海洋环境监测数据集质量控制方法研究

文章以各监测机构上报的海洋环境监测数据为对象,有别于海洋环境监测实验室内的质量控制,提出了监测数据集的一系列质量控制方法,有效提高监测数据集质量水平,为海洋环境保护信息化持续健康发展提供高质量的数据保障。

2011-2020年云南元江干热河谷生态站气象监测数据集

气候变暖背景下,长期的气象监测对于研究生态系统功能的变化机制以及建立相关环境预测模型有重要的作用。为了更好地利用元江干热河谷生态站的气象数据,本研究以元江萨王纳生态系统为对象,采用标准气象观测场开展常规气象要素的长期定位观测,对2011年7月至2020年12月的气象监测数据进行了整理、质量控制和评估。本气象数据集包括气温、湿球温度、露点温度、相对湿度、水汽压、总云量、日照时数、定时降水量、蒸发量、气压、风速和风向、土壤温度等12个数据表,主要以日尺度(8:00、14:00和20:00)数据文件为主,以期为研究干热河谷生态系统物质循环与能量交换和其对全球变化响应等方面提供基础数据支撑。

海洋环境监测数据处理技术流程与方法研究

为适应海洋环境保护的信息化建设,海洋生态环境监测数据采集完成后,需要开展监测数据的统一和规范化处理。文章以各地上报的海洋环境监测数据集为对象,提出了海洋环境监测数据的业务化处理技术流程,包括数据标准化处理、齐全性检验、站位基础信息质控、站位监测参数数据质控和数据输出等5个流程,规范了海洋环境监测数据的业务化处理流程,提高监测数据的处理效率和水平。

区域滑坡易发性评价的时间尺度特征分析

滑坡灾害是一种具有时空尺度属性的环境地质问题。以往对于滑坡易发性研究的尺度特征分析主要集中于由滑坡灾害本身及其影响因素的空间非均质性产生的空间效应。监测数据作为滑坡的信息载体,不仅包括了滑坡的空间分布信息,而且一定时间序列的监测数据也包含滑坡在时间上的演变信息,因此滑坡监测数据的时序性分布特征是滑坡易发性研究的时间效应的重要表征。探讨了滑坡监测数据的时序性分布特征对滑坡易发性研究的影响,通过对具有不同地质环境条件研究区的滑坡进行分析,总结出了4种典型的滑坡演变类型,对于修正滑坡易发性评价方法与思路、提高评价结果精度具有一定的意义。

基于并行自注意力的石窟寺岩体裂隙发育研究

针对石窟寺岩体裂隙发育缓慢、影响因素多样化,难以对裂隙发育情况进行预测的问题,提出了一种新的基于深度学习的岩体裂隙发育预测网络(FDPNet:Fracture Development Prediction Network),即并行自注意力机制混合网络。FDPNet通过局部卷积模块和全局循环模块对序列数据的时间相关性进行建模,使模型能准确捕捉到不同时间尺度的时间模式。同时通过引入自注意力机制对多元时序数据中不同序列之间复杂的依赖关系进行建模。在此基础上,利用传统的自回归模型进一步提高模型的鲁棒性。此外,以Q市北石窟寺32号窟6个月的裂隙发育相关因素监测数据构建了国内外首个该领域的数据集。在该数据集上进行的对比实验结果表明,该模型在石窟寺岩体裂隙发育预测场景下具有更好的性能表现。

Considerations when using the activPAL monitor in field-based research with adult populations

Research indicates that high levels of sedentary behavior(sitting or lying with low energy expenditure) are adversely associated with health. A key factor in improving our understanding of the impact of sedentary behavior(and patterns of sedentary time accumulation) on health is the use of objective measurement tools that collect date and time-stamped activity information. One such tool is the activP AL monitor. This thigh-worn device uses accelerometer-derived information about thigh position to determine the start and end of each period spent sitting/lying, standing, and stepping, as well as stepping speed, step counts, and postural transitions. The activP AL is increasingly being used within field-based research for its ability to measure sitting/lying via posture. We summarise key issues to consider when using the activP AL in physical activity and sedentary behavior field-based research with adult populations. It is intended that the findings and discussion points be informative for researchers who are currently using activP AL monitors or are intending to use them. Pre-data collection decisions, monitor preparation and distribution, data collection considerations, and manual and automated data processing possibilities are presented using examples from current literature and experiences from 2 research groups from the UK and Australia.

Design of Environmental Monitoring and Control System for Large-scale Pig House with Fermentation Bed

The design and assembly of environmental monitoring and control system for large-scale pig house with fermentation bed helped to solve the problem of environmental automatic control in piggery.The sensors would monitor the temperature,humidity,light,wind direction,wind speed,CO2,NH3and other parameters.On-line real-time data collection was achieved.The expert system was constructed to control the temperature in piggery below 30℃,to control the air and mattress humidities higher than 65%.Under the conditions of different season or different wind speed,even in day and night,the control actuators were different.The actuators included fanning wet curtain,lighting,micro spraying,spraying,propeller fan,electric aluminum alloy shutter and spraying systems on the roof.The actuators were integrated,and they control the piggery environment simultaneously.The system also designed the remote video monitor interface,parameter-monitoring curved interface and operation interface,which provided a good man-machine interface.

Climate Variability in Niger： Potential Impacts on Vegetation Distribution and Productivity

Since 2003, the sites of the national environmental monitoring system （DNSE） of Niger, set up by the long term ecological monitoring observatories network （ROSELT） with the support of the Sahel and Sahara Observatory （OSS）, were used to collect ecological data with harmonized methods for spatio-temporal comparisons purpose. Floristic and phytoecological data were collected using the phytosociological methodology of Braun-Blanquet （1932）. Ecosystem vital attributes used included the specific diversity, alpha diversity, equidistribution, biological types and herbaceous phytomass. At the whole system scale, the analysis revealed that the specific diversity, the alpha diversity and the phytomass values were higher in less disturbed biotopes of the north soudanian and south sahelian bioclimates where the rainfall rate is relatively high. Regarding the north sahelian and saharian bioclimates, the topography may play a critical role in the redistribution of this phytodiversity. Besides, the distribution of the biological types showed the prevalence of therophytes （56.8 ± 11%） regardless of the bioclimate and, to a lesser extent, the perennial species （26.5 ± 7.3%）, the later group showing higher values for the north soudanian bioclimate.

Roadroid： Continuous Road Condition Monitoring with Smart Phones

Road condition is an important variable to measure in order to decrease road and vehicle operating/maintenance costs, but also to increase ride comfort and traffic safety. By using the built-in vibration sensor in smart phones, it is possible to collect road roughness data which can be an indicator of road condition up to a level of Class 2 or 3 in a simple and cost efficient way. Since data collection therefore is possible to be done more frequently, one can better monitor roughness changes over time. The continuous data collection can also give early warnings of changes and damage, enable new ways to work in the operational road maintenance management, and can serve as a guide for more accurate surveys for strategic asset management and pavement planning. Collected measurement data are wirelessly transferred by the operator when needed via a web service to an internet mapping server with spatial filtering functions. The measured data can be aggregated in preferred sections, as well as exported to other GlS （geographical information systems） or road management systems. Our conclusion is that measuring roads with smart phones can provide an efficient, scalable, and cost-effective way for road organizations to deliver road condition data.

Toward Energy-Efficient and Trustworthy eHealth Monitoring System

The rapid technological convergence between Internet of Things （loT）, Wireless Body Area Networks （WBANs） and cloud computing has made e-healthcare emerge as a promising application domain, which has significant potential to improve the quality of medical care. In particular, patient-centric health monitoring plays a vital role in e-healthcare service, involving a set of important operations ranging from medical data collection and aggregation, data transmission and segregation, to data analytics. This survey paper firstly presents an architectural framework to describe the entire monitoring life cycle and highlight the essential service components. More detailed discussions are then devoted to {／em data collection} at patient side, which we argue that it serves as fundamental basis in achieving robust, efficient, and secure health monitoring. Subsequently, a profound discussion of the security threats targeting eHealth monitoring systems is presented, and the major limitations of the existing solutions are analyzed and extensively discussed. Finally, a set of design challenges is identified in order to achieve high quality and secure patient-centric monitoring schemes, along with some potential solutions.

Differentiating Data Collection for Cloud Environment Monitoring

In a growing number of information processing applications,data takes the form of continuous data streams rather than traditional stored databases.Monitoring systems that seek to provide monitoring services in cloud environment must be prepared to deal gracefully with huge data collections without compromising system performance.In this paper,we show that by using a concept of urgent data,our system can shorten the response time for most 'urgent' queries while guarantee lower bandwidth consumption.We argue that monitoring data can be treated differently.Some data capture critical system events;the arrival of these data will significantly influence the monitoring reaction speed which is called urgent data.High speed urgent data collections can help system to react in real time when facing fatal errors.A cloud environment in production,MagicCube,is used as a test bed.Extensive experiments over both real world and synthetic traces show that when using urgent data,monitoring system can lower the response latency compared with existing monitoring approaches.

Monitoring Local Impervious Surface Trends Using Indices Derived from Property Tax and Several Landsat Datasets

Human economic and social needs can be in conflict with ecosystem needs. Land development increases impervious surfaces causing significant negative impacts to aquatic ecosystems. Many impervious surface estimates are derived from remote sensing data, developed by using different methods and often out of date. Remote sensing data is often at scales applicable to regional management, but not local planning decisions. To date, no standardized annual dataset of percent impervious surface exists for use at both local and watershed scales. Effective communication between natural resource managers and local planners has been lacking. One solution is to monitor percent impervious surface with a relative index rather than direct measure. A relative index model can use a currency, like foundation square feet per hectare, which is useful for all decision makers. One data source for developing a relative index of impervious surface is property tax data. These data document annual land development at local scale. Here, the author presents the use of Maryland property tax data to index land development and percent impervious surface.

Platform Construction of Regional Energy Management Center

Based on the analysis of different requirements of energy management center construction and the data acquisition of various industries in wide area network, as well as the practices of real-lime online system, the paper puts forward the construction scheme of regional energy management center （REMC） which can achieve real time online monitoring of organizations＇ energy consumption via data collection, and also proposes the design idea of energy data acquisition based on national standards.

Research on the On-line Monitoring System of Battery Power

Through the comparison of various acquisition technology and related technology theory of the existing scheme, the paper analyze and design the power battery testing platform of the data acquisition system, and give the research design scheme of the utility model through the design of the software on PC and CAN bus, which makes the full synchronization requirements acquisition unit; improve the linearity and stability of total voltage and current acquisition by the integrated circuit, and improve the system sampling rate, effectively complete the corresponding index. Finally, through experimental verification, to ensure the completion of the technical indicators.