基于环保视角下的生态环境监测技术应用探析

随着市场经济不断发展,社会对于生态环境保护更加重视。基于此,生态环境监测事业得以发展,并结合新技术和设备,满足新时期生态文明建设需求。生态环境监测是系统且复杂的工作,大力发展势必为人们创造可持续发展空间。当前,环境污染情况日益恶化,传统的生态参数监测,无法对环境质量进行科学判断。环境监测成为保障生态环保的重要技术,加强环境监测技术的应用,能够为生态环境保护提供支撑,同时为改善环境做出贡献,对于相关城市项目改革提供参考和借鉴。

地铁工程深基坑施工监测技术应用

伴随着社会经济飞快发展,城市基础设施也迅速完善,为缓解人们生活工作节奏不断加快的压力,城市加快了地面交通及地下轨道交通建设。地下交通项目因其特殊性及为了避免对其他地下设施造成影响,一般挖掘的深度都比较大,规模也在逐渐扩大。在地铁深基坑施工过程中,由于各种不确定因素,如环境、地质条件和地下水等各种因素的影响,施工过程中易出现坍塌事故,造成社会财产的损失和人员伤亡。基于此,对整个施工过程的实时监控具有非常重要的现实意义。

分析农业环境保护中的酸雨监测技术及应用

酸雨对农业发展具有非常严重的打击性影响,能够直接对农作物生长、农产品产量等造成严重的影响。农业环境遭受到酸雨的打击,不仅对农业经济造成严重影响,而且还会对国民经济增长产生影响。因此,针对这一现状,本文对农业环境保护中酸雨监测技术的相关内容进行分析,并且提出该技术的实际应用效果。

分析环境监测技术的应用现状及发展

伴随社会的不断发展,环境问题开始在社会大众的视野中占据突出地位。环境的污染与破坏等导致民众的生活环境恶化,影响民众生命健康安全。环境监测技术的应用与发展成为环境保护局面日趋严峻状况的重要应对措施与研究重点内容。文章介绍环境监测技术重要性与应用现状,探究环境监测技术的发展趋势,希望能对我国环境保护事业有所助益。

综合故障监测技术用于天然气压缩机组

往复式天然气压缩机在苏里气田运行过程中综合故障监测技术的应用与发展,引入现代传感器技术、监测技术、计算机处理技术及数据库技术对苏里格气田天然气压缩机进行离线监测和故障分析、诊断。实践证明,往复式压缩机综合故障监测技术,对实现天然气压缩机预知维修、降低维护费用、消除设备安全隐患、实现设备本质安全运行有重要意义。

油气田长输管道泄漏监测技术讨论

现阶段,在石油天然气等输送中,管道技术发挥出了良好的效果。基于西部油田开发和西气东输工程的进一步开展,管道运输从国民经济中的作用日益明显,因为管道服役时间较长而处于老化状态,或者被多项因素所干扰增加了管道泄漏现象出现概率,具体表现为泵站开关造成的应力、压力控制阀操作失误,长时间处于腐蚀条件下管道呈现出了老化现象、温度变化程度大、人为破坏等,这些都是常见的因素。当石油和天然气管道泄漏以后,除了加剧了资源消耗程度之外,同时还对环境造成了巨大的污染,为后期埋下了严峻的爆炸隐患,对人民生命安全生了威胁。对此,应当加强长输油气管道泄漏检测技术的探究和分析力度。在本篇文章中,主要以长输管道泄漏检测技术实际现状为主,提出了该项技术的具体应用情况。

土木工程监测技术发展现状及优化路径的研究

土木工程施工中存在较多安全风险,管理人员必须重视安全管理工作,保证监测技术优化应用的有效性,减少安全管理中存在的不足。做好全体人员安全管理意识建设,明确安全管理要求,管理人员要定期进入现场进行巡检,检查是否存在安全管理漏洞。开展土木工程监测技术发展现状及优化情况探究,有效提升我国土木工程的整体水平,为我国工程建设行业的全面发展奠定坚实的基础并提供强大的发展推动力。

Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring System for Agricultural Disaster in Henan Province Based on Multi-source Satellite Data

Using 3S technology, relying on earth-space three-dimensional agriculture disaster monitoring network, remote sensing monitoring model for agricultural disaster in Henan Province was established, and agricultural disaster monitoring system plat- form of Henan Province based on multi-souroe satellite data was further constructed, which realizes dynamic monitoring of agricultural disasters in Henan Province （drought, flood, snow cover and straw burning）.

Application of Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation in Development of Animal Husbandry Technology

[Objective] This study aimed to provide references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry tech- nology. [Method] With the livelihood improvement program for agricultural and pas- toral area in northern Yunnan as the example, the development process of partici- patory animal husbandry was overviewed. And the monitoring and evaluation pro- cesses of participatory animal husbandry were introduced and analyzed. [Result] The monitoring and evaluation indicator system of participatory animal husbandry technol- ogy included 4 layers, namely technology, institutional system, personnel ability con- struction and effectiveness, and 11 third-level indicators, namely, technical characteristics, superiority-inferiority comparison, community and farmers, technical personnel, project personnel, economic indicators and social indicators. [Conclusion] This study provided the references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry technology.

Application of remote monitoring technology in landslides in the Luoshan mining area

With the scale extending of mining, the landslide disaster in the earth’s surface will become more and more serious, and these landslide disasters are being threatened to the sustainable safe mining of the underground mine and the open-pit mine. Based on the theory that sliding force is greater than the shear resistance (resisting force) at the potential slip surface is the necessary and sufficient condition to occur the landslide as the sliding criterion, the principle and method for sliding force remote monitoring is presented, and the functional relationship between the human mechanical quantity and the natural sliding force is derived, hereby, the natural sliding force can be calculated according to the human mechanical quantity. Based on above principle and method, a new system of landslide remote monitoring is designed and 53 systems are installed on the landslide body in the Luoshan mining area, which make up the landslide remote monitoring network. According to the results of field test around 8 months, monitoring curves between sliding force and time are obtained, which can describe and forecast the develop trend of landslide. According to above analysis, the results show that this system has some following advantages: (1) real-time monitoring; (2) remote intelligent transmission; (3) landslides early warning.

Application of micro-seismic monitoring technology in mining engineering

Micro-seismic phenomena, occurring when rock masses are subjected to forces and failures, allow the determination of their unstable states and failure zones by analyzing micro-seismic signals. We first present the principles of micro-seismic monitoring and location, as well as an underground explosion-proof micro-seismic monitoring system. Given a practical engineering application, we describe the application of micro-seismic monitoring technology in determining the height of a "two-zone" overburden, i.e., a caving zone and a fracture zone, the width of a coal-pillar section and the depth of failure of a floor. The workfaces monitored accomplished safe and highly efficient mining based on our micro-seismic monitoring results and provide direct proof of the reliability and validity of micro-seismic monitoring technology.

Applying real time seismic monitoring technology for slope stability assessment—An Indian opencast coal mine perspective

This paper outlines the results obtained from real time microseismic monitoring of an opencast coal mine in South India.The objective of the study is to investigate the stress changes within the rockmass along the slope due to underground mine development operation and their impact on the stability of the highwall slope.The installed microseismic systems recorded the seismic triggerings down toà2 moment magnitude.In general,most of the events recorded during the monitoring period are weak in seismic energy.The study adopts a simple and more reliable tool to characterize the seismically active zone for assessing the stability of the highwall in real time.The impact of underground working on the slope is studied on the basis of the seismic event impact contours and seismic clusters.During the monitoring period,it is observed that the intensity of the overall microseismic activity along the slope due to the mine development operations did not cause any adverse impact on the highwall stability.

Coal mining GPS subsidence monitoring technology and its application

We proved theoretically that geodetic height, measured with Global Positioning System （GPS）, can he applied directly to monitor coal mine subsidence. Based on a Support Vector Machine （SVM） model, we built a regional geoid model with a Gaussian Radial Basis Function （RBF） and the technical scheme for GPS coal mine subsidence monitoring is presented to provide subsidence information for updating the regional Digital Elevation Model （DEM）. The theory proposed was applied to monitor mining subsi- dence in an Inner Mongolia coal mine in China. The scheme established an accurate GPS reference net- work and a comprehensive leveling conjunction provided the normal height of all GPS control points. According to the case study, the SVM model to establish geoid-model is better than a polynomial fit or a Genetic Algorithm based Back Propagation （GA-BP）neural network. GPS-RTK measurements of coal mine subsidence information can be quickly acquired for updating the DEM.

Some problems of GPS RTK technique application to mining subsidence monitoring

Owing to the variability of mine surfaces, it is difficult to obtain the deformation monitoring data of the observation stations by traditional leveling technique. GPS RTK （Real-Time Kinematic） technique was employed to the subsidence observation in this paper, and its main sources of errors including rover pole deflection of the vertical, un-modeled systematic errors （gross error, multipath delay etc.） and the height transformation error, were analyzed systematically. Based on the fundamental theories of spherical fit- ting and Empirical Mode Decomposition （EMD）, the error reduction models were studied exhaustively. And two experiments were done in different environment to test the proposed models. The results show that the proposed methods can achieve a fourth-grade leveling accuracy, with （Root-Mean-Square） RMS in three orthogonal directions （N, E and H） of 4.1, 3.3 and 3.1 ram, respectively, by 3-5 rain continuous shaking of the observation GPS antenna, fully satisfying for mine surface subsidence deformation monitoring.

Advances in space-borne SAR interferometry and its application to ground deformation monitoring

The development of Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry （D-InSAR）, in terms of its evolution from classic to advanced forms, such as Least-Squares approach, Permanent Scatterer Interferometry, Small Baseline Subset, and Coherent Pixel Technique, is reviewed, describing concisely the main principles of each method and highlighting the difference and relationship between them. Applications of InSAR technology in China were then introduced, together with the obstacles to overcome and feasible strategies, such as integrating MERIS/MODIS data to compensate for the atmospheric effect and GPS, and multi-platform SAR data to make InSAR technique practical and operational under various conditions. The latest devel- opments were then analyzed along with high-quality SAR data, available thanks to the newly launched high-tech satellites, TerraSAR-X, and Cosmo Sky-med, and conclusions were drawn about the main limitations of the technique.

交通工程施工管理和质量控制工作探讨

交通工程施工中有较多安全风险,管理人员必须重视安全管理工作,保证监测技术优化应用的有效性,减少安全管理中存在的不足。做好全体人员安全管理意识建设,明确安全管理要求,管理人员定期进入现场进行巡检,检查是否存在安全管理漏洞。开展交通工程施工管理和质量控制技术发展现状及优化情况探究,可以进一步有效提升我国的交通工程整体开展水平,为我国建设行业的全面发展奠定坚实的基础和提供强大的发展推动力。

Technology of fiber-optic temperature sensing and its application in ＆ temperature measuring of gob area

Based on advantages of technology of distributive fiber-optic temperature sensing and specific to its applications in monitoring mine conflagration, the corresponding Processes such as connection arrangement, signal transmission and monitoring were illustrated. As applied in Sitai Coal Mine of Datong Coal Mine Group Co., this method is effective and accurate and could provide reliable gist for monitoring spontaneous combustion in gob area of mines.

Progress and trend of sensor technology for on-line oil monitoring

Oil monitoring constitutes an important and essential component of condition monitoring technologies and has distinguished advantages in revealing wear,lubrication and friction conditions of tribo-pairs.Newly developed on-line/in-line oil monitoring technologies extend the merits into real-time applications and demonstrate significant benefits in maintenance and management of equipment.This paper comprehensively reviews the progress of on-line/in-line oil monitoring techniques including sensor technologies,their scopes and industrial applications.Based on the existing developments and applications of the sensors for oil quality and wear debris measurements,the trends for future sensor developments are discussed with focuses on accurate,integrated and intelligent features along with exploring a fundamental issue,that is,acquiring the knowledge on degradation mechanisms which has not received sufficient attention until now.Current status of applications of on-line oil monitoring is also reviewed.Although limited reports have been found on this topic,increasing awareness and encouraging progress in on-line monitoring techniques are recognized in applications such as aircraft,shipping,railway,mining,etc.Key fundamental issues for further extending the on-line oil monitoring techniques in industries are proposed and they include long-term reliability of sensors in harsh conditions,and agreement with fault or maintenance determination.