电气工程中的设计问题常归结为多目标优化问题。对于目标函数超过三维的高维多目标优化设计,目前基于非控关系的多目标进化算法很难获得理想的优化结果。为此,人们提出了多重单目标Pareto采样(Multiple Single Objective Pareto Samplin...电气工程中的设计问题常归结为多目标优化问题。对于目标函数超过三维的高维多目标优化设计,目前基于非控关系的多目标进化算法很难获得理想的优化结果。为此,人们提出了多重单目标Pareto采样(Multiple Single Objective Pareto Sampling,MSOPS)算法。该算法结构简单,计算复杂度低。然而,研究表明,这种方法的最终优化结果往往缺乏多样性。为此,本文对MSOPS算法进行了改进研究,提出了目标矢量的拥挤操作,非均匀的目标矢量更新以及附加外部档案等改进措施以提高优化结果的多样性。通过与MSOPS-Ⅱ、HypE以及NSGA-Ⅱ算法在求解测试函数上的性能比较,证明了改进算法在Pareto解集上获得了更好的收敛性与多样性。最后,通过八木天线的优化设计验证了改进算法解决实际问题的有效性。展开更多
RRT(Rapidly exploring Random Tree)是一种基于采样的路径规划算法,非常适用于机器人的路径规划中,但是传统RRT^(*)算法存在耗时长、占用内存较大等缺点。所以针对这些问题提出一种改进RRT^(*)算法,该算法优化了父节点选取范围,在传统...RRT(Rapidly exploring Random Tree)是一种基于采样的路径规划算法,非常适用于机器人的路径规划中,但是传统RRT^(*)算法存在耗时长、占用内存较大等缺点。所以针对这些问题提出一种改进RRT^(*)算法,该算法优化了父节点选取范围,在传统随机采样机制的基础上引入了目标偏置采样和启发式策略,减少了算法耗时且缩短了路径长度;引入了节点拒绝策略,消除转弯角太大的冗余路径的同时也进一步提升了算法效率。利用MATLAB进行了仿真实验验证,结果表明改进RRT^(*)算法能在更短的时间内搜索到一条从起点到终点的最短无碰路径,并且可以很好地应用于机械臂的路径规划中。展开更多
针对狭长空间无人车辆路径规划系统,提出一种基于改进的快速搜索随机树(rapidly-exploring random trees,RRT)路径规划算法,以解决传统RRT算法随机性较大、路径缺乏安全性的问题.该算法通过加入自适应目标概率采样策略、动态步长策略对...针对狭长空间无人车辆路径规划系统,提出一种基于改进的快速搜索随机树(rapidly-exploring random trees,RRT)路径规划算法,以解决传统RRT算法随机性较大、路径缺乏安全性的问题.该算法通过加入自适应目标概率采样策略、动态步长策略对传统的RRT算法进行改进,同时考虑到实际情况中无人驾驶车辆的动力学约束,该算法加入车辆碰撞约束和路径转角约束,并针对转角约束会导致迭代次数激增的问题提出了一种限制区域内随机转向的策略,最终得到一条安全性较高的路径.采用计算机仿真对所提算法和现有算法的性能进行对比验证.所提算法在狭长空间相较于传统人工势场引导下的RRT算法迭代次数降低了33.09%,规划时间减少了6.44%,路径长度减少了0.06%,并且在简单环境和复杂障碍物环境下规划能力均有提升.所提算法规划效率更高、迭代次数更少.展开更多
传统的RRT(Rapid-exploration Random Tree)算法具有搜索速度快,适用于解决动力学非完整性约束问题,但是由于算法本身的随机性,生成的路径比较曲折,甚至出现绕远路现象。为此,本文提出一种改进的RRT路径规划算法,该算法结合目标偏向策略...传统的RRT(Rapid-exploration Random Tree)算法具有搜索速度快,适用于解决动力学非完整性约束问题,但是由于算法本身的随机性,生成的路径比较曲折,甚至出现绕远路现象。为此,本文提出一种改进的RRT路径规划算法,该算法结合目标偏向策略,使算法快速向目标节点收敛;对选取节点的度量函数,加入了角度的影响;同时引入贪心剪枝思想,对冗余节点进行剪枝,提高了路径规划算法的效率;最后通过仿真实验,验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。展开更多
In order to solve the problem of path planning of mobile robots in a dynamic environment,an improved rapidly-exploring random tree^(*)(RRT^(*))algorithm is proposed in this paper.First,the target bias sampling is intr...In order to solve the problem of path planning of mobile robots in a dynamic environment,an improved rapidly-exploring random tree^(*)(RRT^(*))algorithm is proposed in this paper.First,the target bias sampling is introduced to reduce the randomness of the RRT^(*)algorithm,and then the initial path planning is carried out in a static environment.Secondly,apply the path in a dynamic environment,and use the initially planned path as the path cache.When a new obstacle appears in the path,the invalid path is clipped and the path is replanned.At this time,there is a certain probability to select the point in the path cache as the new node,so that the new path maintains the trend of the original path to a greater extent.Finally,MATLAB is used to carry out simulation experiments for the initial planning and replanning algorithms,respectively.More specifically,compared with the original RRT^(*)algorithm,the simulation results show that the number of nodes used by the new improved algorithm is reduced by 43.19%on average.展开更多
A new matting algorithm based on color distance and differential distance is proposed to deal with the problem that many matting methods perform poorly with complex natural images.The proposed method combines local sa...A new matting algorithm based on color distance and differential distance is proposed to deal with the problem that many matting methods perform poorly with complex natural images.The proposed method combines local sampling with global sampling to select foreground and background pairs for unknown pixels and then a new cost function is constructed based on color distance and differential distance to further optimize the selected sample pairs.Finally,a quadratic objective function is used based on matte Laplacian coming from KNN matting which is added with texture feature.Through experiments on various test images,it is confirmed that the results obtained by the proposed method are more accurate than those obtained by traditional methods.The four-error-metrics comparison on benchmark dataset among several algorithms also proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
文摘电气工程中的设计问题常归结为多目标优化问题。对于目标函数超过三维的高维多目标优化设计,目前基于非控关系的多目标进化算法很难获得理想的优化结果。为此,人们提出了多重单目标Pareto采样(Multiple Single Objective Pareto Sampling,MSOPS)算法。该算法结构简单,计算复杂度低。然而,研究表明,这种方法的最终优化结果往往缺乏多样性。为此,本文对MSOPS算法进行了改进研究,提出了目标矢量的拥挤操作,非均匀的目标矢量更新以及附加外部档案等改进措施以提高优化结果的多样性。通过与MSOPS-Ⅱ、HypE以及NSGA-Ⅱ算法在求解测试函数上的性能比较,证明了改进算法在Pareto解集上获得了更好的收敛性与多样性。最后,通过八木天线的优化设计验证了改进算法解决实际问题的有效性。
文摘RRT(Rapidly exploring Random Tree)是一种基于采样的路径规划算法,非常适用于机器人的路径规划中,但是传统RRT^(*)算法存在耗时长、占用内存较大等缺点。所以针对这些问题提出一种改进RRT^(*)算法,该算法优化了父节点选取范围,在传统随机采样机制的基础上引入了目标偏置采样和启发式策略,减少了算法耗时且缩短了路径长度;引入了节点拒绝策略,消除转弯角太大的冗余路径的同时也进一步提升了算法效率。利用MATLAB进行了仿真实验验证,结果表明改进RRT^(*)算法能在更短的时间内搜索到一条从起点到终点的最短无碰路径,并且可以很好地应用于机械臂的路径规划中。
文摘针对狭长空间无人车辆路径规划系统,提出一种基于改进的快速搜索随机树(rapidly-exploring random trees,RRT)路径规划算法,以解决传统RRT算法随机性较大、路径缺乏安全性的问题.该算法通过加入自适应目标概率采样策略、动态步长策略对传统的RRT算法进行改进,同时考虑到实际情况中无人驾驶车辆的动力学约束,该算法加入车辆碰撞约束和路径转角约束,并针对转角约束会导致迭代次数激增的问题提出了一种限制区域内随机转向的策略,最终得到一条安全性较高的路径.采用计算机仿真对所提算法和现有算法的性能进行对比验证.所提算法在狭长空间相较于传统人工势场引导下的RRT算法迭代次数降低了33.09%,规划时间减少了6.44%,路径长度减少了0.06%,并且在简单环境和复杂障碍物环境下规划能力均有提升.所提算法规划效率更高、迭代次数更少.
文摘传统的RRT(Rapid-exploration Random Tree)算法具有搜索速度快,适用于解决动力学非完整性约束问题,但是由于算法本身的随机性,生成的路径比较曲折,甚至出现绕远路现象。为此,本文提出一种改进的RRT路径规划算法,该算法结合目标偏向策略,使算法快速向目标节点收敛;对选取节点的度量函数,加入了角度的影响;同时引入贪心剪枝思想,对冗余节点进行剪枝,提高了路径规划算法的效率;最后通过仿真实验,验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)。
文摘In order to solve the problem of path planning of mobile robots in a dynamic environment,an improved rapidly-exploring random tree^(*)(RRT^(*))algorithm is proposed in this paper.First,the target bias sampling is introduced to reduce the randomness of the RRT^(*)algorithm,and then the initial path planning is carried out in a static environment.Secondly,apply the path in a dynamic environment,and use the initially planned path as the path cache.When a new obstacle appears in the path,the invalid path is clipped and the path is replanned.At this time,there is a certain probability to select the point in the path cache as the new node,so that the new path maintains the trend of the original path to a greater extent.Finally,MATLAB is used to carry out simulation experiments for the initial planning and replanning algorithms,respectively.More specifically,compared with the original RRT^(*)algorithm,the simulation results show that the number of nodes used by the new improved algorithm is reduced by 43.19%on average.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61133009,U1304616)
文摘A new matting algorithm based on color distance and differential distance is proposed to deal with the problem that many matting methods perform poorly with complex natural images.The proposed method combines local sampling with global sampling to select foreground and background pairs for unknown pixels and then a new cost function is constructed based on color distance and differential distance to further optimize the selected sample pairs.Finally,a quadratic objective function is used based on matte Laplacian coming from KNN matting which is added with texture feature.Through experiments on various test images,it is confirmed that the results obtained by the proposed method are more accurate than those obtained by traditional methods.The four-error-metrics comparison on benchmark dataset among several algorithms also proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.