High resolution cameras and multi camera systems are being used in areas of video surveillance like security of public places, traffic monitoring, and military and satellite imaging. This leads to a demand for computa...High resolution cameras and multi camera systems are being used in areas of video surveillance like security of public places, traffic monitoring, and military and satellite imaging. This leads to a demand for computational algorithms for real time processing of high resolution videos. Motion detection and background separation play a vital role in capturing the object of interest in surveillance videos, but as we move towards high resolution cameras, the time-complexity of the algorithm increases and thus fails to be a part of real time systems. Parallel architecture provides a surpass platform to work efficiently with complex algorithmic solutions. In this work, a method was proposed for identifying the moving objects perfectly in the videos using adaptive background making, motion detection and object estimation. The pre-processing part includes an adaptive block background making model and a dynamically adaptive thresholding technique to estimate the moving objects. The post processing includes a competent parallel connected component labelling algorithm to estimate perfectly the objects of interest. New parallel processing strategies are developed on each stage of the algorithm to reduce the time-complexity of the system. This algorithm has achieved a average speedup of 12.26 times for lower resolution video frames(320×240, 720×480, 1024×768) and 7.30 times for higher resolution video frames(1360×768, 1920×1080, 2560×1440) on GPU, which is superior to CPU processing. Also, this algorithm was tested by changing the number of threads in a thread block and the minimum execution time has been achieved for 16×16 thread block. And this algorithm was tested on a night sequence where the amount of light in the scene is very less and still the algorithm has given a significant speedup and accuracy in determining the object.展开更多
In this paper, a new MAC protocol for WLAN is proposed. The new protocol, which is called PRMA (Priority Rotation Multiple Access), is based on priority rotation theory. In PRMA, each access cycle consists of a conten...In this paper, a new MAC protocol for WLAN is proposed. The new protocol, which is called PRMA (Priority Rotation Multiple Access), is based on priority rotation theory. In PRMA, each access cycle consists of a contention period and a data transmission period. During contention period, a node competes for the right to control the channel according to its priority. The winner of contention can control the channel and can send data without collision in data transmission period. Analysis and simulation results show that PRMA is a stable protocol, which means that it can achieve high throughput both under high-load and under low-load conditions.展开更多
The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based...The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based on the data from the monitoring station on Banzhai subterranean stream located in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province,the process and influence factors of KCS have been analyzed.It shows that the amount of KCS is about 353 t C per year in the catchment of Banzhai subterranean stream,and there is good linear relationship between the strength of KCS and discharge of the stream at various time scales.Therefore,how to monitor the discharge accurately is the key to the estimation of KCS.And stations with real-time monitoring function are very important for KCS calculation because of strong seasonal variability of the karst water cycle.展开更多
Transporting hatching eggs from Hungary and incubating them abroad revealed lower hatchability compared to when the eggs were incubated in Hungary. Following transport, there were higher embryo losses and, notably, mo...Transporting hatching eggs from Hungary and incubating them abroad revealed lower hatchability compared to when the eggs were incubated in Hungary. Following transport, there were higher embryo losses and, notably, more malformed embryos. The aim of these initial trials was to determine if a testing device （crazy fit massage machine （CFM machine）） was able to replicate and model the mechanical impacts experienced during transport and reproduce the reduction in hatchability and increase the level of malformed embryos as observed in commercial practice. Tinytag~ high sensitivity shock and vibration loggers were used to monitor the impacts under field and trial conditions. Applying single 10 min treatments on the CFM machine, which used the same frequency （10-30 Hz） as the eggs experience under field conditions, induced the negative effect of transport, and lower hatching results were experienced. Three trials were conducted. Treated eggs in Trials 1 and 2 received automatically and periodical changing vibration in a range between 10-30 Hz for 10 min while in Trial 3 two different levels of impact were applied at 20 Hz and 30 Hz, respectively. Hatchability decreased due to the treatment significatly only in Trial 3. Significant differences were also detected in early dead levels in Trials 2 and 3 and the occurrences of malformation in Trials 1 and 3. All these results are in accordance with the field experience. Thus, the trials which examined the equipment were able to produce mechanical impacts that were repeatable in order to set up statistically reliable trials on hatching eggs.展开更多
A method is proposed to monitor and control Hopf bifurcations in multi-machine power systems using the information from wide area measurement systems (WAMSs). The power method (PM) is adopted to compute the pair of co...A method is proposed to monitor and control Hopf bifurcations in multi-machine power systems using the information from wide area measurement systems (WAMSs). The power method (PM) is adopted to compute the pair of conjugate eigenvalues with the algebraically largest real part and the corresponding eigenvectors of the Jacobian matrix of a power system. The distance between the current equilibrium point and the Hopf bifurcation set can be monitored dynamically by computing the pair of con- jugate eigenvalues. When the current equilibrium point is close to the Hopf bifurcation set, the approximate normal vector to the Hopf bifurcation set is computed and used as a direction to regulate control parameters to avoid a Hopf bifurcation in the power system described by differential algebraic equations (DAEs). The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by regulating the reactive power loads in a 14-bus power system.展开更多
One technical fishway and two innovative nature-like fishways were installed at three dams on the Acushnet River in Acushnet, Massachusetts to facilitate migration of river herring and juvenile American eels （elvers...One technical fishway and two innovative nature-like fishways were installed at three dams on the Acushnet River in Acushnet, Massachusetts to facilitate migration of river herring and juvenile American eels （elvers）. Pre-construction and post-construction monitoring of river herring and elver populations used census counting and abundance estimation, respectively. Numbers of adult river herring returning to the upstream spawning grounds during the pre-construction phase were very low; elver counts declined during the pre-construction period and served as baseline levels to determine the effectiveness of the new fishways. Post-construction monitoring of river herring and elvers indicated an increasing trend of spawning adult river herring returning to the spawning grounds, with the total count in the fourth year of post-construction representing an increase of 1,140% over baseline, pre-construction conditions. Results also show increased elver recruitment into the river as well as increased proportions of elvers accessing habitat in the upper watershed that was mostly inaccessible prior to fishway installation. The new fishways at the three dams on the river have improved diadromous fish passage, thereby increasing the probability of restoring healthy populations of river herring and American eels to the Acushnet River system.展开更多
By considering the static voltage characteristic of the load, we propose a WAMS/SCADA mixed nonlinear method to estimate the voltage of unobservable buses caused by topology change or phasor measurement unit (PMU) mal...By considering the static voltage characteristic of the load, we propose a WAMS/SCADA mixed nonlinear method to estimate the voltage of unobservable buses caused by topology change or phasor measurement unit (PMU) malfunction in a power system. By modeling the load characteristic with data from SCADA, we employed the Gauss-Seidel method to solve the nonlinear equations and estimate the voltage of unobservable buses with the high precision voltages of neighboring buses measured by a PMU. Simulations were carried out on the IEEE 39-bus system, and the results show that this novel method can dynamically and accurately trace the variation of the voltage phasor of the unobservable buses.展开更多
文摘High resolution cameras and multi camera systems are being used in areas of video surveillance like security of public places, traffic monitoring, and military and satellite imaging. This leads to a demand for computational algorithms for real time processing of high resolution videos. Motion detection and background separation play a vital role in capturing the object of interest in surveillance videos, but as we move towards high resolution cameras, the time-complexity of the algorithm increases and thus fails to be a part of real time systems. Parallel architecture provides a surpass platform to work efficiently with complex algorithmic solutions. In this work, a method was proposed for identifying the moving objects perfectly in the videos using adaptive background making, motion detection and object estimation. The pre-processing part includes an adaptive block background making model and a dynamically adaptive thresholding technique to estimate the moving objects. The post processing includes a competent parallel connected component labelling algorithm to estimate perfectly the objects of interest. New parallel processing strategies are developed on each stage of the algorithm to reduce the time-complexity of the system. This algorithm has achieved a average speedup of 12.26 times for lower resolution video frames(320×240, 720×480, 1024×768) and 7.30 times for higher resolution video frames(1360×768, 1920×1080, 2560×1440) on GPU, which is superior to CPU processing. Also, this algorithm was tested by changing the number of threads in a thread block and the minimum execution time has been achieved for 16×16 thread block. And this algorithm was tested on a night sequence where the amount of light in the scene is very less and still the algorithm has given a significant speedup and accuracy in determining the object.
文摘In this paper, a new MAC protocol for WLAN is proposed. The new protocol, which is called PRMA (Priority Rotation Multiple Access), is based on priority rotation theory. In PRMA, each access cycle consists of a contention period and a data transmission period. During contention period, a node competes for the right to control the channel according to its priority. The winner of contention can control the channel and can send data without collision in data transmission period. Analysis and simulation results show that PRMA is a stable protocol, which means that it can achieve high throughput both under high-load and under low-load conditions.
基金funded by the project (No.41072192)from National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe project(No.1212011087122)from China Geological Survey
文摘The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based on the data from the monitoring station on Banzhai subterranean stream located in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province,the process and influence factors of KCS have been analyzed.It shows that the amount of KCS is about 353 t C per year in the catchment of Banzhai subterranean stream,and there is good linear relationship between the strength of KCS and discharge of the stream at various time scales.Therefore,how to monitor the discharge accurately is the key to the estimation of KCS.And stations with real-time monitoring function are very important for KCS calculation because of strong seasonal variability of the karst water cycle.
文摘Transporting hatching eggs from Hungary and incubating them abroad revealed lower hatchability compared to when the eggs were incubated in Hungary. Following transport, there were higher embryo losses and, notably, more malformed embryos. The aim of these initial trials was to determine if a testing device （crazy fit massage machine （CFM machine）） was able to replicate and model the mechanical impacts experienced during transport and reproduce the reduction in hatchability and increase the level of malformed embryos as observed in commercial practice. Tinytag~ high sensitivity shock and vibration loggers were used to monitor the impacts under field and trial conditions. Applying single 10 min treatments on the CFM machine, which used the same frequency （10-30 Hz） as the eggs experience under field conditions, induced the negative effect of transport, and lower hatching results were experienced. Three trials were conducted. Treated eggs in Trials 1 and 2 received automatically and periodical changing vibration in a range between 10-30 Hz for 10 min while in Trial 3 two different levels of impact were applied at 20 Hz and 30 Hz, respectively. Hatchability decreased due to the treatment significatly only in Trial 3. Significant differences were also detected in early dead levels in Trials 2 and 3 and the occurrences of malformation in Trials 1 and 3. All these results are in accordance with the field experience. Thus, the trials which examined the equipment were able to produce mechanical impacts that were repeatable in order to set up statistically reliable trials on hatching eggs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50595414 and 50507018)the National Key Technolo-gies Supporting Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period (No. 2006BAA02A01)the Key Grant Project of MOE, China (No. 305008)
文摘A method is proposed to monitor and control Hopf bifurcations in multi-machine power systems using the information from wide area measurement systems (WAMSs). The power method (PM) is adopted to compute the pair of conjugate eigenvalues with the algebraically largest real part and the corresponding eigenvectors of the Jacobian matrix of a power system. The distance between the current equilibrium point and the Hopf bifurcation set can be monitored dynamically by computing the pair of con- jugate eigenvalues. When the current equilibrium point is close to the Hopf bifurcation set, the approximate normal vector to the Hopf bifurcation set is computed and used as a direction to regulate control parameters to avoid a Hopf bifurcation in the power system described by differential algebraic equations (DAEs). The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by regulating the reactive power loads in a 14-bus power system.
文摘One technical fishway and two innovative nature-like fishways were installed at three dams on the Acushnet River in Acushnet, Massachusetts to facilitate migration of river herring and juvenile American eels （elvers）. Pre-construction and post-construction monitoring of river herring and elver populations used census counting and abundance estimation, respectively. Numbers of adult river herring returning to the upstream spawning grounds during the pre-construction phase were very low; elver counts declined during the pre-construction period and served as baseline levels to determine the effectiveness of the new fishways. Post-construction monitoring of river herring and elvers indicated an increasing trend of spawning adult river herring returning to the spawning grounds, with the total count in the fourth year of post-construction representing an increase of 1,140% over baseline, pre-construction conditions. Results also show increased elver recruitment into the river as well as increased proportions of elvers accessing habitat in the upper watershed that was mostly inaccessible prior to fishway installation. The new fishways at the three dams on the river have improved diadromous fish passage, thereby increasing the probability of restoring healthy populations of river herring and American eels to the Acushnet River system.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50507018, 50595414, 50677062, and 60421002)the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2004CB217902)+1 种基金the National Key Technologies Supporting Program of Chinaduring the 11th Five-Year Plan Period (No. 2006BAA02A01)theKey Grant Project of MOE of China (No. 305008)
文摘By considering the static voltage characteristic of the load, we propose a WAMS/SCADA mixed nonlinear method to estimate the voltage of unobservable buses caused by topology change or phasor measurement unit (PMU) malfunction in a power system. By modeling the load characteristic with data from SCADA, we employed the Gauss-Seidel method to solve the nonlinear equations and estimate the voltage of unobservable buses with the high precision voltages of neighboring buses measured by a PMU. Simulations were carried out on the IEEE 39-bus system, and the results show that this novel method can dynamically and accurately trace the variation of the voltage phasor of the unobservable buses.
