detected among different treatments; II） At 4.1 and 1.9 P/C, food consumption and specific growth rate were higher in the shrimp maintained at SO as compared with those at S10, while at 1.0 and 0.6 P/C, an inverse trend was observed. Among four P/C ratios, food conversion ratio of the shrimp at SO was the lowest.
基金supported by the National Great Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs of China (Grant No. 2011BAD13B03)]the Program for Excellent Youth Foundation of Shandong province (Grant No. JQ201009)the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean, State Oceanic Administration of the People’s Republic of China (Grant No. 200905020)
文摘Effects of the amplitude(± 2, ± 4, ± 6, and ± 8) and frequency(2, 4, and 8 d) of salinity fluctuation on the body composition and energy budget of juvenile tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis) were investigated in a 64-d experiment. Results showed that the amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuation had significant interaction and both substantially affected the final weight and specific growth rate of juvenile tongue sole. The tongue sole exhibited better growth in treatments with moderate amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuation(amplitude ± 4–6; frequency 4–8 d) than in other treatments and the control. In terms of energy budget, salinity fluctuation strongly affected the proportions of energy components, including those deposited for growth and lost in respiration, feces, and excretion. Moderately amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuationg that favored the growth of tongue sole partitioned more energy for growth and less energy for metabolism than the constant and other amplitude and frequency of salinity fluctuation. Average energy budget for tongue sole at moderately fluctuating salinity was determined to be 100C(food) = 30.92G(growth) + 10.30F(feces) + 6.77U(excretion) + 52.01R(respiration). Energetic advantage at moderately fluctuating salinity, including increased energy intake, high assimilation efficiency, reduced metabolism expenditure, and more energy partitioned into growth, might account for the enhancement of tongue sole growth. Commercial farmers are recommended to rear juvenile tongue sole with moderate salinity fluctuations for better growth performance of this species.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-Profit Research Institution of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2016SY034,key technologies of functional restoration and directional improvement of mudflat wetland)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0506200)the Research on the synchronicity of dichogamy in Scirpus planiculmis based on population clonal structure(NSFC31800348).
文摘Heterogeneity of soil salinity is a prominent environmental characteristic in the intertidal zone of estuaries,affecting the plant growth and the shift of biotic interactions in the salt marsh.This study aims to examine the interactive effects of a salinity gradient and salinity fluctuations on intraspecific interactions of a euhalophyte.We assessed the impact of daily fluctuating salinity on the outcome of intraspecific interactions by cultivating seeds of Suaeda salsa(Chenopodiaceae)in river sand.The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with three treatments:daily salinity fluctuations(static and fluctuating salinity),a salinity gradient(200 and 400 mmol L^(−1))and three planting densities(1,2 and 4 plants/pot).First,height and biomass of plants were measured at both the start and end of the experiment.Then,the growth indexes and log response ratio of S.salsa were analyzed.The outcome of intraspecific interactions of S.salsa shifted from competition in low salinity to facilitation in high salinity,and high conspecific density strengthened the competition and facilitation intensities.Daily salinity fluctuation did not significantly affect the plant growth and the outcome of intraspecific interactions,but did have a significant influence on belowground biomass.Our results suggest that the stress-gradient hypothesis may apply to predicting the variation of the intraspecific relationship of a salt-tolerant species along a salinity gradient,and the magnitude of this variation is density dependent.These findings help us understand how individuals and populations of a euhalophyte species respond to the natural variation or human modification of salinity conditions.
