Interactions Between Thrombin and Natural Proudcts of Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttt. and Cistanche deserticola Ma. in Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

Aim A capillary zone electrophoretic method （CZE） was used to determine the interactions between natural products and thrombin. Methods Samples containing natural products and thrombin at various ratios were incubated at 25 ℃ and then were separated by CZE with Tris-acetate buffer at pH 7.2. Each run could be accomplished within 5 min. Results In CZE, the peak width broadened due to the affinity interaction between natural products and thrombin. Compared with positive and negative control, the natural products （CB-1, CB-2） from Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttt. interacted with thrombin; CB-3 from Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttt. and HC-1, HC-2, HC-3 from Cistanche deserticola Ma. did not bind to thrombin. Both qualification and quantification characterizations of the binding were determined. Conclusion The established method is capable of sensitive and fast determination of natural products and thrombin interactions, it can be employed as an alternative method.

充盈生命,追光而思

棋经曾云:弃小而不见者,有图大之心。弃不绝而自补者,有侵绝之意。又云:目凝一局者其思周,心役他事者其虑散。

Dan Huang Ming Mu Recipe Suppresses the Progression of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Retinopathy After Retinal Laser Photocoagulation in Brown Norway Rats via Down-regulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Up-regulating Pigment Epithelium-derived

Objective To analyze the effects of Dan Huang Ming Mu Recipe(DHMMR)(a pharmaceutical preparation from herbs and having the function of replenishing vital essence,removing heat,promoting blood circulation and excreting pathogenic water) on diabetic retinopathy(DR) after retinal laser photocoagulation through regulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF).Methods Forty male Brown Norway(BN) rats were randomly divided into blank group(group A,10 BN rats) and model group(30 BN rats).DR models were induced by 40 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ) and the body weight and blood glucose of rats were monitored.After 12-week injection,fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA) and histopathological examination were detected to confirm the successful establishment of DR models.Subsequently,the right eyes of model group rats were conducted retinal laser photocoagulation with the left eyes having no retinal laser photocoagulation and rats of the model group were randomly divided into group B(the model control group),group C(the positive control group),and group D(the DHMMR group),with 10 rats in each group.Rats of the group A and the group B were given vehicle,and the group C were given calcium dobesilate suspension by gavage,and the group D were given DHMMR by gavage.After 4-week gavage,FFA was carried out to observe the fundus microvascular change.Then,the rats were sacrificed to do histopathological examinations and the serum levels of P-selectin,cAMP,cGMP,and the relative expression of the protein of VEGF and PEDF in retina were detected.Results After 12-week STZ injection,the blood glucose of the model group were pronouncedly higher than the blank group(P < 0.01).Fundus micro-hemangioma changes were observed in the rats of the model group through FFA,and the rats of the blank group did not see any changes.The pictures of HE staining showed that the retinal structure of the model group was more disordered than the blank group.After 4-week gavage,treatments with DHMMR showed dramatic reduction of serum levels of Pselectin,cAMP and cGMP compared with the group B(P < 0.01).FFA and histopathological examinations of DHMMR-treated rats revealed significantly suppression of retinal edema,fundus microvascular destruction and retinal destruction distinguishing from the group B.And the relative expression of VEGF protein of the group D and the group A was markedly lower than that of the group B(P < 0.01).The relative expression of PEDF protein of the group D and the group A was dramatically higher than that of the group B to the contrary(P < 0.01).Conclusions DHMMR demonstrates pronounced suppressive effects on the progression of DR after retinal laser photocoagulation,through down-regulating VEGF and upregulating PEDF.

Multi-objective model of fast-solidification sludge

Many sludge curing technologies often have problems like long curing time,high cost,and low efficiency in the condition of low temperature,The compressive strength,moisture content and temperature are defined as the constraint conditions,and solidified cost,pH,COD,NH4+-N concentration are defined as the objective functions.The response surface analysis is used to obtain a variety of response expressions of factors,and the multi-objective optimization model of fast-solidification sludge is established.Then,the curing agent formulas are optimized.After three-day conserving,the curing sludge could meet the landfill conditions.

The Role of Architectural Considerations in Seismic Performance of Buildings： A Case Study in Iran

Experience from recent earthquakes such as Gilan, Zanjan, Bam and Lorestan earthquakes in Iran indicated that the constructed buildings are vulnerable against earthquake. Vulnerability of these structures is due to various reasons such as designing without considering seismic regulations, problems of regulations （design goals）, implementation problems, changing of the building occupancy class, increasing the weight of building stories, adding new stories to the building and changing in architecture of building without considering structural system. So the main objective of this research is to examine the features of building configuration and their effects as for the damages to buildings in past earthquakes. For this purpose, initially four occurred earthquakes in Iran are selected as case study. Then three types of buildings （steel structure, concrete structure and masonry buildings） are analyzed with details. Results showed that the most of damages are occurred in the old steel structures and masonry buildings which their ages are more than 25 years. The study showed that most of the buildings in the study area are steel structure and masonry buildings while concrete structures are infrequent which most of them had no or slight damages. Therefore, the importance and need to enhance the performance of available buildings against earthquake forces by rehabilitating methods would be more important than before. Also results indicated that the decisions related to architectural plan which have significant effect on seismic performance of buildings, can be divided into three categories： configuration of building, restrictive formal architectural plan and dangerous structural components, as these categories are not obstacle of each other, it is possible that each category has an influential effect on others. So organizing the design decisions in this way is very important so as to manage their effects and interdependencies.

Discussion on construction and type selection of China high dams

At the beginning of 21st century, with the rapid and steady development of China economy, a lot of large scale hydropower projects with large dams from 200 m to 300 m high are being or to be built. China dam constructions are reaching the level of 300 m high arch dam, 250 high CFRD (concrete face rockfill dam) and 200 m high RCC (roller compacted concrete) gravity dam. Due to the safety and the economy, the type selection for high dams has become the key issue during the argumentation for the hydropower projects, and further efforts are still needed in this aspect for high dams. After reviewing the high dam constructions in China and abroad, authors proposed some advices for the selection of dam types, and hope that it can provide some helpful information for the researches and the design of high dams.

Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Views for Rehabilitation

The increasing number of pathological occurrences is found in reinforced concrete structures, so does the demand for inspection and maintenance services in residential communities in the state of Pernambuco, which aim to detect damage to the structure in a timely manner to minimize repair costs, thus applying preventive maintenance in order to guarantee the estimated useful life of the project for the building. However, it is observed that the practice of periodic inspections is not yet part of the culture of a certain segment of the population that does not have economic means and knowledge of the importance of maintenance to ensure the integrity of the structure. It was used in this work an inspection script with use of tests and methodology to quantify damage and to check the state of degradation of two residential buildings with more than 20 years and built near the seafront where environmental aggression is strong. The deterioration found in each of the buildings has been differentiated due to different corrective maintenance performed at every building. The last maintenance, performed in Building A, was performed by corrective hand of unskilled labour guided by the community itself, which has no expertise in the field of civil engineering. In Building B, the situation is similar, compounded by the opinion of some tenants that there is no need for this routine, even the structure being in critical condition, as was confirmed with the application of the methodology employ. There should be a legislation that governs the execution of inspections and maintenance programs in addition to the existing technical standards. The methodologies presented suitable for checking the degree of degradation of the structures and performed tests confirmed the diagnosis obtained by visual inspection and quantification of damage.